Article beginning on page 174.
Psyche 8:174-176, 1897.

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174 PS2T.HZ'. [February 1898.
bend inward over the back, the spines
becoming converged and the whole con-
cealed by a triangular fold of skin. The presence of this fold is the only essential difference between these tufts of Domti- fera and our Parasa. The muscular
function may be slightly present in
Parasa ; it is certainly so in Sisyrosea nasoni, though in this case the horns
a bend outward.
The second modification is produced
by the lengthening of the horn and the
reduction of the stinging spines. I find on the tentacles of the larva sent me by Mr. Olive not only a few setae, but
several distinctly formed, though very
short stinging spines, as well as a great number of degenerate irregular lumps,
representing the mass of the spines. In
this larva the tentacles are present for all the horns of the lateral row and joint 13 as well as for the subdorsals of 3 and I 2 where they are especially long.
The subdorsals of 6 to 11 are very
short, rudimentary, again much as in
our Parasa, but their spines are absent, just as on the long horns, which is not
the case in our species.
To summarize : the Australian ELI-
cleids belong to the group of the horned Eucleids of Asia, Africa(?)* and Amer-
ica, but differ in having the spines
removed from the horns which have
not become eversible. It is a distinct
and peculiar specialization of one of the highest types of larvae and possibly
represents the most modified Eucleid
larva on the earth.
PACIFIC COAST COLLECTING. - 11.
BY ALBERT PITTS MORSE, WELLESLEY, MASS.
LOCALITIES.
Y?~,mcz, R. R. hotel; drinking-
water detestable. Surroundings chiefly
river-flats covered with willow-thickets, and desert. A rocky hill, chaparral,
and ranches at a little distance. This
place and points in Colorado Desert are
likely to be extremely hot.
India. R. R. hotel. Desert thickly
covered with weeds and chaparral;
fruit ranch with artesian well and run-
ning water. Mesa and foot of moun-
tains 3 to 4 miles distant. A good
place,
Palm Springs. Five miles from
station of same name and directly at
base of San Jacinto Peak. Inn and
fruit ranches. Desert, ranches with
fields and orchards, several canyons
with wild date-palms, streams, water-
falls, etc. An extremely favorable
locality.
Additional places in the Colorado
Desert that would probably repay
visits are Flowing Well - natural
spring-, - Salton - 250 ft. below sea-
*I have seen no African larvae, but species of Purasa are recorded from there.




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level, salt wells, - and Walters-much
like Indio.
Cabazon. Opposite this station a
disused logging-road runs up several
thousand feet on San Jacinto Peak.
Beaumont. Banning. Near sum-
mit of pass. Wheat-ranches and fruit-
orchards ; hills and mountains in back-
ground.
San Bernardino. Good central
point, wit11 great variety of collecting grounds within; easy reach. Fields,
orchards, streams, arroyos, etc. ; river and meadows at Colton. A very satis-
factory trip is by Santa Fe R. R. to
Cahon or Summit station in Cahon Pass
(camp out) for mountains, canyons,
etc. Mt. San Bernardino (11,600 ft.)
can be reached from this vicinity; San
Jacinto Peak ( I I ,000 ) from San Jac-
into ; burro trails.
North Ontario. Trails to Cuca-
monga Peak (8,000) , and Old Baldy
(10,000).
Los Angeles. Fine central point.
Good collecting along river and hills
near trolley-line to Pasadena. Be sure
to visit Mt. Wilson, - R. R. and car-
riage to Eaton Canyon, burro-trail to
summit, where good accommodations
are to be had ; good collecting at deser- ted ranch opposite water-trough 3 miles
up, and at summit. Try sea-shore at
South Santa Monica (sand, saltmarshes,
etc.) or at Long Beach. Visit Santa
Catalina Island.
San Die~o. Temperature delight-
ful. Fauna similar to that of region
about Los Angeles. Be sure to visit
Pt. Loma and Coronado, - chaparral,
sand, saltmarshes, botanic gardens ;
meadows, marshes, and hills at Old-
town ; sand and saltmarshes toward
National City.
Lancaster.
In tree yucca belt on
south side of Mojave Desert.
Desert,
ranches, artesian wells and tanks, run-
ning water ; good variety and rich col-
lecting-ground ; stay at least two or
three days.
Mojave. Not to be thought of;
nothing but bare sand on one side and
a forest of creosote-hush (Larrea) on
the other.
Tehacha-pi. At summit of pass,
4.000 ft. Wheat-ranches, pasture foot-
hills, pine forest on mountains. Go up
road to mines and forest west of village. Salt lake 6 miles south. A good place.
Caliente. At base of mountains,
1300 ft. Looked interesting and would
probably repay a visit.
Bakef,sfieZd (Kern City). Irrigated
ranches and desert-like wild land ; col- lecting fair.
mare. Good place, -ranches,
wild land, streams, gardens, etc.
Raymond. Point of departuic for
Yoseinite Valley. At base of hill-
country ; oak-dotted hills and a few
streams.
Route to Yosemife Valley. Coun-
try more hilly but much the same as that about Raymond till near Ahwanee,
where there is good collecting at
Crook's ranch, - streams, fields, or-
chards, etc. A few miles beyond the
forest begins and conlinues till the Val- ley is reached, with openings at Fish
Camp and Wawona, - streams, mead-




