Article beginning on page 337.
Psyche 8:337-340, 1897.

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March 1899.1 3's YCHE. 337
ing ; ocelli black, mouth faintly brown ; width I mm. Body green; dorsal line
straight, white, crinkly edged ; tubercles i and ii white; subdorsal line straight, narrow, white; tubercles iii and iv less distinctly white ; substigmatal line distinct white, moderately broad, somewhat shaded below, just covering spiracles. Feet green, those of 7 and 8 smaller than the others. Tubercle iv opposite lower edge of spiracle.
Sinye IV, Head 1.8 mm. All pale green,
joint 12 a little enlarged; feet nearly equal. Lines and tubercles white, dorsal and sub- dorsal lines narrow, rather pulverulent ; stigmata1 moderate, enclosing the spiracles except on joints 2 and 12, a dark green
shade above it reaching to tubercle iii. Feet green, shields and plate nncornified, obscure. Tubercles minutely black in white rings ; iv at the lower edge of spiracle; setae rather long, fine, dusky. Spiracle while, finely black rimned.
Stage V Head green, ocelli narrowly
black centrally, labrmn white; width 2.7 mm. Green, plates invisible; skin finely white dotted, lines white; dorsal line distinct, obsolete at the ends ; subdorsal narrow,faint, half as wide as the dorsal; stigmata1 narrow, about the width of the spiracles which it half encloses except on joints 2 and 12, covering tubercle iv; a dark green shade above, diffuse, fainter at the spiracles. Subventer white dotted ; feet clear green, equal. Body slender, joint 12 slightly enlarged. Tubercles and spiracles white, the latter ringed.
Sfa.ge VL Head pale brown, shining,
reticulate with darker brown, shaded in
clypens and at base oi antennae; labrum
whitish ; ocelli pale; width 4.6 mm. Body cylindrical, joint 12 a little enlarged on top; feet equal. Light yellow-brown ; dorsal and sulidorsal lines narrow, pulverulent and broken, brownish white, bordered with darker brown ; oblique subdorsal shades brown,
running between tubercles i and ii forward and outward; skin mottled, dotted 'with
whitish; svibstigmatiil line moderately broad, whitish on the edges, centriilly of the color of the body, the lower edge finally fading out, leaving a very narrow pale line cutting the spiracles. Feet pale ; setae white; cer- vical shield and anal plate not cornified, not lined. Spiracles white, Hack ringed. Later the larvae fade to a pale greenih brown, the lines becoming faint and the head appearing dark by contrast. Setae single, normal, iv opposite lower edge of spiracle.
The larvae hatched early in May and
entered the earth in June. They fed on
vnrious leaves, but seemed to prefer willow, on which they throve. The imagoes ap-
peared in August.
FOUR NEW SPECIES BELONGING TO THE GENUS PLENO- CULUS FOX.
BY WILLIAM H. ASHMTCAD, WASHINGTON, T>. C. The genus Plenocul~is Fox wag erected in The genus is unknown outside of boreal
Psyche, Vol. VI, 1893, p. 554, with one spe- North America.
cies P. dawisi. Since that time, however, Table of Species.
four additional species have been described, three by Fox and one by myself. 1 have Clj-peiis anteriorly not emarginate me- nowthepleasureofpresentingclescriptions dially . . . . . . . 2 of four new species and giving a table for Clypeus iinteriorly emarginate, or excised distinguishing all of the species,
medially, dentate or denticulate laterally.



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PSYCLY.??. [March 1899.
Five teeth on each side of the median
emargination ; abdomen black, the apical margins of segments more or less testa-
ceous; mandibles except tips and the tibiae and tarsi more or less pale ferruginous ; the tibiae blackish beneath ; first joint of fla- gellum slightly shorter than the second. . . . . . ( I ) P. dauisi Fox.
Two teeth on each side of the median
emargination; abdomen black or more or
less rufous on basal three segments, in the latter case the second ventral segment
always with an oblong black spot 011 each side, the ventral segments 3-.j also more or less dusky basally ; mandibles pale fer- rnginous with black tips; anterior tibiae, except behind, and the anteriorand middle tarsi ferruginous; first joint of flagellum as long as the second.
9.
(2) P. p~opifiqnus Fox.
2. Clypeus anteriorly triangularly pro-
duced medially . .. . . . 5
Clypeus anteriorly slightly rounded or
subsemicircularly prodnccd . . 3
Clypeus anteriorly truncate medially.
Anterior margin of clypeus broadly
squarely truncate with a delicate raised margin, without lateral teeth; abdomen
mostly rufous, blackish towards apex;
head thorax and nbdomen closely and
rather strongly punctate; legs black with the anterior tibiae and tarsi and the man- dibles rufous. ?.
(3). P.$unctdt-ns n. sp.
Anterior margin of clypens subtri~ncate
medially; abdomen, except extreme apex
which is red, black; the apex of the seg- merits narrowly tcstaceous ; mesonoturn
and scutellum finely closely punctate ;
legs, except coxae, rufous.
$ .
(4). P. $af~u,, Fox.
3. No lateral tooth on anterior margin of clypeus 4
A lateral tooth on anterior margin of
clypeus.
Clypeiis, mandibles, except tips, the an- terior femora beneath, and all tibiae and tarsi, yellowish; the middle and hind
tibiae have a dusky blotch within toward apex ; abdomen entirely black.
$.
(2) P. $ro$inquu!, Fox.
Clypeus, mandibles and palpi, pale yel-
lowish; the anterior femora with a large white spot beneath at apical three fourths; all tibiae and tarsi pale yellowish, the tibiae more or less brown or black within or
beneath ;abdomen rufous. 3.
(5) P. fibdom.innlis 11. sp.
4. Head and thorax black; abdomen
rufous; anterior and middle femora beneath with a large white spot at apex, the hind tibiae and tarsi yellowish. 9.
(6) P. coc.+erelli/ Fox.
Wholly black, the hind tibia1 spurs white; abdomen finely, minutely punctate, with
some silvery pubescence, especially at apex of segments and laterally; first joint of flagellum distinctly shorter than the second; fdce with silvery pubescence, 2.
(7) P. niger n. sp.
5. Black, the head and thorax closely,
distinctly punctate, mandibles piceous to- wards tips; hind tibia1 spurs whitish; tarsi brownish; abdomen shining hut stilt finely punctate. 8. (8) P. $eckknmi Aslnn.
Black, the mandibles except tips, the
superior margin of pronotum, interrupted at the middle hind margin of tubercles, tegulae, postscutellurn, the apical three fourths of the front femora, the apexof middle femora and all tibiae and tarsi white, but the tibiae be- neath are black. & (9) P. albifes n. sp. '(3) Plenocnliispunc.ta.ius n. sp.
9. Length
j.j to 6 mm. Head and thorax black con-
fluently punctate. Clypeus squarely truncate anteriorly with a delicate but distinct raised rim, minutely punctate, smoother anteriorly and with several large scattered punctures. Palpi and mandibles rufous or ferruginous, the tips of the latter black. Antennae black, the flagellum rather stout, gradually incras- sated towards apex, the scape with a rufo- piceous spot beneath towards apex. Legs
black with the anterior tibiaeand tarsi rufous



