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Psyche 6:162-165, 1891.

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162 PSYCHE. [October 1891 -
A list of 73 species collected chiefly on the south- east side of the Gulf of St. Lawrence between Quebec and Gaspd; the species were identified by Dr. J. L. Leconte.
24 D'Urban, W. S. M. A systematic list
of Coleoptera found in the vicinity of Mon- treal. (Can. nat. and geol., 1859, v. 4, p. 307- 320 : 494-496.)
qS species are listed; some are not fully identified; nearly all were named by Dr. J. L. Leconte; a list of g species taken at Sore1 but not yet met with near Mon- treal is appended.
25 D'Urban, W. S. M. Catalogue of ani-
mals and plants collected and observed in the valley of the river Rouge and the neighbor- ing townships in the counties of Argenteuil and Ottawa. (Rep. progr. Can. geol. surv., 1858, 1859, p. 226-243.) (Can. nat. and geol., 1860, v. 5, p. 81-86.)
OQ determined species of Coleoptera are listed on p. 333-337; several undetermined species are indicated and 34 species from L'Orignal and Grenville are enu- merated on p. 237.
26 D'Urban, W. S. M. Catalogue of Co-
leoptera collected by George Barnston, Esq., of the Hon. Hudson's Bay Company, in the Hudson's Bay Territories. (Can. nat. and geol., 1860, v. 5, p. 227-229.)
88 species are listed; a few are not fully identified; Dr. J. L. Leconte furnished the list.
27 Dury, Charles. List of the Coleoptera observed in the vicinity of Cincinnati. (Journ. Cinc. soc. nat. hist., 1879, v. 2, p. 162-178.) Separate : 17 p.
1443 species and varieties are listed.
28 Dury, Charles. Coleoptera of the vicin- ity of Cincinnati. (Journ. Cinc. soc. nat. hist., 1882, v. 5, p. 218-220)
167 species are added to the list.
29 Dury, Charles. Notes on Coleoptera,
with additions to the list of the Coleoptera of Cincinnati. (Journ. Cinc. soc. nat. hist., 1884, v. 7, p. 91-92.)
12 species are added.
30 Fay, H. T. On winter collecting. (Proc. ent. soc. Phil.. 1862, v. I, p. 194-198.) 12 species of Coleoptera are listed taken in the vicin- ity of~olumbns, Ohio, during' the winter months. 31 Fletcher, James. List of diurnal Lepi- doptera and Coleoptera. (Rep. progr. Can. geol. surv., 1887-88, 1889, p. 75 J.)
21 species of Coleoptera taken on the south coast and islands ot James Bay are listed.
32 Gardiner, F. Jr. Coleoptera of the
white Mountains.
(Psyche, 1879, v. 2, p.
211-213.) Separate : 3 p.
89 species are listed with localities and altitudes. ON THE SPECIFIC DISTINCTNESS OF HALISIDOTA HARRISII, WITH NOTES ON THE PREPARATORY STAGES OF THE SPECIES OF HALISIDOTA INHABITING NEW YORK.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, YOSEMITE, CAL.
As is well known, two kinds of Hal-
isidota larvae inhabit the Atlantic states, differing only in color and in their food plants. Both were noticed by Harris,
and the form with black hair pencils
was figured by Smith and Abbot as H.
tessellaris. In 1863, Walsh separated
the forms as distinct species, indistin- guishable in the imago, and gave the
name H. harrisii* to the form with
*At first he gave the name antiphoza to the form with black hair pencils, Proc. Bost. soc. nat. hist., IX, 288, but subsequently corrected this. Proc. ent. soc. Phil., IIh413, 430.
orange hair pencils that is found on the sycamore. In Grote's list of 1882, har-
risii is given as a dimorphic larval
variety of H. tessellaris, and so it has been considered. However, it seems to
be a fact that harrisii occurs only on the sycamore and tessellaris ne Jer on that
tree, so that if the former is a variety of the latter, the variation must be due to the influence of the food-plant ; but I
have recently observed that the larvae
differ in their first stage, and it is hardly to be supposed that the food-plant would



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October 18911 PSYCHE. 163
influence them before hatching. More-
over, they differ in another important
particular, which has not so far been
recorded, namely, in the number of lar-
val stages. Harrisii has seven stages,
with a width of head at maturity of 3.3- 3.6 mm., while tesselZaris has nine stages and a width of head of 4.1-4.3 nim.
