Article beginning on page 531.
Psyche 6:531-538, 1891.

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October 1891.J PSYCHE. 531
(Continued from ixtye 520.)
173. L. major, sp. nov. 8. The wings
have the same general appearance as in the preceding species. The basal area of the primaries is pale ferruginous defined out- wardly by a curved brown line followed by a broad transverse median band of darker
brown defined externally by a curved and sinuate dark brown line, which is produced upon the secondaries and is succeeded by a broad and somewhat diffuse brown line,
which in turn is followed by a sinuate series of cinereous hastate spots, as in the preced- ing species. The outer margin of the prim- aries shades into lilacine. At the end of the cell, there is a large and conspicuous round silvery white spot. The secindnries have the costa broadly dark brown with the outer margin broadly paler brown. The base and inner margin are pale stramineous. On the underside, the primaries are reddish-fuscous crossed by a broad transverse median band and clouded with blackish at the apex and on the outer margin. The secondaries are
reddish-brown heavily dusted with dark
brown scales and clouded with dark brown at the base. A broad sinuate transverse
median band of dark reddish-brown bordered externally and internally by blackish lines crosses the wing from the lobe on the costa to the first median nervule, and is succeeded toward the outer margin by a series of five or six blackish spots forming an irregular curved series and margined externally by pale gray.
9.
The female resembles the male in the
general color of the wings, but lacks the silvery spot upon the cell and all the mark- ings are not only much more obscure, but more intricate, the single transverse lines on the primaries in this sex being all geminate and darker, and the outer margin being
heavily clouded with blackish. The secon- daries are traversed by a broad and diffuse band of submarginal markings. The base
and the inner margin are obscure brown, as the rest of the wing. On the under side, the primaries are uniformly obscure brown with the outer margins and the apex heavily
clouded with blackish. The transverse
median band which appears in the male on the
under side of the primaries is wanting.
The under side of the secondaries is blotched and marbled with fuliginous upon a dark
brown ground in a most intricate manner. Expanse, 8 48 mm.
$ 68 mm.
Described from specimens taken in coitu. 174. L. marginefunctata, sp. nov. f.
Front, collar, and thorax pale fawn, inclined to ochraceous ; upper side of abdomen, lower side of thorax and abdomen and legs very pale fawn. The wingsare pale fawn, inclined to cinereous. The primaries are ornamented by a very pale ochraceous sub-basal curved line defined outwardly and inwardly by very narrow darker lines. This is followed by a lunulate silvery spot at the end of the cell, beyond which there is a straight transverse ochraceous limbal line, running from beyond the middle of the costa to the middle of the inner margin and marked externally and
internally by very narrow brown lines. A conspicuous series of blackish dots produced outwardly between the first and second
median nervules runs from the apex to the inner margin before the outer angle. The secondaries are cinereous and the submar- ginal series of blackish dots is continued upon them. The wings on the under side
are pale cinereous, the markings of the upper surface reappearing faintly upon them. The fringes are separated from the body of the wing by a very fine black line and are
obscurely checkered. Expanse, 35 mm.
GASTROPACHA, Ochs.
171;. G, cinerascems, sp. nov. 3. Allied in the form of the wings to G.
Gerstackerii.
Dew., but widely different. The body is pale cinereous, as also the upper side of both wings. There is a very irregular and obscure sub-basal line followed by a trifid silvery Parks 6 53 1-538 tprc-1903). ht~@lpsyclir cnlclub orgW6-5-H.html



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[October 1893.
spot at the end of the cell, succeeded by a band of transverse limbal markings, lunulate in form, whitish, and margined externally and internally by dark brown, succeeded by an interrupted submarginal series of obscure blackish spots. The secondaries, which are pale ashen like the primaries, have a large translucent circular spot at the end of the cell, and the lines of the primaries are continued upon the secondaries. On the under side the markings of the upper side reappear, but far more sharply defined and darker in color. Both wings, furthermore, are heavily clouded on the median area with dark slaty-gray. 9.
The female does not differ materially
from the male, except
in the much greater
size and the corresponding' modifications of outline and the much greater obscurity of the transverse markings. Expanse, 3, 65
mm. ; 9, 95 nim.
