Article beginning on page 355.
Psyche 8:355-358, 1897.

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PSYCHE.
THE MOUTHPARTS OF THE NEMATOCEROUS DIPTERA, IV. CUIJCJ~AE.
the outer ones, the paraglossae, being
more strongly chitinized than the inner
Curethra sp. The mo~ithparts are median one, the fused glossae. The of the short, usual Nematocerons hypo//;aqmx (fig. 8 A, hyp) is narrow type. The labrum-@ipharynx (fig. 8 A, and tapering, and finely fringed at 2. @.) is strongly convex above, well
apex.
chitinizcd, and pointed. Mandibles are
I have examined also the mouthparts
wanting.
The maxillae (fig. 8 A, mx)
of pupae of Corethra, but the pupae
Fig. 8, A. Monthparts of Culex sp. : 2. ef; labrum-epipliary nx, md., mandible, mx., maxilla, iftx.l., maxillar lobe, mx.å´ft. maxillar palpus, It. labium yl. glossa, fg. paraglossa, liyp., hypopharynx; B, Mouthparts of Corethra 6p., same lettering. have long +segmented palpi rising from
were too nearly mature to present any
a palpifer, and a short, delicate, very instructive differences in mouthparts rudimentary lobe. The Zatium (fig, 8 conditions. A, It) has an elongate rectangular basal Culex sp. The well-known mouth- sclerite and three short terminal lobes, parts of Culex are markedly different



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356 PS YCHE. [May 1899.
from those of Corethra. The mouth- mandibles are finely seirate on the dis- parts are very much elongated to form
tal part of their inner margin.
the long, slender, sucking proboscis.
The mouthparts of the male form a
The females (fig. 8 B) which are long, slender, proboscis-like organ, but blood sucking possess mandibles. The there ale no mandibles and the maxillar labrum-l pi pharynx (fig. 8 B, 2. ep ) the lobes are short and very delicate. The
mandible's (fig
8 B, md) maxiZ/ar lobes maxilla1 palpi are as long as or longer (fig. 8 B, mx. I.) and hypopharynx (fig. than the labium and are 4-segmented, 8 E, hyp) appear as long, slender the second segment being especially pointed piercing stylets, which lie long. The labrnm epipharynx, hypo- almost completely cnclosed in the pharynx and labium ale as in the equally long, slender lubzum (fig. 8 B,
female.
h) whose lateral margins turn up and
in so as to form a sheath, opening along RHYPIIIDAE.
the median dorsal line, for the stylets. ??hy$hus sp.
Rhyphus has no man-
The distal extremity of the labium is dibles, in female or male. The lahum-
divided into three parts, representing Ip;*harynx (fig. 9, Z. ep-) is elongate, the greatly reduced terminal lobes, para- triangular, pointed at apex, and bears a glossae and fused glossae. Thus it is number of taste pits (?) on its under (inner) or epipharygngeal surface.
The maxillae (fig. 9, mx) present
a delicate, flattened, membranous,
rather long lobe, and 4-segmented
x)> palpi.
The labium (fig. 9, li)
shows an interesting condition:
the basal sclerite has a median
,I
longitudinal line, and there are
--
three terminal lobes, the outer or
paraglossae are a-segmented and
the narrower. uointed, median one.
.A
Fig. 9, Mo~lth~arts of RhJ'phus sP.:
z,ef.
representing the fused glossae, is nearly labrum-epipharynx, mx. maxilla, mx. I. max- as long as the paraglossae and free for
illar lobe, mx.$ maxillar palpus, U. labium, fg. paraglossa, gl. glossa, hyf hypopharynx. its length. The ft~iO~hay~n"~ (fig' a. hvt1 is esueciallv well chitinized : it elongated and which forms the sheath
skeleton at its base is well developed.
for the remaining mouth parts.
The
maxillary palpi are short (compara- BIBIONIDAE. lively) and only ^-segmented. The Bibio sp. Bibio sp. presents a similar



