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Psyche 7:241-243, 1894.

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May 1895.1
Brauey, F. Ansichten iiber die paliiozo- fliigein der coleopteren. zool. Anz. ischen Insekten und deren Deutung.
Annal. K. K. naturh. Hohns. Wien. i,
pp. 86-126. 2 PI. 18%.
Redte~zhacher, yoseph. Vergleichende Stu- dien ueber das Fltigelge?ider der Insecten. (Annalen des K. K. Naturh. Hofrnus.
Bd. i, pp. 153-231.) 12 Pis. Wien,
1886. Abstr. by J. H. Cornstock in Amei-. Nat.,'xxi, pp. 932-934. 1887.
Braver, F. u. Redfenbacher, J. Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklung des Fliigelgeaders tier
Insekten. Zool. Anz, 1888, pp. 443-447.
Bonsdorf, A. VO?L Ueber die Ableitung
der Sculpt~~rverhEiltnisse bei dun Deck- Jahrg., xiii, 1890, pp. 342-346.
ffaase, Erich, Zw entwicklung der Fttigel- rippen der Schmetterlinge. Zool. Anz.,
xiv, 1891, pp. 116-117.
S'uler, A.
Zur Phylogenie und Ontogenie
des Fliigelgeiiders der Schmetterlinge.
Zeits. wissens. Zoologie, Iiii, pp. 597- 646. 2 PI. 1892.
Comstoch, y. H. Evolution and Taxonomy,
etc. Ithaca, N. Y. 1893.
Also the works of Kirby and Spence,
Burmeister, Doubleday, Herrich-Schaeffer, Westwood, lleer, Osten-Sacken, Scudder,
Adolph, Grnber, Dyar, Kolbe, Packard, etc. THE GENUS OXYPTILA.
BY NATHAN BANKS, SEA CLIFF, N. Y.
Oxyptila is a genus of Thomisoid
spiders, described by Simon in 1864.
I consider the characters of this genus
in our fauna are that the quadrangle of
the M. E. is higher than broad, that
the P.
M. E. are closer to each othcr
than to the S. E., and that the body
bears clavate hairs. Thus I would not
place in the genus 0. cinerea Em.
(New Eng. Thomisidae), as it bears
no clavate hairs and as it has much the
appearance of a true Xysticzts. In 1877
Thorell described one species of this
genus, 0. cons$zrcata, from Colorado.
In ,1880 Keyserling described two
species, 0. georgiana and 0. neva-
densis. In 1882 Kyserling described a
third species, 0. mwroensis from Ft.
Monroe. Va. Dr. Marx in 1890
recorded this species frotn D. C. In
1892 I recorded both 0. georgiana and
0. co~.~$tt-rcata from Ithaca, N. Y. I
have since decided that 0. g-eorgiana
is the same as 0. cu?zsfurcata; at
least I can see no other than color
differences between forms which agree
with the descriptions ; and the form
which I recorded from New York as
0. georfiana is not that species, but is new. I have since received two other
new species and obtained 0. monro-
ensz".~ from Long Island. The six
species may be tabulated as follows :-
No spines above on metatarsus I, quite black species . . floridana. At least one spine above on metatarsus I . . 2. Two spines above on metatarsus I . tievademis. But one spine above on metatarsus I . - 3-



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242 PSYCHE. [May -895.
Dark spots on under side of coxae and trochanters, anterior legs all pale yellowish and not mottled . . . pacifica. Coxae and trochanters immaculate, or legs mottled . 4- ('Anterior legs considerably mottled except on tarsi and metatarsis, epi- å´nu divided into three cavities .
03
. amef'zcana.
( Anterior leg's unmottled, at least tibiae not spotted . :
, 5-
[Abdomen irregularly spotted, cephalothorax pale behind and near eyes, legs often quite pale . . conspurcata.