The female in my possession was reared
from a cocoon about three inches in length and three-fourths of an inch in diameter, which was found attached to the
trunk of a
tree. The cocoon is whitish in color, the exterior compacted of silk mingled with the whitish hair and the short but sharp blackish spines of the larva. The inner layers of the cocoon are hard and coriaceous. The chry- salis is relatively long, black, smooth, and without a cremaster. The insect may be
distinguished from G. Gerstdckerii by its uniformly cinereous color and the absence of the broad mesial band of dark brown which characterizes the latter species.
LASIOCAMPA, Schrank.
176. L. vi~idescens, sp. nov.
f. Culmen
of antennae pale yellow ; setae dark brown ; body olive-green throughout with the end of the abdomen tufted with reddish hair. Upper side : Primaries olive-green clouded with reddish-brown on the costa and along the outer margin, traversed by a sub-basal and geminate transverse median brown line.
There is at the end of the cell a small linear brown discal dot. The outer third of the wing is ornamented by an irregularly curved and denticulate series of lilacine-brown mark- ings, which are immediately followed exter- nally by a pale green band conformed to the outer margin of these darker markings. The secondaries are brown, darker at the base, where they are heavily clothed with hair. The fringes on the secondaries are narrow and uniformly pure white. On the under
side both wings are brown laved on the
costae with pinkish. The marks of the
upper surface of the primaries reappear indis- tinctly on the lower side.
The secondaries
have a dark pinkish-brown incomplete trans- verse line running from the costa and ter- minating about the middle of the cell.
The
outer margin is grayish-white.
The fringes
are white as upon the upper side. Expanse, 43 mm.
There is a specimen of this species un-
named in the collection of Mr. Herbert
Druce of London.
177, I-" immundu, sp. nov. 3. Upper
side of thorax and abdomen brown, the
thorax somewhat hoary.
The under side of
the body and the legs paler brown. The
upper side of the primaries is of the same color as the thorax shading into pale hoary- brown on the outer margin. There is a
small silvery dot at the end of the cell. The primaries are crossed by obscure dark brown geminate sub-basal and median transverse bands. There is a submarginal series of
sinuous and denticulate narrow brown lines. The secondaries are pale at the base, inclin- ing to ferruginous, with the outer margins broadly brownish-fuscous. On the under
side, both wings are pale brownish-fuscous; both are crossed by obscure and diffuse
transverse median bands.
9.
The female differs from the male in
having the tips of the patagia and inner margin and outer angle of the primaries
laved with pale ochraceous.
There are also
a few obscure whitish submarginal lines




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October 1893.1
PSYCHE.
below the apex. On the under side both
wings are dark fuscous with no traces of the transverse median bands. Expanse, 8 58
mm.; 9 75 mm. Habitat Kangwg and
Benita.
This species differs somewhat in the
ground color. Some of the males before
me are much paler than the type.
178. 4. leucophaea, sp. nov. 8. Front,
collar, and thorax dark vandyke brown;
upper side of abdomen paler, inclining at anal extremity to hoary-gray. The legs
and lower side of thorax and abdomen dark vandyke brown. Upper side: The prim-
aries at the base are dark vandyke brown marked with a few bright ferruginous scales. The outer margins are lilacine-gray.
There is a small silvery dot at the end of the cell. The wing is further ornamented by geminate sub-basal and geminate transverse median angulated lines of obscure blackish and a submarginal series of pale ochraceous denticulate lines running from the apex to the inner margin before the outer angle. The secondaries are broadly vandyke brown on the costa with the remainder ot the
wing uniformly pale vandyke brown, shad- ing into grayish on the outer margin.
Under side : Both wings are uniformly pale grayish-brown. The secondaries have the
fringes, which are narrow, pale gray, and the inner margin a trifle lighter than the rest of the wing. Expanse, 48 mm.
9. The female is marked almost precisely like the male, but is much larger, the pre- valent color being a warm pinkish-brown. Expanse, ,3' 45 mm. ; $ 65 mm.