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May %.I PSYCHE. 357
condition in males and females. Mandi- the paraglossae and unusually strongly- bles are wanting. The labrnm-epi- chitinized. pharynx (fig. 10 Z. 9.) shows readily its Diloph'us sf. A female of Dihpfws
composition of two parts ; a lahrum sp. examined shows essentially the same which has a bifid apex projecting beyond mouthparts condition as Bibio. That the epipharynx which bears a number of part of the maxilla called basal seg- taste-pits (?) and is single pointed. The ment of Hie palpus, in the description
maxillae (fig. 10 mx) are strongly chiti- of Jfilii'o, appears in Ililophus rather to nized and consist of basal sclcrite and be the pallifer. five-segmented palpus (the basal see- Scatopse sf. In Scatopse sp. a re- rnent is short and small, but appears to markable degree of specialization is shown in the great reduction of
the maxillary palpi. The palpi
are composed of but one seg-
ment, which is borne by a slender,
1 well-chitinized basal maxillar scle-
rite. The palpar segment is
peculiarly pitted, and the inner
surface of the segment is concave ;
in each of the pits or depressed
Fig. 10, Mouthparts of Bibio sp; Z. e-p. labrum-epiphasj'nx, mx. maxilla, li. labium, å´pff paraglossa, hy$. hypopharynx.
be a palpar segment rather than a palpi- fer) . There is no maxillar lobe, unless a short well-chitinized spur (not shown
in the figure) which lies interior to the palpus is a rudiment of the lobe. The
labium (fig. 10 li) is short and broad
presenting two well-developed, free para- glossae but no glossa. The paraglossae
are fleshy and concave internally with
infolded margins, and provided with
numerous hairs and peculiar little
rugose spaces. No pseudotracheae are
visible. The hypopharynx (fig. I o hyp)
is well-developed, extending to the tip of spaces, there is a number of deli-
cate short papillar processes.
This re-
duction of the palpus to a single seg-
ment is not elsewhere shown (to my
knowledge) among the Nematocera
although it is the characteristic con-
dition among the more specialized
Brachycera. The labrum-epipharynx,
labium and hypopharynx are present in
Scatapse and in no essentially different condition from that of Bibio. The
paraglossae of the labium are rather
long and slender and with a strongly
chitinized supporting basal part.
In this largest of the Nematocerous
families we have a considerable variety
of mouthparts conditions, and in the




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358 PSYCHE. way, 1809.
conditions presented by the labium
especially we find an extremely instruc- tive series.
SympSecta pzinctipennis. This Tipulid
presents mouthparts of the usual Nema-
tocerous type, although of a specialized condition of that genera1 type. This
specialization is shown in the absence
of mandibles and the reduction of the
maxillar lobe to a minute, hardly chili- nized rudiment. The lab~r~m-@$?z~z~ynx
is rather short, and with chitinized
skeletal frame work. The maszllar
The latium (fig. 1 I S, 5) is composed of a narrow well-chitinized basal sclerite
with free paraglossae which are rather
thick, with concave inner faces and bear numerous short strong hairs, and many
short fine prickly hairs. A glossa is not. visible. There are no pseuclotracheae.
.Dicranoptyc/;a sp. Here we meet a
condition similiar to that shown by
Symplecla. The maxillar lobe is better
developed, being a distinct, spoon-
shaped, weakly chitinized plate. The
labium has free paraglossae, fleshy,
with concave inner faces,
out sign of pscudo-
HoZoiwsia rub@inosa. In
this giant Tipulid, we find a
specialization in the mouth-
parts over the conditions
presented by Symplecfa and
Diccanaptydza shown especi-
ally, and most suggestively,
aracter of the labi-
um. The basal sclerite of
the labium (fig. 11 A, K) is
very narrow and slender al-
though well chitinized an-
teriorly, and the paraglossae
Fig-. 11, A, Mouthpiu-ts of Holor-usia rubig are no longer free but are
inoea, ~ e f i labi-um-cpip~~ar~n~, mx. max- fused for two-thirds of their length,
ilia, mx.~. maxillar lobe, m.9. roaxillar forming a single large flat (though palpus, 2;. labium, 3s paraglossa; B, La- rather thick and fleshy) plate, in which biuln of Tipla sp., $5 paraglossa; S, La- a conspicuous main pseudo.tl-ac~leal
bium of Symplecta punctipennis, $8. para- gloss&
trunks, and numerous very delicate
and inconspicuous small transversal
faIpi are long, 4-segniented and borne
pseudo-tracheae are visible. The max-
on a short palpifer.
The hyftopharynx
illat (@ 11 A, mx) have only a mi-
is slender, with pointed fringed apex.
nute, membranous vestige of a lobe; the




