Article beginning on page 252.
Psyche 7:252-253, 1894.

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comparisons, the characters of Besseria
being taken from the figures and
descriptions given by the authors above
mentioned. For the sake of uniformity,
it will be assumed that the sex having
PSYCHE. [June itw-
front of male destitute of orbital bristles. Face perpendicular, in profile strongly con- cave ; epistoma projecting.
Facial ridges bare.
Third joint of antennae less than twice as long as the second.
Genitalia of female nearly as broad as the abdomen, incapable of being concealed
within the latter.
From this it will be seen that not
only are these two genera not identical, but their differences are so great that it becomes a matter of much surprise that
the authors above mentioned, who have
the process on the second ventral seg-
ment is the female, to which sex the
above authors assign it, although in the genus Celatoria this form ~~ndoubtedly
represents the male :-
Front of male hearing two pairs of orbital bristles.
Face retreating, in profile strongly convex ; epistoma retreating.
Facial ridges bristly to or beyond the middle. Third joint of antennae at least four times as long as the second.
Genitalia horny, not broader than the tibia, capable of concealment in a groove on
the venter,
not hesitated to establish new gcnera
on very trivial characters, s11o~ild have arrived at the conclusion that these two forms are one and the same.
THE LARVA OF
BUTALIS BASILARIS ZELL. : THE RELATIONS
OF ITS SETAE.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, NEW YORK CITY.
In Butalis hasilaris Zeller (deter-
mined by Prof. C. H. Fernald) we have
a Tineid larva which lives an exposed
life. Its superficial resemblance to a
Pterophorid is extremely close and it
lives in the same situations. The
larvae were found eating into the
young leaves and buds at the ends of
the growing shoots of the blackberry in
June and again in August, at Keene
Valley, N. Y.
Larva. Cylindrical, the abdominal feet
slender, the circular planta with a ring of six crochet6 regularly distributed. No second- ary hairs; setae long, with flattened or winged-furcate ends, arising from cylindrical produced tubercles; i and ii approximate, their bases fused; iii lateral, iv and v united, vi subventral posteriorly, vii of three setae on the anterior side of the base of the foot; viii very small, next mid-ventral line. Color of the body shining green, closely adapted to the color of the young leaves; setae and tubercles white, adding a mossy appearance to the larva and causing it to still further resemble the leaves. Head slightly testa- ceous; width ,6 mm., length of larva 5 mm. When mature the larva spins a cocoon of a coarse open network of silk at the ground



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June 1895.1 PSYCHE. 258
and transforms to a pupa therein. The pupa is of the " incomplete" type (Chapman) and emerges from the cocoon at the time of exit of the moth.
The arrangement of the setae of the
larva is very interesting, as it affords an example from the Tineidae of the
arrangement characteristic of the An-
throcerid section of the Microlepi-
doptera, in which I have previously
included only a part of the Pteropho-
ridae, the Anthroceridae, Pryomorphi-
dae, Megaiopygidae and Eucleklac.
Thus different genera throughout the
Microlepidoptera exhibit an ascending
series, increasing in complexity and
differentiation of structure, culminating in the Eucleidae. This differentiation
follows certain definite lines and can be distinguished by a number of important
characters from the parallel series of
the Noctuina. The more important of
these are: (I) The conversion of
tubercle vii into a leg-plate in the
Noctuina. (2) The approximation of
the subdorsal and substigmatal tuber-
cles in the Microlepidoptera.
(3) The
cutting off of secondary warts from the
edge of the cervical shield on the
prothoracic segment in the Noctuina.
(4) The formation of a true wart by
tubercle iii on the meso- and post-
thoracic segments in the Microlepi-
doptera. Each of thcsc contrasts with
the opposite condition in the other
superfamily. I have made some dia-
grams to illustrate the series leading up to the Eucleidae, in which BtdaZis
basilaris forms a link. In this I have
not intended to trace certain side lines of development which occur.
Fig. I (PLziteZla porreclella) shows
the primitive arrangement, found in
certain lowly Tineidae. Fig. 2 (Sim-
aethis farianu) represents the usual
microlepidopterons type, in which
tubercles iv and v are united. Fig. 3
shows the present insect, in which i
and ii are also united. The next step
is the conversion of the single setae
into warts by reduplicatiun. It is
illustrated in fig. 4 (0xy)fUus @/-is-
celidactylus) where, however, there
:ire also sccond;iry hairs present. In
fig'. 5 (Ztio $rani) the warts have
become more consolidated and the
unequal development of the subventral
ones is seen. Here the soft hairs begin
to be transformed into sharp spines.
In fig. 6 (MegaZopyge crisfata) the
suhventral tubercles are still further
reduced, and finally in fig. 7 {Siliine
stirnulea} we. reach the Eucleid form,
in which the subventrals are absent,
the substigmatal wart has been reduced
to two very obscure setae ; representing iv and v, while the other warts are
prolonged and their hairs nearly com-
pletely converted into spines.




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