Article beginning on page 116.
Psyche 6:116, 1891.

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eamml. [deutsch.] naturforsch. und aerzte, Munchen, 1877,
Macloskie, [GI. The proboscis of the
house-fly. Amer. nat., vol. v., pp. 153-161, I 880.
Meinert, [F]. Sur la conformation de la
t&e et sur lJinterpr4tation des organes buc- caux chex les insectes. Entom. tidskrift, vol. i, pp. 147, 150, 1880.
Meinert, [F]. Sur la construction des
organes buccaux chez les diptkres. Ibid., PP- 150-153-
Meinert, [F]. Fluernes munddele (Trophi
Dipterorum). Kjobenhavn, So, 1881, with 6 plates.
Dimmock, George. The anatomy of the
mouth parts and of the sucking apparatus of some Diptera. So, Boston, 1881, with 4
plates.
Becher, E.
Zur kenntniss der mundtheile
der dipteren,
Denkschr. Wien acad., math.
nat. kl., bd. xlv, 1882. Gives the literature of the subject very fully.
Kraepelin, K. Zur anatomic und physio-
logic des riissels von Musca. Zeitschr. wiss. zool., bd. 39, 1883.
Lowne, B. T. On the head of the blow-
fly larva and its relation to that of the perfect insect, Journ. Quekett micr. club, ser. ii., vol. iii., p. 120, 1887.
[From Lowne's Anatomy, etc., of the blow- fly, ftp. 127-128. London, 7891.1
THE FOOT OF THE BLOW-FLY.
Power, Henry. Experimental philosophy,
in three books, containing new experiments, microscopical, mercurial, magnetical, 4O. London, 1644.
Hooke, [R]. Micrographia. London, 1667.
Leeuwenhoek, A. Anatomia rerum cum
animatarum turn inanimatarum ope micro-
scopiorum. Lugd. Bat., 1687.
Leeuwenhoek, A. Select works, contain-
ing his microscopical discoveries ; translated hy Samuel Hoole, plates, 4O. London, 1798- 1807.
Dereham, The Rev. W. Physico-theology,
second edition, 1714. An ingenious teleo- logical disquisition, containing a note on the fly's foot, p. 374, and many curious notes on insects.
Inman, Thos. On the feet of insects.
Proc. Liverpool lit. phil. soc., no. vi, p. 230. Liverpool, 1849.
West, Tuffen. The foot of the fly; its
structure and action elucidated by compar- ison with the feet of other insects.
Part I,
with 3 plates. Trans. Linn. soc., vol. xxiii (185g), 1861.
Lowne, B. T.
On the so-called suckers of
Dytiscus, and the pulvilli of insects. Month- ly microsc. journ., vol. v., 1871.
[From Lowne's Anatomy, etc., of the blow- fly. $. 190. London. 1891.1
FULL-GROWN LARVA AND PUPA OF DEIDA-
MIA 1iVSCRIPTA.-On July 13, 1890, I found on Am$elo$sis veitchii, in Brookline, Mass., a larva a trifle over two inches in length. The head was round, green, with a faint
white line on each side of the median suture. The body tapered from the fourth segment to the head, and was clear, bright green, without obliques. Two pale yellow lines ex- tended from the head over the dorsum of the first three segments. A brighter yellow- white line extended up each side of the caudal horn, and a little way down on the sides of the body-like the "last pair of obliques" of many sphingid larvae, only extending by no means so far down on the body. There was a thick wavy stigmata1 edge from 1st segment to the tip of anal flap. The body was not rough, but striated transversely. The caudal horn was green except on the sides where the yellowish lines came. Feet and prolegs green, spiracles unnoticeable.
On July fifteenth it stopped eating, and, on the seventeenth pupated. The pupa was I 3-16 inches (zomm.) long, slender, brown mottled with greenish on the back. The abdominal segments were "honey-combed" with tiny




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July 1891 .]
darker brown depressions. The tongue-case was a sharp ridge extending to the apex of the wing-cases. At its base, on each side, was a dark, rough tubercle ; on each eye-cover was another; and on the apex of the head
another. The anal hook was long and
pointed, with a little spur near the tip. Caroline G. Soule.
ON THE FOOD-HABIT OF TELEA POLYPHE-
MUS.-On June 10th emerged in one ofmy
boxes a $ Telea jolyphemus of normal size and specially brilliant coloring. Its larval his- tory was an experiment in food. The larva was found just before the third moult, on a small oak tree. Its food was varied every day, and consisted of the following leaves, given in the following order :-
Oak, maple, willow, pine, white birch,
apple, chestnut, rnoosewood, wild grape, poplar, walnut, elm, cherry, and then began with oak again. The only leaf it refused was sassafras.
Chestnut, pine, and wild grape were new
to me as food-plants of T. $o?y//;emus and were suggested by finding larvae on them several times last summer.
The larvae on pine were especially large and clear in color; those on wild grape, markedly smaller. Caroline G. Sozde.
RECENT LITERATURE. - Mr. J. W. Tutt,
who edits a journal whose special function is to record all sorts of variation in insects has just published the first volume (16, 164 pp.) of "The British Noctuae and
their varieties" in which over 100 species and an enormous number of varietal forms are described and named; scarcely a single species escapes division, and some show ten 01- fifteen varieties (Ajamea didyma for in- stance), while a distinction is further made between varieties and subvarieties. Only the imago is considered. A large amount of the material is new, but the author has care- fully collated all fragmentary notes in the literature of the subject. In the introduction, which treats of variation in Lepidoptei-a generally, its nature, extent and probable causes, no reference is made to the claim the author elsewhere refers to (Ent. rec., I, 55-56) that melanism has in some instances be-
come a prevailing feature in those parts of England where manufacturing plants have
given a grimy aspect to nature. If this be really true, and it would seem to be difficult to prove incontestably, then natural selection by elimination of the unfittest has certainly produced a sensible degree of protective mimicry within recent historic times.
A painstaking, detailed account of the
postembryonal development, habits, and an- atomy of Encyrtus fuscicollis has just been given by Dr. E. Bugnion in the Recueil zoo- logique suisse, accompanied by half a dozen folding plates. The species investigated is claimed to be parasitic on different caterpil- lars, and among others on a Hyponomeuta
attacking the spindle tree in which the
author studied them. He raised 21 different lots, and they usually yielded males or fe males exclusively, and in half the other times one sex was in excessive abundance. This Encyrtus appears to lay its eggs (50-129) at one thrust in the form of a single chain which floats in the perivisceral cavity. At the end of the embryonal period, or rather after the first moult, the larvae pierce this tube, and live on the lymph of the host till they are ready for their change, when they devour the viscera, form separate cocoons which pack the body of the host to the utmost, and ap- pear in the imago state in about three weeks j they at once pair. Whether they are double brooded andin the second generation infest some other insect is still a question ; if not, the maintenance of the species depends on the life of fertilized females from early in August to sometime in April or May of the succeeding year.
The most considerable and valuable work
that has appeared for fifteen years on the tertiary insects ofEurope, has just been pub- lished at Strassburg as part of the Abhand-



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