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1)
2) formalizes measures which facilitate understanding, i.e.,-
first - get the patient talking and revealing vocabulary they use
second - determine the value system
third - convey the value system to the other party in a functional form
fourth - invite collaborative utilization
3) captures the individual’s abstraction of healthiness without overlooking the components from which that abstraction is built
4) assists the articulation of salient issues in a manner which clarifies those issues for the patient and physician both
Until a formal methodology for defining the individual's value system is clearly established, nephrologists will continue to be forced to rely on their intuition about patients’ values. Physicians currently lack a reproducible and rigorous technique to describe patient values with accuracy and precision, and to integrate what they have learned about those values with biomedical information about the patient.