Article beginning on page 523.
Psyche 6:523, 1891.

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September 1893.1 PSYCHE. 5-23
ON A FLESHY LEAF-GALL ON
SCRUB OAK.
BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND,
KINGSTON, JAMAICA.
On the leaves of euercus uzddata var.
w~ightii, growing near Riley's water, at the western base of the Organ Mountains, there were found some large thick fleshy woolly- looking galls, 'May 14, 1892. The following description is made from them.
Gall.-Measurements of five galls are as
follows : Greatest width (measured trans- versely on leaf), 18, 13, 15, 14, 17 mm. ; greatest length (meas. longitudinally on leaf), 17, 17, 14, 22, 21 mm. respectively ; greatest thickness, 8, 9, 11, 7, 8 mm. respectively. Gall consisting of a very marked thickening of the leaf, the thickened portion bulging out most conspicuously on the lower side of the leaf, beginning apparently usually about the middle of the leaf and gradually embracing nearly the whole of it, or all but a more or less complete margin ; but sometimes situated at one end or in the middle of a leaf. Mostly whitish in color, but with more or less of a reddish-brown tinge, covered with very short and fine woolly pubescence, the extent of the swelling indicated not only by the thickness but also by this pubescence, while the mid rib and side ribs of the leaf are plainly indicated in exaggerated relief on lower surface by the partial or entire absence of the pubescence ; ribs not indicated at all on upper surface. Irregular or rounded in outline, more or less flattened on upper surface of leaf, strongly convex and conspicuous on lower surface, the edges of the swelling bounded on lower sur- face by a hypertrophy of the small net-like veins of the leaf. Sometimes, in a smaller leaf, the lateral edges are embraced in the gall, which in that case bears laterally several of the margind spines of the leaf appearing as part of the gall, the lateral margin being more or less completely involved in the swell- ing.
Described from five alcoholic galls.
Color
noted when freshly picked. Opening the galls disclosed larvae and pupae ofa minute hymen- opteron (probably a cynipid), enclosed in small smoothly lined ellipsoidal cells, the latter about 4- mm. wide by 14 mm. long. The cells are mostly in the middle of the gall, and quite closely approximated, about equally distant from the upper and lower sides of the gall (corresponding to the upper and lower sides of the leaf), and with tlieir long axes perpendicular to the surface of the leaf. Dona Ana county, New Mexico.
ARCTIA YARROWI IN CANADA. - Although
this fine moth has been known for twenty years it appears to be still very rare in collec- tions. The description was based upon a
single male from Arizona in collections made by the Wheeler survey in 1871, '72 and '73. Mr. Stretch's description appeared in vol. 5 of the survey reports, chapter 9, pp. 800-802, and the moth is figured on plate 40. It is to be regretted that the altitude was not stated in the text. Among my few Heterocera refer- ences I find only one other mention of
yarrowi, in "Proceedings Davenport acad. nat. sciences", vol. I, p. 189, where occurs the statement that a pair (8 2) were col- lected in 1873 "high up above timberline7'on Washakie Needle, a mountain in north-
western Wyoming.
Near Laggan, Alberta Province, Canada,
during the past seven summers, I have found but five yarrowi, 3 3s 2 5'6, all of them above timberline on mountains five to six miles east of the British Columbia eastern bound- ary, at altitudes ranging from 7500 to 8500 feet. My examples differ to some extent on upper surface from the figure on plate 40. On inner margin of primary the two nearly marginal light spots near base of wing are relatively larger than in the figure, and on costal margin the two light spots near base have not the formal squareness shown in the figure but are irregularly rhomboidal. On hind wing the black spot of anal angle is Pswhe 6 52J-524 (pm.1903). ht~p://pyclir enlclub oref&l6.521 html



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524 PSYCHE. [September 1893
narrowly joined to the nearest median spot; in the figure these two spots are entirely sep- arate. The local examples are remarkable for bilateral symmetry, which the figure markedly lacks. The light markings of prim- ary in two of the local males are moderately more developed than in the Arizona male as figured.
The two females have these light
markings still more produced; in other re- spects they differ little from the males. Comparing the description of Arctia Yem- issa of Hudson Bay, doubtfully named by
Henry Edwards as a new
species (Entomo-
logica americana, January 1888, p. 184), I find my local examples true yarrowi as
distinguished from yemissa, and not close enough to the latter to give much aid in determining its validity as a species. The color of the light markings on anterior wing of yayyowi is described in the text as "clear lemon-yellow"; in description of yemissa it is stated as buff; in my local examplesof yayyowz' the color is buff, modified by a slight tinge of olive.
That yar~owi is strictly alpine in this
district is not certain, though strongly indi- c~ited by the facts so far learned.
If, in addi-
tion, its occurrence in Arizona should prove to be at low elevation, such a combination would make a most singular case in geo-
graphical distribution. Probably, however, its occurrence in Arizona is entirely alpine. Thomas E. Bean.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NOTES.-The Division
of Entomology of the United States depart- ment of agriculture, has issued a circular regarding the appearance this year of either race of the "seventeen year locust," asking for any confirn~atory experience as to the
appearance or non-appearance of the insects in any locality. Any evidence giving the extent of territory over which they appear or any well-attested dates of their appearance in previous years, will be thankfully received and appreciated. The following list is pre- pared from previous records.
Brood XV1.-Tredecim-(1880, 1893).
Alabama.-Lowndes County.
Georgia.-Cobb and Cherokee Counties.
Tennessee.-Lincoln County.
North Carolina.-Lincoln and Moore
Counties.
This brood is but little known, and -dl
require further confirmation this year.
Brood XI.-Septendecim-(1876, 1893).
North Carolina.-From Raleigh, Wake
County, to the northern line of the
State; also in the counties of
Rowan, Davie, Cabarrus, and Ire-
dell.
Virginia.-From Petemburg, Dinwiddie
County, to the northern line of the
State ; Bedford and Rockbridge
Counties; Valley of Virginia from
the Potomac River to the Tennessee
and North Carolina lines.
District of Columbia.-Woods north of .
Washington.
Maryland.-Southern half of St. Mary's
County.
Kentucky.-Trimble County.
Indiana.-Knox, Sullivan, and Posey
Counties.
Illinois. -Madison County.
Kansas.-Dickinson and Leavenworth
Counties.
Colorado.-Cheyenne Canyon.
This is a well-established brood, most of the localities in the Eastern States as well as those in Indiana and Illinois having been verified in the past years; but the localities in Kentucky and Kansas require confirma- tion, and that in Colorado is extremely
doubtful.
Professor Riley in his interesting address on parasitism in insects, printed in the Pro- ceedings of the entomological society of Washington, has, apparently, overlooked
the fact that the "genuine oestrid larva" recorded and figured by Packard as taken from under the skin of the back of the neck of the box turtle, Cistudo carolina, has been proved by Wheeler (Psyche, v. 5, p. 403) to be a species of Sarcophaga.




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