Article beginning on page 426.
Psyche 7:426-428, 1894.

Full text (searchable PDF)
Durable link: http://psyche.entclub.org/7/7-426.html

The following unprocessed text is extracted from the PDF file, and is likely to be both incomplete and full of errors. Please consult the PDF file for the complete article.

426 PS YCHB. [September fiyli.
Smith, J. B. The pear-borer [Agrilua
sinuatus] again. p. 448.
Sirrine, F. A. The pernicious scale on
Long Island. p. 449. .
Vol. S. (1895) contains the following :- S., R. A. and Editor.
The chestnut weevil.
[Balaninus sp 1. 11. 8.
Anon.
[Notice of Smith's San Jose scale].
p. 60.
[Slingerland, M. V.1. Insects injurious to fruits, p. 79.
Wright, W. C.
The gypsy moth in Massa-
chusetts. p. 108.
[Hubbard,. II. G.
Effects of cold weather on
insects in Florida]. p. 140.
Goff, E. S.
The kerosene attachment for
spraying pumps.
p. 143, fig. 21-22.
Weed, H. E.
Kerosene attachment for knap-
sack spray pumps.
p. 186-187, fig. 29.
Orpet, E. 0. Insect pests. p. 187.
Christ, 1-1.
An enemy [Steganoptycha pini-
colana] of the larch on the high Alps. p. 238-239-
Cockerel!, T. D. A.
New facts about scale
insects. 1. p. 244.
Anon. [Notice of Slingerland's Cigar-case bearer]. p. 270.
Anon.
[Ravageb of Orgyia leucostigma ill
Boston]. p. 300.
[Southwick, E. B.] The tussock moth,
Oi-gyia leucostigma. p. 308.
Lowe, V. H. The white-marked tussock
moth, Orgyia Icucostigma, in western New York. p. 314-315. fig. 43.
Jack. J. G. Another herbarium pest (Ephes- tia interpunctella).
p. 323-324, fig 45.
A., S. J. Fighting the elm-leaf beetle. p. 346-347-
Smith, J. B. Why certain hickories died
[Ravages of borers].
p. 352-253. fig. 49.
Britton, W. E. The columbine leaf-miner. Phytomyza aquilegiae.
p. 443-444, fie. 61,
Anon. [Raupcnleitnl. p. 470.
Cockerell, T. D. A.
Scale insects liable to
be introduced into the United States. p. 513. Anon. [The cabbage maggot. Antlioin~ia
14 February, 1896. The 19th meeting
was held at 156Brattle St., Mr. S. H. Scudder in the chair.
Prof. C, M. Weed read his presidential
address for 189.5 on the Hibernation of
Aphides.
In continuation of his remarks at the last meeting, Mr. A. G. Meyer said the cells from the scales of Lepidoptera were modified hypo- dermic cells and homologous with hairs.
The pigment of the scales is derived from the blood, a haemolymph, of the chrysalis, which fills the scales while the pigment is forming. The haemolymph is an alhumin-
ous fluid containing a strong acid; its min- eral bases contain a large amount of iron and also potassium and sodium in small
quantities. The following facts confirm the statement that the pigments of the mature wings arc derived from the blood of the
chrysalis. The red band on the hind wing of Smia -cecropia becomes yellow by the
addition of hydrochloric or nitric acid, but its red color is restorcd by ammonia.
The
blood of the pupa of that species when treated with warm nitric acid becomes yellow, and is changed to orange-red by ammonia; the application of hydrochloric or nitric acid again turns ityellow, the color being restored by ammonia, exactly as is the case with the red color of the mature wing.
Also, if the
blood of Callosnmiu prowetheu is treated with hydrochloric acid nnd a minute crystal of chloratc of potash at a gentle heat, it becomes purple, but is blackened to a drab color by nitric acid. The purple spots near the outer edge of the hind wingof the female moth are similarly bleached to a drab color upon application of nitric acid.
Most of the
colors of the wings are probably derived from the blood of the chrysalis by processes of oxydation.
In answer to questions, Mr. Meyer stated that it was in the last stages of the pupa that the pigment was developed ; and that colors