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May, 1899.1 PSYCHE. 359
palpus, borne on a distinct, swollen,
palpifer, is long and 4-segmented. The
lahrum-epipharyizx (fig. 11 A, I. eft.) is short and well chitinized. The hypo-
pharynx is short and pointed.
Stygeroftis sf. This genus has the
mouthparts in the same general condi-
tion as Holorusia. The maxillae how-
ever present no trace of lobes. The
paraglossae of the labium are fused for
about half their length, are heavily
chitinized at the outer margins and
have pseudo-lracheae, 01 the character
of ihose in l-Mmusia, namely a few
large main trunks, and numerous small,
inconspicuous, delicate, transversal ones. Tif-du fp. In Tipzda (fig. 1 I, B, li)
the fusion of the paraglossac extends
farther and the system of pseudo-
tracheae is better developed, the trans- versal ones being larger and more dis-
rinct than in Holorttsia.
The mouthparts of the Tipulidae are
borne at the anterior extremity of an
anterior prolongation of the head cap-
sule. The mouthparts themselves are
not elongated ; the maxillary palpi, how- ever, are especially longer and slender. A NEW LITHOSIAN.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, WASHINGTON, II. C.
Ozodania n. fen. - Head prominent, ton-
gue distinct, coiled; male antennae simple; no ocelli. Palpi slender, npturned, reaching to middle of front; legs moderate, hind
tibiae with four spurs. Fore wings slightly over twice as long is broad; 12 veins, 7 to 9 stalked, the rest from the cell; hind ~infi's with vein 2 remote from -s, the rest evenly spaced, 6 and 7 stalked, 8 joining the sub- costal for two-thirds the length ol the cell; outer margin excavate, the anal anglc pro- dnced; anal hairs of male conspicuous but not reaching the end of the body.
Type the following: -
Ozodii?zia schwarzio~u?n ft. 8$.-Fore "wing blackish lead color, a broad upright orange yellow band resting on the lobe at inner angle where the color becomes crimson ; a similar stripe along internal margin, scarcely attaining the upright hand, touched with crimson at base. Hind wings reddish pink, costal ~nargin yellowish, a minute or distinct leaden apical baud. Thorax gray ; vertex of head, collar and patagia orange yellow abdomen pinkish red; legs gray and yellow- ish. Wings below with the gray ground
color more or less replaced by reddish. In the Arizona specimen the gray parts are as on the upper side, but the pale parts red and broader; in the Mexican specimen the gray is reduced to a smdl apical and basal patch on fore wings and is absent on hind wings. Expanse 16 mm.
Two males, Oracle, Arizonii (E. A.
Schwarz) ; Rancho Hannover, State of Vcra Cruz, AIexico (H. Schwarz). U. S. National Museum, tjpe number 4102.
This genus stands between Cisthene and
Odozana. From the former it differs in the form of the hind wings and a slight enlarge- ment on the outer angle of fore "wings; from the latter, in the very slight development of the anal hairs and in the IOII~GI' palpi (Walker says those of Odosa?ia are porrect and do not exceed the head).
This species must have been taken in




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