Relationship Between Data and Hypotheses: Terminology

sensitivity: likelihood that a given piece of data will be observed in a pt w/a given disease or condition
pathognomonic: of tests that not only evoke a specific diagnosis, but also prove it to be true
specificity: an observation is highly specific for a disease if it is generally not seen in pts who do not have the disease
prevalence of a disease: frequency w/which the disease occurs in the population of interest
predictive value of a test: posttest probability that a disease is present based on the results of a test