I have a good series of this species ex
larva. They emerged from the cocoon in
the latter part of August and early Sep- tember, having pupated between July 28th and August 17th. I shall in a future paper furnish a full description of the larvae. 180. L. minima, sp. nov. 8. Front,
collar, and upper side of the thorax warm reddish-brown. Upper side of abdomen pale pinkish-brown; legs and under side of the body pale pinkish brown, the anterior margins of the legs being marked with dark brown. Upper side : The primaries are pale pinkish- brown of the same color as the upper side of the abdomen with a dark brown band of the same color as the upper side of the thorax extending obliquely from the costa at the base to the outer angle. The apical third of the wing below the costa is clouded with". the same dark brown color. There is a'-
small silvery spot at the end of the cell, and-f very narrow and obscure angulated trans- verse basal, median, limbal, and submar- ginal lines. The secondaries are pale
pinkish brown of the same shade as the
upper side of the abdomen and have an
obscure incomplete transverse median line on the costa. On the under side, both wings are pale pinkish-brown, the dark lines of the upper surface reappearing very faintly and 179. L. Zutescens, sp. nov. $. Allied to obscurely upon this side. Expanse, 30 mm. the preceding species, from which it may be distinguished by its uniformly smaller size, warmer coloration, and the invariable pres- SATURNIIDAE.
ence of a broad patch of yellow on the inner CYRTOGONE, Walk.
margin near the outer angle and a smaller patch of yellow near the base about the 181. C. Zichenodes, sp. nov. 3. Front origin of the first median nervule; also by and collar dark brown ; patagia vandyke the invariable presence of several silvery brown sprinkled with hoary scales. The white lunulate markings on the primaries middle of the thorax and the upper side of below the apex; otherwise this species does the abdomen are whitish, hoary, marked not materially differ from the preceding. with a line of black spots on the dorsal line



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534 PSTCLfB. [October 1893.
of the abdomen, and by a lateral row of simi- lar spots on either side of the abdomen above the spiracles. The pectus and legs and the lower side of the abdomen are rich dark
brown. The tarsi are ringed with pale yel- lowish. Upper side : The primaries are
olivaceous-gray, shading at the apex and on the outer margin near the middle into pale ochraceous. They are profusely sprinkled with transverse linear greenish-gray striae. There is an interrupted sub-basal line cross- ing the lower end of the cell and curving outwardly to near the middle of the inner margin. This line is rich velvety black. The outer angle and the apical third of the wing are clouded with vandyke brown and
marked by exceedingly intricate black curved zigzagged submarginal lines. The secon-
daries at the base and on the costa are van- dyke brown, shading into pinkish near the costa. The outer margin and the inner
margin are broadly vandyke brown marked
with a multitude of minute blackish striae and spots. A zigzag black line runs from the inner margin above the anal angle toward the outer margin. On the under side, the primaries have the base and the inner margin broadly laved with pink; the costa, the
apical third, and the outer margin pale
fuliginous dotted and streaked with exceed- ingly intricate spots and lines of blackish, with two or three silvery white dots upon the costa near the middle. The secondaries have the same color and style of marking as the apical third of the primaries. The gen- eral effect of the marking and coloration strongly suggests some forms of lichens, hence, the specific name. Expanse, 58 to 65 mtn. Habitat Kangwc! and Benita. Taken
in the month of January.
Mr. Kirby in his synonymical catalogue
refers Cyrtogone, Westw., to the Pinaridae, but without propriety. I have carefully de- nuded the wings of a specimen of the above species, which I compared with the types of the genus in the Biitish Museum. and
find the neuration to be strictly Saturniid. Westwood was right in his location of the genus. It has nothing in common with
Pinara or Gonometa, the typical genera of Mr. Kirby's group.
ARBELIDAE.
LEBEDODES, gen. nov.
Allied to Rncaama$tera, Hpsn.
The palpi
minute, porrect ; antennae of male relatively short, bipectinated to tips, the branches gradually diminishing in length from the base to the tip; legs hairy; tibiae with long terminal spurs. Fore wings with veins
seven, eight, and nine stalked together. Hind wings with no bar between vein seven and eight; vein eight long running nearly parallel to the costa as far as the apex; the areole is divided in the middle by a narrow up- right bar; veins three and four from the end of the cell ; veins five and six from the upper and lower angles of the areole. Type L.
cossda, Holl.