5
Abdomen regularly clotted, 'cepb~lothckx 'pale ' only behind, legs dark brownish . . ~nonroe~is.
o*j,ftj/a moni'oensis Keyserliug, - Cepha- lothorax dark brown on sides, paler in
middle especially behind; anterior legs dark brown, femora darker than other joints;
posterior legs with a dark band at tips of femora and one at base of tibiae; coxae and sternum brownish, abdomen dark brown
with a number of small pale dots arranged somewhat in rows. The epigynum consists
of a broad cavity somewhat like cof/spurcalci, but the posterior ridge is only slightly concave, and each end limited by a dark
oval body; the rounded lobe in front seems to have a cavity at tip; the two small pos- terior holes are quite close to each other. The legs are shorter than in 0. consfircafa. Ft. Monroe, Va. ; Washington,
D. C. ; Sea Clifl, N. Y.
OxypfiUt cons-pfircata Thorell. (0. g'eor- giana Keyserling.) - Cephalothorax reddish yellow, paler in middle, usually with some silvery white lines, white around eyes; the sides often nearly wholly uniform brown, or two brown stripes, the upper one broadest behind and ending in EL darker spot, legs pale yellowish or reddish brown, not mottled, the posterior pair with a black band at tip of femur, a black spot- on patella, and a basal black band on tibia; sternum yellowish or brownish; abdomen yellowish, anterior sides brown, two spots on anterior margin, often with silvery spots, and many black ones
which behind form three irregular dark
bands. The epigynum consists of a broad
cavity limited behind by a deeply emarginate line or ridge, which is most prominent on the sides, in front a rounded lobe projects caudad, from ciich of the small holes there projects an oblique dark body or cavity, the surface above is striate. This gives the appearance figured by Kcyscrling.
Colorado ; Ithaca, N. Y. ; Poug11-
lceepsie, N. Y. (G. Van Ingen) ; Aines,
Iowa (C. P. Gillette) ; Franconia,
N. H. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson) ; Beaver
Dam, Wis. (Mr. Snyder). Keyserling
recorded georg'iaeo from Georgia and
from Peoria, 111. Most of the northern
specimens have the four stripes on
cephalothorax; but in a large series
from Poughkeepsie both forms occur
and numerous gradations ; those with
four stripes usually have very pale legs. Oxyptila americw nov. sp. - Length
4.3 mm.
Ceptr;ilothorax pale, sides thickly
mottled with dark brown, darkest behind
and there including a pale spot; legs pale, mottled with dark brown, posterior femora. banded at tip and tibiae at base with brown or black; sternum with a dark brown central stripe behind, and sides with some brown spots; abdomen pale, anterior sides brown, anterior part of dorsum mostly pale, usually some dark spots, behind several irregular dark brown or black bands. Eyes about as usual, the M. E. equal, the quadrangle of



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May 1895.1 PSYCHE. 243
M. E. broader in front than behind, the
P. S. E. nearly as large as the A. S. E. The cephalothorax and abdomen with the usual clavate and spatulate hairs. Legs short and stout, the tibia I concave on outer margin near base; all femora with one spine above, femur I with one spine in front: tibia with two pairs beneath, metatarsus with three pairs beneath and one on each side. The
epigynum consists of three cavities, or
rather a large cavity divided in10 three portions by a broad plate; the two lateral cavities are somewhat elliptical, broader behind and contain in the posterior part an almost black, blunt projection, beneath and in front of which is a reddish similar one; the anterior cavily is broadly triangular with founded angles, and contains, projecting from beneath the posterior border, a broad, rounded, dm-k body; behind are the two
small holes as usual.
Three specimens, llhac;~, N. Y.,
beneath dead leaves in q~de marshy
ground. This species, which I formerly
regarded as 0. georgia~a (Cayuga
Lake Spiders), is quite distinct by its
pec~iliar epigynum, by its mottled legs, and by the two white spots above on
the cephalothorax.
Oxypfilaå´pacific nov. sp.-Length 4 mm.
