Article beginning on page 418.
Psyche 8:418, 1897.

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418 PSYCHE. [October 1899.
llab. -On the under side of the leaves of Spiraea salicifolia, at Methuen, Mass., and on the under side of the leaves of Prims verticilZutus, at Andover, Mass., 1898 (in the woods zit each place). The young begin to appear about July loand the full grown scale with ovisac the following May.
The scales
become dry and drop off about the last oi June, none can be found in July. When I
sent this coccid to Prof. Cockerel1 k1t.t year, he, then being very busy, made a hasty
examination of my mount and scales with
ovisnc. Some of the ovisacs did not have any scales, and I did not state this to him at that time. The mount showed the antennae to be almost indentical with those of Lid- te?;siit vibarni Sign., and he supposed it to be a variety of that species. Being later doubtful of this, he requested me to study thc insect with better material, and the result has been to prove that it cannot belong to Liclitensia, as it does not have the scale cov- ered with its ovisac.
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Length 56 88 60 44 28 24 sa
Width 80 56 36 28 q 20 20 16
Formula 34~8(25)76.
Measurements of Leg.
Fcmnt
with Tarsal Claw
Coxa Tro- Tibia Tarsus Claws Uigi- Digi- chanter tales tules
Length til 264 176 84 24 60 36
Width 140 92 44 2s 28
JANET'S RECENT OBSERVATIONS
ON ANTS, ETC,
Several recent papers* by Charles Janet, -
^Note 17. Systhnte glaadulaire t6gomentaire de la Myrmica rubra. Observations diverses sur les Fourmis. 30 pp. g figs. Paris, 1898.
. the well known authority upon ants, wasps, and bees, deserve mention.
All are written
in the concise and clear style characteristic of the author.
In ~ote 17, nine classes ofglandular organ6 are defined, of which the integumentary
system alone comprises eight pairs : (i) Unicellular glands opening separately at the bases of the antennae.
(2) Well developed
uniccllu1:tr glands with n common reservoir at the base of either mandible.
(3) Maxil-
lary glands. (4) Labial glands, derived from the larval silk glands. (5) Glands of the median segment, possibly odoriferous to ena- ble members of the same colony LO recognize one iinothei-. (6) Poison gliiiuls of the fe- male, also accessory ghinds, alkaline in reac- tion, serving- the author suggests - neither to lubricate the sting nor to complete the composition of the poison, but to neutralize superfluous formic acid remaining upon the insect itself. (7) Glands of the sheath, also represented by cerlain' glands in the male. (8) Glands of the ninth segment.
All the integumentary glands except tlic poison glands secrete alkiiline fluids which are believed to protect ants from the dele- terious effects of their own formic acid. Thus, Janet finds that formicaries give an alkaline reaction which varies in rapidity and strength according to the species of ;tnt and Note 18. Aigiiillon dc la Myrinica. rnbra- Apparcil ele iermeture de la glanrle ?I veniu. 27 pp., 3 pis., 5 Lext flgs. Paris, 1898,
Note if). Anntomie dn corseiet de la Myrmica rubra reine. M6m. sac. -wol. France, 1898. pp. 393-450, pi. 6, 25 text figs.
Estr. coniptes rend. seances cicad. sc.: - No. 12. Snr unc cavitk du tbgnnieiil servant, chez les Myrmicinae, A- &taler, xu contact de Pair, tin pi-duit de s6cdtion. '1%. 126 (iStfS), 4 pp.
No. is. Reaction aicaliue des chambrcs et galeries des nids de Ii'ourinis. Dnde de la vie dee Fuurn~isd&apit&s. T. 127 (1898h 4 PP.
14. Stir un organe 11011 d6crit servant i la femeiun; dn reservoir du veuin, et sur le Mode dc fonctionnement de 1'aiguillon chez les Fourn~is, T. 127 (18<,8)~ 4 pp. Nu. 15. Snr 1e ~necauisme du vol cliea les Iiisectes. T. 128 (1899)~ 4 PP-




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October 1800.1 fSYcH.E. 41 9
in correlation with the development of the acid and alkaline glands of that species. This paper also records a number of mis- cell~ineous observations upon the cleanliness of ants' nests, the vitality of queens, etc. and portions of the paper are republished in Nos. 12 and 13.
Note 18 is a valuahle contribution to the literature upon the hyn~enopterous sting. *,
1he organ in Myrmica is thorougi~ly de-
scribed and figured, the results of other workers being- supplemented by numerous
original observations. The apparatus con- trolling the flow from the poihon gland is described for the first time in ~ote' 18. from which No. 14 is an extract.
Note 19 is an important paper of nearly
sixty pgcs upon the anatomy of the thor-, acic region which, as including the median segment, is termed corselet. Eight clear figures express the forms and relations of the thoracic sclerites. Only one who has urider- taken a similar subject can appreciate the success with which the author has exptiiined the positions anil functions of the thoracic muscles, especially those concerned in flight. Although the paper dcsils chiefly with a sin- gle species in :L purely descriptive way, the character and number of the illustrations, iibundantly facilitate the coinpurisoii of Myrmica wit11 other groups by the morphol- ogist. Paper No. 15 is a repetition of a part of Note 19.
The E~~OLIII~ of study represented by the interesting papers of Janet is frequently dis- guised by the author's conciseness of expres- sion.
THE PANURGINE BEES.
With reference to Mr. Ashmead's article on pp. 372-376, the following remarks may be appropriate : -
(I.)
Perdita (CorkereZZia) kyalina 3 has
the hind claws simple, and the front and middle claws deeply cleft. So also -pasoms and other allied forms. I have examined
Cresson's type of Ayali-na in Philadelphia. The $ of beata, the type of Philo'sauthas. is unknown.
(2.) Puvatzdrena Rob., has nothing to
do with Paimvgim~s !
(3.) BiareoZi,m is ordinary A-ndrena with two subinarginal cells ; Callandrenu is app:Lr- ently derived from :i very distinct section of Andrena belonging to North America (A.
ĺ´pulcJieU &.). It is quite impossible lo imagine that these genera have any blood- relcitionship, except through And~ena, con- sequently, they cannot be united.
(4.)
HemihaZicti~s is I believe, an Amen-
cxn derivative of Halktu.7, its resemblance to Dufoureu being due to convergence.
There is a marked difference in the venation. the first recurrent nervure in Diffon-rea joining the second submai-ginal cell at its extreme base, while in Hemihafitus it joins it not far from the micldle. Mr. Abhinead tells me, however, that he has seen an
undescribed species prebenting intermediate chiiriicters.
(5.)
Hes'pen'1'pis (not. fisferasfif.") is very distinct from U/;o/ĺ´/;itoi'.le by the short dagger-like tongue, as originally described by me.
(6.) Psendo$anqus is a compact and
easily recognized group, belonging to the arid region; it is a matter of taste whether one calls it a genus or asubgenus of Paniw- yifins.
(7) Nomadopis I can now :icccpt,
because the species on which it was founded is not the Pwdita zonalis Cr., but a species quite distinct from any Perdifa. I had the pleasure of seeing it recently in the Nat. Museum.
It is hardly necessary for me to say, that I value extremely Mr. AshmeaJ's table of bees; and disagreement as to details must not be taken for dispirngement of the whole.
3. M. Agr. Ex?. Sta.




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