================================================================================

September i8t)b 1 p.s' Tf;fiTE. 427
other than those due to pigment were tie- veloped earlier.
Mr. S. H. Scudder called attention to an article in the Boll. Soc. Rom. Stud. zool. on the rearing of Sarco$/iayus &zis from the top of the head of a child.
He also read a paper by Mr. H. F. Wick-
ham on myrmecophilous Coleoptera, and
exhibited a collection of Satyrid larvae. Mr. J. W. Folsom showed a copy of a new
journal of entomology in Japanese, published at Tokio; and nlso read some notes on the oviposltion of two species of Thiznaos, ex- hibiting specimens, which led to a discus- sion on the food plants of our species of Thanaos.
Prof. C: M. Weed remarked briefly on the insects found by him in a recent trip to Ber- miidii. He found few Coleoptera. Hyme-
noptera and Diptera were nioi't abundant, especially the smaller species. Hemiptera were rather numerous. Among the Lepid-
optera, Juxonia coe?zia ami Anosin ĺ´ple'x/$/t~ were the only hutterflies commonly abroad, and several sphingids were seen. 01th~~- tera were rather scarce, cockroaches excepted. A large West Indian centipede and some
other myriapods were abundant and ~)pider& were niimerous.
April 9, 1896, The ~ ~ 1 s t meeting was held at 1.56 Brattle St., Mr. A. P. Morse in the chair. Mr. J. W. Folsom was chosen secre- tary pro tern.
The secretary was directed to send n- vote of thanks to Dr. John Hamilton for his gift of two bound volumes of this papers on Cole- optera.
Mr. S. 11. Scudder exhibited the eggs of Neojhasia me,ia$ia laid in a row on a pine needle in July, 1895 and now about to hatch. They were obtained by Mr. James Fletcher in British Columbia.
Mr. J. W. Folsom made; some extended
remarks upon Thysanura he had recently
found and which were to he published in
Psyche and the Canadian entomologist.
Just Published, by Henry Holt & Co., New York. Scudder's Brief Guide to the Com-
moner Butterflies.
By SAMUEL H. SCUDUER, xi + 206 pp.
12mo. $1.25.
An introduction, for the young student, to the names and sumething of the relationship and lives of our commoner butterflies. The author has selected for treatment the butter- flies, less than one hundred in number, which would be almost surely met with by an in- dustrious collector in a course of a year's or two year':' work in our Northern States east of the Great Plains, and in Canada. While all the apparatus necessary to identify these hutterflies, in their earlier as well as perfect stage. is supplied, it is far from the author's purpose to treat them as if they wercso many mere postage-stamps to be classified and ar- ranged in a cabinet. He has accordingly
added to the descriptions of the different spe- cies, their most obvious stages, some of the curious facts concerning their periodicity and their habits of life.
Scudder's The Life of a Butterfly.
A Chapter in Natural History for
the General Reader.
By SAMUFJ.' H. SCUDDER. 186 pp. 16mo.
$1.00.
In this bouk the author has tried to present in untechnical language the story of the life of one of our most conspicuous American
butterflies. At the same time, by introduc- ing into the xccount of its anatomy, devel- opment, distribution, enemies, and seasonal changes some comparisons with the more or less dissimilar structure and life of other but- terflies, and piu'ticularly of our native forms, he has endeavored to give, in some fashion and in brief space, a general account of thc lives of the whole tribe. By using a single butterfly as a special text. one may discourse at pleasure of many: and in the limited field which our native butterflies cover, this meth- od has a certain advantage from its simplicity and directnes5.




================================================================================

428 ps YCflE. [September 1896.
THE SEVENTH VOLUME OF PSYCHE
Began in January, 1894, and continues through three years. The subscription
price (payable in advance) is $5.00 per volume, or $2.00 per year, postpaid. Tlie
numbeis will be issued. as in Vol. 6, on the first day of every rnorith and will con- tain at least 12 pages each. No more than tins was promised for the sixth volume but the numbers have actually averaged more than 16 pages, and in addition 21 plates have been given and more than 50 other illustrations. We prefel to let performance outrun promise, but when a larger subscription list warrants it, we shall definitely increase the number of pages. Vols. 1-6, Complete, Unbound, - Now sold for $29.00, Vols. 1-6, and Subscription to Volume 7, - - $33.00. The Butterflies of 'the Eastern United States and Canada. With special reference to New England.
By SAMUEL H. SCUDDER
Illustrated with 96 plates of Butterflies, Caterpillars, Chrysalids, etc. (of which 41 are colored) which include about 3,000 Figures besides Maps and Portraits. 19.58 Pages of Text.
Vol. I. Introduction; Nyrnphaliclae.
Val. 2. Remaining Families of Butterflies. Volr3. Appendix, Plates and Index.
The set, 3 vols., royal 8v0, half levant, $75.00 net. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO.,
4 Park St., Boston, Mass.
A. SMITH & SONS, 269 PEARL STREET, New York. EASlJFiCTLiltEKS AKU IXPUETERS OF
GOODS FOR ENTOMOLOGISTS,
Klaeger and Carlsbad Insect Pins, Setting Boards, Folding Nets, Locality and
Special Labels, Forceps, Sheet Cork, Etc. Other articles are being added, Send for List, --
JOHN AKHURST,
TAXIDERMIST AND DEALER iv ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES. Kine Carlsbader Insect Pins a ipe-
cialty.
Price List sent on itpplication.
78 Ashland Place,
IMPROVED ENTOMOLOGICAL FORCEPS. BROOKLYN, Pi. Y.



================================================================================