Neuration of L. cossula, Holl., if
182. L. cossda, sp. nov. 3. Extremity of abdomen projecting for half its length beyond the inner margin of the secondaries. Front and collar pale mouse color; patagia dark blackish-brown, margined internally by
mouse color; upper side of thorax mouse
color; upper side of abdomen mouse color inclining towards the anal extremity to pale ochraceous and ornamented on the dorsal
line immediately back of the metathorax by a large patch of brown, or blackish hairs.



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October 1893.1
PSYCHE.
The under side of the body and the legs are mouse color. The primaries and the secon- daries on the upper side are mouse color, shading slightly on the inner margin into brownish. The inner margin from the base to the middle below vein one is dark, black- ish-brown. The wings are crossed by a num- ber of brownish transverse striae and marked on the outer third by a straight transverse brown line running from the costa two-thirds of the distance from the base to the outer angle, where it unites with a similarly colored curved submarginal brown line. The secon- daries are marked on their inner two-thirds by numerous, narrow, transverse brown striae. On the under side, both wings are paler than on the upper side and the markings of the upper surface faintly reappear. Expanse, 50 mm .
METARBELA, gen. nov.
Allied to Arbela, Moore, but differing in the following particulars :
The antennae are
relatively shorter than in the genus Arbela ; the primaries have a bar between veins nine and ten a little beyond the origin of vein seven, which together with vein eight are emitted from vein nine. The existence of this bar results in the formation of a secon- dary cell beyond the true cell. In the secon- daries, vein one has two branches, whereas in Arbela there are three; and veins six and seven are stalked, whereas in Arbela
they spring directly from the cell. Type Mefarbela stivafer, Holland.
Metarbela stivafer Holl., (Cf. Hampson, Moths of India,~. i, p. 315, for neuration of Arbela). 183. M. stivafee sp. nov. 3. The
palpi brown ; front very light brown ; collar and patagia darker brown; upper side of
thorax and abdomen clothed with golden-
ochraceous hairs ; the lower side of thorax and abdomen covered with long silky pale ochraceous scales. The primaries on the
upper side are pale ochraceous with the outer margin fading into pale cinereous. The
fringes are a trifle darker than the marginal portion of the wing. The body of the wing below the cell and beyond it toward the
outer margin is clouded with brownish
irregular markings. On the lower margin
a well defined silvery line runs from the base to the outer angle. This line is curved
strongly beyond the base forming almost a semi-circle from the base to the origin of the first median nervule, and then runs along this nervule as a straight line to the outer angle. Midway between the outer angle and the
origin of the median
nervule a white silvery
spot appears and is confluent with the silvery line on its lower side. The lower margin of this silvery line
is sharply defined by dark
brown. The secondaries are uniformly very pale fuscous. On the under side, both wings are pale fuscous. Expanse, 25 to 30 mm.
I have a series of sixteen males of this species, but no females. I give it its specific name from a fancied resemblance to the out- line of a plough-tail which the silvery marks upon the primaries present when viewed
from in front.
ADDENDA TO BOMBYCIDAE.
ARCTIIDAE.
AUTOMOLIS, Hubn.
184. A. Ehrmanni, sp. nov. 9. Anten-
nae black; palpi and front crimson; collar bluish-green margined above with crimson ; patagia crimson ; upper side of thorax crim. * stiva = a plough-tail ; ferre = to bear.



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PSYCHE.
[October 1893-
son ; upper side of abdomen with the somites bluish-green, heavily bordered on their hind margins with crimson. The lower side of
the thorax and abdomen is crimson with the legs bluish-green. The primaries on the
upper side are smoky-brown with the outer angle laved with ferruginous. There is a subtriangular hyaline spot in the cell on its upper margin before the discocellulars. There is a subovate larger hyaline spot
below the cell near the origin of the first median nervule and a curved transverse
series of four hyaline spots beyond the cell, the largest situated between veins five and six. The secondaries are uniformly bright orange-red.
On the lower side, the prim-