These measurements were derived from
a number of larvae raised in confinement, as well as from some found in nature,
and correspond, varying only within the
limits indicated.
I have not been able to find any dif-
ference in the markings of the imagos
bred from these two forms of larvae,
but an examination of the male genitalia reveals differences that appear to be
constant. In harrisi& the side pieces
are furnished on the lower side with two tapering, overlapping points, the lower
one longer than, and projecting beyond
the upper ; in tesseZZaris these points are also present, but the upper one is slightly longer than the lower, the two closely
ovei lapping, almost appearing as a
single point. The parts seem slighter
and more transparent than the corres-
ponding ones in harrisii.
From the
above facts, I conclude that Halisidota
harrisii Walsh,
ie a distinct species,
entitled to stand as
such in our lists.
The fact that it is not to be distin-
guished from H. tessellaris in markings
can not militate against this conclusion, as there is no essential reason why two
species should differ in markings except that they naturally would do so in most
cases, owing to their not intercrossing. We can hardly suppose that the special
markings of a species afford a means of
recognition for the individuals of it,
except in a general way, as this would
imply too nice discrimination in these
insects.
But that they can discriminate,
even in rubbed and faded examples
which would be the despair of an ento-
mologist, there can be little doubt,
though I can not believe that they do
this by the sens? of sight alone.
In New York state there are two
other species of Halisidota, namely H.
caryae and H. maculata, that stand to
each other in much the same relation as
H. tessellaris and H. harrisii. but the
differentiation seems to have progressed further, so that they are readily separable in the imago state. H. wyae has nine
stages, as I have already recorded in
Psyche, while H.maculata, has but seven
to judge from the last two, which are
all I have observed. In the last stage,
caryae has a width of head of about 4.3
mm., while maculata has one of 3.2-3.6
mm.
H ALISIDOTA HARRISII Walsh.
Egg. Rounded, obtusely conoidal, the
base flat ; very shiny pearly greenish white ; diameter 0.7 mm. Laid in a mass of about 20 on the under side of a leaf of the food-plant. First larval stage.
Head pale whitish,
eyes black, mouth brown ; width 0.4 mm.
Body whitish, the warts concoloi-ous, each bearing a single blackish hair.
Secondstage. As before except that the head is 0.6 mm. wide and the hair is more abun- dant, several from each wart, longest near the head. It is whitish, mixed with shorter stiff black hairs.
Third stage. Head as before, width 0.9 mm. Body whitish, with a row of blackish subdor- sal dashes on the middle segments. Warts



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164 PSYCHE. [October 1891.
concolorous with the body.
Hair whitish,
but black and shorter from the warts of row 3 on joints 4, 5 and 12. Longer white
hairs overhang the head.
Fourth stage.
Head pale whitish, labrum
and antennae white, jaws brown, ocelli black; width 1.3 mm. Body and warts whitish with a narrow, broken, black subdorsal line. Hair white with pencils of orange colored hair from the warts of row 2 on joint 4 and of white hair from row 3 on joint 12 besides short black ones from row 3 on joints 4, 5 and 11.
F~+th .?we.
As before ; width of head, 1.7
mm.
The pencils of hair are now arranged
as follows: mixed orange and white hair
from row 2 on joint 3, all orange from row 2 on joint 4, white from 3 on joint 12 and from 4 on joints 3 and 4, only slight on joint 3. Short black hairs from row 3 on joints 4, 5 and I I.
Spiracles black ringed.
Sixth stage. Width of head 2.5 mm.
Body whitish, a row of black spots surround- ing the white spiracles and another subven- rral row. Hair white, forming a ridge like a keel along the dorsal line. Pencils as in the mature larva.
Seventh stage. Head brownish testaceous, shiny, mouth and antennae white, eyes black, width 3.5 mm. Body sordid white, the warts arranged as in the other genera of the Arc- tiidae except that
row 4 is situated stigmat-
ally, posterior to the spiracles and the four ventral warts (row 7) are very small, situated, as usual, on the venter of the apodal segments (the ist, and, yth, 8th and 9th abdominal segments). Some irregular black subdorsal marks on joints 2 to 4 partly surrounding the warts of row 3 and some slight marks above the bases of the legs.