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PSYCHE. [February 1898.
ows, etc., collecting good hut much like that in the Valley. The Big Tree Grove
is z to 3 miles (by trail) off the road
between Fish Camp and Wawona.
Tosemite Valley, Forests, streams,
meadows, a few fields and orchards.
Trail to Cloud's Rest gives good range
of elevation and collecting up to nearly 10,000 ft. A few high meadows on
road from Glacier Pt. to Chinquapin, if
one returns that way.
San Francisco. Central point.
Among other places visit Mill Valley
and Mt. Tamalpais,- redwoods in can-
yon, streams, fields, hills, etc. Salt-
n~arshes and hills at Baden; marshes
and sand at West Berkeley. Leona
Heights is well recommended.
Sacramento. A good place, on river.
Extensive marshes along R. R. west of
city ;
woods, fields, etc., east of city.
Tehama. On Sacramento River.
Good variety, fields, orchards, woods,
river-banks and washes.
Sisson. 3500 ft. An excellent col-
lecting-ground ; forest, ponds, streams, springs, meadows, fields ; State fish-
hatchery. Be sure to visit base of Mt:
Shasta (10 miles, horseback or foot,
camp out) and collect ' about timbcr-
line, 7500 to goo0 ft., nothing of interest -above. The ascent of Shasta (14,400
.ft.) may be accomplished on foot in
,one day from camp and back (7000 ft.
climb) or the night may be passed on
the s~~n-nnit in lee of shelter-corral and food cooked at hot springs. Snow-
fields, glaciers, volcanic rocks and
debris, and at summit hot springs,
steam, and sulphurous gases and a very
extensive view.
It is a stiff climb, not
very difficult or dangerous, but should
not be attempted alone ; secure guide -
E. D. Stewart-and horse at Sisson.
Gazelle. 2700 ft. In Shasta Val-
ley. A rich collecting-ground with
good variety of surroundings and an
interesting contrast in fauna to that
previously met.
KZamathon. At lower end of Shasta
Valley ; sage-brush, stony hills, streams, etc.
Hornlrook, On branch of Klamath
R. Looked interesting, with farms,
pastures and orchards, woods in back-
ground.
Siskiyozi, Or. 4130 ft. In forest
at north end of tunnel through Siski~ou
Mts. Forest, ledges, small stream.
Good.
Ashland. 1900 ft. Farms, or-
chards, hills, streams, mountains and
forest in background. A very good
place.
Grants Pass. Much the same as
Ashland, also very good.
GZendaie.
On Cow Creek, in dense
forest. A beautiful spot and well
worth a stop.
Roseburg. On Umpqua River.
Stag; to coast.
Open plain and hill
country ; soil adobe ; collecting fair.
Drain.
A good place, with much
variety ; sandy soil, streams, hills,
farms, forest, etc. ; collecting excellent. Willamette Valley. The Willam-
ette Valley is quite uniform in charac-
ter, and there is little choice of collect- ing-points. Chemawa, Woodburn, and
Clackamas looked promising. Corval-




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February 1898.1 Z's1cHl?. 177
lis (on R. R. from Albany to coast) is
good. Mary's Peak (4000 to 5000 ft.)
in Coast Range, will repay a visit ; take R. R. from Albany to Philomatli, road
3 miles, trail 5 miles. Trail runs up
through untouched forest ; 011 summit
is a large grassy pasture and a fine view of the Cascade Mts., including nine
snowclad peaks.
Portland. Go up on the Heights
and reconnoitre. Take trolley-car to
Columbia slough for flower-loving
insects. Do not miss trip by steamer
up Columbia River to Hood River or
Dalles east of Cascades, - an all-day
ride. From Hood River one may go
by stage to Cloud Cap Inn at timber-
line on Mt. Hood.
Western Washington is much like the
Willainette Valley, but more thickly
wooded. For forests try Ainslie or
Napavine; for open mixed country
Chehalis or Centralia. Tenino is very
good, - stream, forest, clearings, prai- rie pastures, etc. Treeless gravel plains at Yelm Prairie. Fine old forests in
vicinity of Wilkesou and Carbonado,
-by R. R. from Tacoma. Tacoma
presents a good variety on the outskirts of the city,-salt-marshes, fields, forests, lakes and gravel plains 6 to 10 miles
so~ithwest.
These are afew of the more desirable
localities and chiefly those with which
I became personally acquainted. There
are, of course, many intermediate
points that will repay examination if a
relatively small area is covered or a
particular section is to be investigated. The coastwise country may be reached
by steamers from San Francisco or
Portland and thence from port to port
as opportunity offers, or in some cases by railroad or stage. If preferred, one
may, at a slight increase of expense,
secure a ticket over the Coast division
of the So. Pacific R. R. between Los
Angeles and San Francisco, thus reach-
ing Santa Barbara, the Salinas Valley,
and other portions of this region. A
trip to the Yosemite Valley may be
made from San Francisco (by steamer
to Stockton, etc.) for less than from
Bereuda, the usual approach.
BUTTERFLY LIFE IN THE TROPICS OF INDIA.
[In a recent paper by Messrs. David-
son, Bell and Aitken on the butterflies
of the North Canara district of the Bom- bayPresidency,inwhich particular attcn-
tion is paid to the early stages, we find the following passage, which presents
in a few words a striking contrast to
what is found in temperate regions and
which may therefore interest our
readers.]
Collectors in other parts of India often write of the number of broods in the
vear in terms which imply more reg-
ularity than we have observed in this
moist and equable climate. We are
not inclined to think that the majority
of species here have any fixed number
of broods in the year. One generation
succeeds another as fast as conditions
permit. It would be
difficult to name




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