Cephalothornx reddish yellow, paler above, white behind; sides sornewhak mottled with brown, almost forming a superior stripe
which is terminated behind by a black spot, brown and white markings around eyes; legs pale yellow, femora spotted with brown,
patellae I11 and IV with a black spot in front, a dark band at tip of femur and at base of tibia IV; sternum and coxne pale, a brown spot on each cox& and on each trochanter. Abdomen pale, with some silvery spots
above and two black spots on front margin, behind two or three irregular interrupted brown bands; venter pale, with a few bruwn spots. Eyes about as usual, the M. E. equal, 3. E. nearly equal. Cephalothorax and
abdomen with two sizes of clavate hairs, the larger size less numerous than the much
smaller ones. Legs short, femora with one spine above, femur I with one in front, tibia with two pairs below, metatarsus with three pairs below and one in front. The epigynum consists of a narrow transverse cavity
bounded behind by a deeply concave ridge, the sides continued and enlarged posteriorly, the anterior lobe some distance in front, two transverse lines between it and the posterioi ridge; behind are the two small holes, less than their diameter apart.
One female and one young male from
Olympia, Washington, collected by
Mr. Trevor Kincaid.
Oxyftila nevadefzsis Keys. -This appears to be a very good species, differing from all the others by having two spines on each side of metatarsus I, in thiit the A. M. E. are a little larger than the P. S. E., and in the different epigynum. The legs are mottled and femur I has three or four spines in front. I have never seen it.
Oxyptila floridam nov. sp. - Length
4 mm. Cephalothorax reddish yellow,
almost wholly covered with black markings, eyes surrounded by yellow, three oblong
yellowish spots above and two on each side lower down, mandibles black with a yellow spot in the middle, femora pale at base, with black patches, black at tip, tibia and patella almost wholly black, metatarsus black
beneath and in front, sternum nearly all black, coxae blackish, abdomen black with white dots, a large white spot on each ante- rior side, spinnerets white; whole body with a very fine scattered, glistening, silvery pubcsccnce. Eyes about as usual, ccphalo- thorax and abdomen with large and many
small clavate hairs; femora with one spine above, femur I with one in front, two pairs under tibia, three pairs under metatarsus,



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244 Ph'YCHE.. [May i895.
but none above.
The epigynum consists of
the slightest doubt as to what species it is. a shallow cavity divided behind by a septum Mr. Bean's paper is a very valuable one, but which is connected with the posterior ridge, in m.v opinion there is but one key to the in front are two transverse lines and further solution of all such problems in the Rhopa- in front the usual anterior lobe, behind each locera, and that is the study of many indi- side appears an oblique convoluted body vidual specimens representing the entire beneath the surface, and a curved ridge. geographical distribution. If it were possible to get many series of specimens of hecla, One specimen of this fine species elis, and meadii from the entire territory, from punts Gorda, Florida ; collected
in a line, from the home of the Arctic high- by Mrs. Annie T. Slosson.
lander to New Mexico, we would be able
to solve the problenl. I am inclined to
think that elis will he found to have a
COLIAS HECLA. greater range than is at present supposed. To show my opinion of the effect of distribu- Mr. Bean in an interesting paper in the
tion, I think where a species covers consid- April Psyche on "A Comparison of Colias erable territory that it would bequite possible hecia with Colias meadii and Colias elis" in many instance5 for one of experience in seems to think I made a blunder in describ- such studies to tell almost exactly from ing a pallid 9 form of hecla. It appears whence it came. By using measurements, to me quite illogical for Mr. Bean to etc., I think it would not be difficult to theorize in regard to the lesser degree of prove the Lapland hecla quite distinct from variation in hecla, and because the discovery the Greenland one, but get a series i-epre- of a pallid female somewhat interferes with aenting the intervening territory and your these theories, to assume that the identifica- new species will probably fall into the tion of the pallid female is
probably an second line. I should also state that Colias error. The specimen in question came nastes, which Mr. Bean thinks I mistook for from Northern Greenland, is bright, heanti- hecla, is not found in Greenland. fill and faultlessly perfect, and there is not Henry Skinner.
p~~ ~~-~ - ~
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