Spiracles white, in a
narrow black border. Hair pale straw color or very pale grayish, keeled on the dorsal line. From warts 2 on joints 3 and 4 a pencil of orange colored hairs; from warts 4 on joint 3 (slightly) and joint 4 and from warts 3 on joint 12 a pencil of white hairs; a few long hairs from the large wart on joint 13. Cocoon.
Composed of hairs and silk,
of
dense texture, but comparatively smooth, the hairs being laid on flat and not as with H. caryae.
Pu'pa. Thorax and abdomen enlarged, the
latter narrowing each way from the middle; abdominal segments appressed, motionless; cremaster represented only by 4 or 5 spiny hairs with their ends enlarged or curled. Body sparsely punctured, cases creased. Col- or shining dark mahogany. Length 15 mm., width 6.2 mm., height 5.7 mm.
Food-'plant. Sycamore (Acer 'pseudo-'plan- tams).
Larvae from Ulster county, N. Y.
HALISIDOTA TESSELLARIS Smith and Abbot.
Egg. Not observed.
First stage.
Head black, width 0.4 mm.
Body whitish shaded with yellow dorsally on joints 3, 4 and 12. Cervical shield warts and anal plate black, each wart bearing a single hair.
Second stage. Head 0.6 mm. wide. Body
as before but the hair is more abundant, sev- eral growing from each wart.
Third stage. Head black, labrum and
antennae white; width 0.9 mm. Body as
before, warts of rows I, 2 and 3 black and a subdorsal blackish line centrally. Hair more abundant, especially at the extremities. Fourth stage.
Head 1.3 mm. wide, colored
as before.
Body whitish, with large subdor-
sal orange spots posteriorly on joint 3 and anteriorly on joint 4 and on joint 12. The warts are arranged as in the mature larva, rows I, 2 and 3 are black, the rest pale. All the warts bear thin short, whitish hairs. Fzfth stage.
As before, but the head is 1.7
mm. wide, and from warts 2 on joint 4 grow pencils of black hair, from row I on joint 12 the same but the two converge over the dor- sum to form a single tuft. White pencils from wart 3 on joint 12. Other hair whitish, longer hairs overhanging the head and pos- terior extremity. The dorsal region of the body is blackish, the sides pale. Spiracles white, distinct.




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October 1891 .I
PSYCHE.
Sixth stage. Head shiny black, labrum
and antennae white ; width 2.1 mm. Body
black above, whitish below, the hair gray and the pencils now arranged
as in the mature
larva.
Seventh stage. Head black, labrum and
bases of antennae white; width 2.7 mmm
Body black, obscured by the thick hair; ab- dominal feet whitish; spiracles white. From warts 2 on joints 3 and 4 and from warts 3 on joint 12 grow pencils of long black hair and from warts 4 on joints 3 and 4 and from the large wart on joint 13, thinner pencils of white hair. Other hair even and close,
keeled on the doi-sum, light drab or dull ochre.
Warts gray, except warts 3 on joint
12, which
are pale and have orange about
their bases. Only traces of the orange
marks on joints 3 and 4.
Eighth stage. As before. Head 3.5 mtn.
wide; body velvety black, the hair on the dorsal ridge appearing somewhat darker
than elsewhere.
Ninth stage.
Head black and shiny, la-
brum and antennae white; width 4.3 mm.
Body black, marked as in the seventh and eighth stages. Spiracles white. Thoracic feet testaceous ; the abdominal, pale. Cei-vi- cal shield black, bisected. Hair drab or dull ocher yellow, the pencils as before, but now I I mm. long'. The warts are arranged as in H. harrisii.
Cocoon. Composed of hairs and silk, of
dense texture, but comparatively smooth, the hairs being laid on flat.
Pufia.
Like that of H. hayrisii.
Foodplants Nearly all deciduous trees
except the sycamore. The larvae here des- cribed in the first stage occurred on beech (Fagm) .
Larvae from DuLchess county, New York.
HALISIDOTA MACULATA Harris.
Sixth stage.
As in the following stage
except that the hair is less abundant, not obscuring the body. Width of head 2.3 mm. Seventh stage. Head rounded, smooth
shiny black, labrum and bases of antennae white; a few hairs; width 3.4 mm. Body
black, thoracic feet shiny black, the abdom- inal ones
white with black hairs and whitish
claspers, their minute hooks brown.