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arch igw.1 PSYCHE. 339
or ferruginous. Wings hyaline or subhya- line, the sligina and veins black or piceons black, the second recurrent nervnre intersti- tial with the second transverse cubitus; tegulae black punctate. Abdomen distinctly punctate, rufous, the apical segments 4-6 more or less blackish ; pygidium distinctly punctate, the lateral carinae, forming thc pygidial area, somewhat produced at apex so as to make the tip of the abdomen appear tridentate.
Hgb.- Colorado. Carl F. Baker Collec-
tion, No. 1s4.6.
Type, No. 5066, U. S. N. M.
(,$) Plenocnins tthdominalts n. sp. 8.-
Length 2.65 mm. Head and thorax black,
very finely, closely, microscopic all^ punc- tate and more or less clothed with a silver,y pubescence, especially on the face and the mesopleura. Clypens, mandibles and palpi pale yellowish, the former impiinctate, with a slicht tooth on each side. Antennae dark rufous, the flagellum blackish above towards the basc. Legs black, the anterior femora with a white spot at apical third beneath, all tibiae and tarsi pale yellowish, the tibiae more or less brown or even black beneath or within. Wings iijaline, tegnlae white: stigma and veins pale brown, the second
recurrent nervure joining the petiolated second submarginal cell near its apex before the second transverse cubitus. Abdomen
wholly rufous, subopaque, but not pnnctate. Hab.-Arizona. Carl F. Baker Collec-
tion, No. 2123.
Type, No. 5067, U. S. N. M.
(7) Plenociduf- m'ger 17. sp. 9.-Lenglh
6 mm. Wholly black, closely punctate,
the head distinctly punctate, the face clothed with a silvery pubescence; there is also a distinct silvery pubescence on the pleura and also more or less on the abdomen but not so dense or decided as on the face.
Clypeus subscmicircular^y produced medi- ally, without a lateral tooth. Mandibles black rufoiis toward tips. Palpi brownish. Meta- thorax coarsely sculptured with oblique and transverse striations. Wings subi~yaline, the tegulae, stigma and veins brown-black; the first recurrent nervure is interstitial or almost with the "fist transverse cnbitus, while the second recurrent joins the second subn1argina.1 cell between its middle and apex. Abdomen very finely but distinctly punctate, the pygidium smooth, the lateral cariuae very delicate.
Hab. - Colorado. Carl F. Baker Collec-
tion No. 2170.
Type, No. 5068, U. S. N. M.
(y) Plenoail~tsaZhipes 11. sp. <?,-Length 3 mn1.
Black, the head closely, finely punc.
tate, opaque, the face with ;I ~lcnse silvery pile; m;indibles except tips, superior mar- gin of pronotuin interrupted medially, hind margins of tubercles, tegulae, postscutellum, apical three-foiirlhs of front femora beneat^ apex of middle femora and all tibiae, except beneath, and the tarsi white. Mesonoturn shining but finely punctate; metathorax
finely rugulose, the incso- and rneta-thorax clothed with a silvery pubescence. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the first recurrent nervure uniting with the cubitus before the first transverse cubitus, the second recurrent joining the second
siibiuarginal cell beyond its middle. Abdo- men subcori~iceo~~s, with a silvery pube- scence at apex of scgme~~ts and more or less laterally. Terminal joint of antennae very large, ovate in outline but subcompressed. Hab.-Colorado. Carl F. Baker Collec-
tion, No. 2358.
Type, No. 5069, U. S. N. M.




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PSYCHE.
[March 1899.
A NEW VOLUME OF PSTCHE
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By SAMUEL H. SCUDDKR. xi + 206 pp.
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An introduction, for the young stuilent, to the names and something' of the relationship and lives of our commoner butterflies. The a~ithor has selected for tretitinenl the butter- flies, less than one hundred in number- which would be almost surely met with by an in- dustrious collector in a course of n year's or two year's work in our Northern States east of the Great Plains, and in Canada. While ill the apparatus necessary Lo identify these butterflies, in their earlier as well as perfect stage, is supplied, it is far from the author's puipose to treat them us if they wereso many mere postap+stamps to be classified and ar- ranged in a cabinet. I-Ie hiis accordingly added to the descriptions of the different spe- cies, their most obvious stages, some of the curious facts concerning their periodicity and their habits of life.
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