Spira-
cles white. The warts are black, arranged as in the other species of Halisidota, namely : row I a wart on joints 5-12 inclusive, situ- ated anteriorly; row 2 subdorsal and row 3 lateral on joints 2-13, small on joint 2 and coalesced on joint 13 ; row 4 posterior to the spiracles ; rows 5 and 6 in the subventral space, and row 7 four very small warts on the venter of the legless segments. All the warts bear spreading tufts of yellow feathery hair, brighter in color than that of H, tessel- lan's. From warts I on joints 5-12 on the upper side, grow black tufts forming a row of square dorsal tufts as in H. caryae,
those on joints 5 and 12 a little longer than the others ; from
row 5 on joints 5 and 11,
centrally on the wart, a rather long black tuft; from the upper parts of the warts of rows 3 and 4 grow a few long white hairs, as also from rows 2 and 3 on joints 5 and 11 ; from rows 2 and 3 on joints 12 and 13 ante- riorly a few more white hairs, those on joint 12 have a number of hairs, the one from row 3 on joint 12 forming a decided pencil,
though rather thin. Length of white hairs 10 mm. ; of larva 30 mm.
Cocoon.
Fastened by part of one side,
elongate elliptical, much like that of H. caryae.
It is rather thin, made of silk and
hair, the fine larval hairs stuck through, making the cocoon appear something like
velvet.
Length 21 mm., thickness 10 mm.
Pui>a. Thorax and abdomen enlarged
centrally with a depression between them ; ventral side straight, slightly flattened ; ends obtusely rounded ; abdominal segments with- out motion. The cremaster consists of a
tuft of spiny hairs. Color, shining dark brown.
Length 15 mm. ; width 6 mm.
Food-plants. Various deciduous trees. The larvae were mostly found on maple (Acer). Larvae from the Catskill Mountains.
Ulster county, N. Y.




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[October 1891.
HALISIDOTA CARYAE Harris.
My notes in regard to the number of
stages of this species have already appeared in Psyche, and, as the latter stages are all essentially alike and the larva is well known and has often been described, I will omit further remarks upon it.
FOOD-PLANTS.-On Sept. 11th 1 found sev-
eral larvae of Pajilio turmis on CayyagZab~a, on which I have not found them before.
They were large, bright in color, and near1.y full grown, and the leaves near them were much eaten. All were on one tree, and the only other tree very near was a chestnut. I
have found them, in Brookline, on ash, wild cherry, lilac, maple, tulip-tree, plum ; in Vermont on willow; in New York on mag-
nolia.
I found, on
the same day, one larva of
Afatela ameyicana on rose acacia, and one on butternut. I have not found one on
maple this year, though I have found many on elm and basswood.
Brookline, Mass. Caroline G. SouZe.
CHOICE OF FOOD. -The larva of Platysamia ceanothi differs from all Bombycid larvae I have reared, in always preferring the young tips of twigs, instead of wanting older leaves to eat as they pass the second moult. A brood raised on wild cherry would not eat the
older leaves at all, usually stopping with the sixth leaf from the tip of the twig, - these twigs were saplings, not pieces from a tree -and this habit they kept till they spun. C. 'promethea larvae refused the young tips as soon as they had moulted for the second time, and finished up the leaves refused by the ceanothi! Caroline G. SouZe,
LITERARY NOTES. - Messrs. Reeve and
Co., of London, announce their intended
publication, if a sufficient number of sub- scribers can be obtained, of a work on
the
indigenous Heteroptera of Great Britain and Ireland, by Edward Saunders. It will be
issued in eight parts at five shillings per part, with colored plates, the number of which is not stated.
The American entomological society an-
nounces the publication early in October of a Check list of the Lepidoptera of America, north of Mexico, by Prof John B. Smith.
The low price of one dollar a copy will bring it within the reach of all.
Seven parts of Moore's Lepidoptera Indica have now appeared and it is only in the last that the Euploeinae are completed. This
family is divided, as previously by the author, into two groups: the Limnaeina of which
there are here described 10 genera and 29 species, of which 4 of as many species have illustrations of the larva and pupa; and the Euploeina with 16 genera and 50 species, only 4 of which (of 3 genera) have their early stages figured ; but let us be thankful ; it is the largest collection of illustrations of larval and pupal Euploeinae ever brought together, and certainly justifies some at least of the generic divisions made.
In all there
are 53 plates given up
to Euploeinae, and
they contain 225 figures of the imago (every species being figured) and 31 figures of cater- pillars and chi-vsalids.
In the seventh part