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Psyche 6:80-82, 1891.

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80 PSYCHE. [May I@I.
cornis. The egg is larger, being .03X.02 of D. lo&cornis in being larger and in
an inch as against .025X.o15 in the case of the m-esence of the two small tubercles
longicoruis.
In color, instead of being dirty
at tie posterior edge of the caudal plate, white it is dull yellowish.
The hexagonal
pits are exactly like those on the egg of The pupae of the two species are said to Zongicornis, but are perhaps smaller, as there differ in size- are 30-35 in its entire length as against 20 TWO dipterous parasites of D. 12-
only in the smaller egg of Zongicornis " p~tndata are known to Professor Riley,
one a Tachinid obtained from the larva,
The larva is said to differ from that of the other coming from the adult.
DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PREPARATORY STAGES OF TWO FORMS OF CERURA CINEREA Walk.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR, NEW YORK.
I have discussed the differences be- CER~RA CINEREA Walker. (Eastern tween the Eastern and Western forms
form.)
of the imago in the Canadian ento-
mologist I and in the
E,yg. Slightly more than hemispherical,
the base flat. Color, dead black; diameter consider the Lirval stages. The larvae I.2 mm, of the two forms are much alike; the
differences, after eliminating certain ap- ~ ~ i j singly; the larva llatclles by eat- parent' ones due to individual variation, ing a hole in the side but does not de-
narrow to the greater prominence of - vour the rest of the slIell. crimson in cinereoides and its some-
what shorter caudal filaments or sterna- Larva : Second stage. Head rounded, the
po&, to use Dr. Packard's term.
My
sutures deep, blackish brown; width 1 mm. examples ofcineyea were nearly witllout
Cervical horns brown, spinose as are the caudal filaments, the latter twice annulated crimson spots in the dorsal patches, but with pale yellow. Body green, a blackish Professor Lintner has allowed me to See
brown subdorsal line on each side, the space some notes by Professor Riley on this
between them over the dorsum filled in with species in which they are described as
the same color except in three patches (I) on present, and doubtless the cllaracter is joint 3 posteriorly,joints 4and 5 quadrates(2) variable. tile following allow- on joints 8-10 point4 antefiorly. and (3) a rounded one on joint 12. These are of a more be lnade
yel~oLvish green than the body color.
Exten-
variation.
sile threads black, once annulated with white. Length of larva 7 mm, of tails 5 mm.
1 Can. ent., v. 22, p. 253.
Third stage. Head subquadi-ate, rounded, Ps\&e 6 OgC-83 (pre. 1903). hfp //psyche aitclub org/#6-0080 htd



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May IS~I.]
PSYCHE.
flat in front, dead brownish black, the lower part paler and mottled centrally in front with a paler color. Antennae white ; labrum and ocelli brown ; width of head 1.3 mm. Cervi- cal horns thick, heavily spinose, brownish black; several rows of minute piliferous tubercles on the body; tails spinose, dark red-brown, twice broadly annulated with
yellowish and tipped with the same color. Body green, a purple-brown subdorsal line on each side which passes to the spiracles on joints 7 and 8, a little interrupted, especially on joint j. The space between them is filled in with purple-brown on joints 2 and 3, on joints 6-9 and on joints 11 and 13, though not completely on joints 8 and 9, but with a trace of a dorsal line on the other joints. Venter whitish.
Fourth stage. Head higher than wide,
rounded, a little flattened in front ; a minute tubercle before the apex of each lobe; pur- plish black, finely mottled with yellow, green at the sides posteriorly; antennae white, ocelli black; width 2.2 mm. Cervical horns thick, covered by piliferous tubercles with about six rows of similar tubercles on each side of the body, only the upper two distinct. Color yellowish green. A triangular dorsal patch on joints 2 and 3 covering the cervical horns purplish black, mottled with little yel- low spots ; a larger patch on joints 4-9 ellipii- cal, retracted at the segmental incisui-es, i-each- ing the spiracle on joint 8, replaced centrally irregularly by yellow and broadly connected with a small patch on joints 10 and 11 which widens on I I and is narrowly connected with the last patch on joint 13, replaced by green- ish on the anal plate. Tails purple-brown, twice annulated with yellow.
Fifth stage.
Head purplish black, green
at the sides posteriorly, reticulated where the colors meet; mottled with yellowish in front rather broadly but more narrowly to vertex. Clypeus and mouth purplish, jaws black, an- tennae white ; width of head 3.2 mm. Cervi- cal shield large, smooth, with angulations at the corners, representing the "horns" of the previous stage. Body slightly elevated dor- sally at joint 3 posteriorly, but without a pro- cess on either joints 3 or 4. Tails spined, pur- plish black, twice annulated with greenish yellow. Body yellow-green speckled on the sides with yellow and with small brown pili- ferous spots. The dorsal patches are much as before, the first triangular on joints 2 and 3 covering the top part of the smooth punctured corners of the cervical shield, ending on joint 3 posteriorly, covered with little yellow spots and narrowly bisected by a pale dorsal line. The other patches are confluent ; beginning in a point on joint 4 the second patch widensy contracted at each suture to below the spiracle on joint 8 and over the subventral space, just enclosing the spiracles on joints 7 and 9; it narrows on joints 8 and g joining the third patch on joints 10 or 11 (in different ex- amples). The third widens a little on joint 11 and narrows on joints 11 and 12 "where it joins narrowly the last patch, which widens on joints 12 and 13 and contracts a little at the anal plate. The patch on joints 6-8 is much mottled by large yellow (or partly
crimson) spots and on the anal plate by
whitish. Spiracles purple-black with a cen- tral white line and black marks around them ; the lateral yellow specks here segregate to form an obscure stigmata1 line. A row of purple-black subventral blotches irregularly represent the feet on the apodal segments. Venter a little whitish with'a narrow ventral line posteriorly ; feet green. Two erect black spines at the anus. As the stage ad- vances, yellow spots appear in the dorsal patch on the 3rd-5th abdominal segments, the sides are strongly sprinkled with little brown spots and the dorsal band becomes
purplish edged with yellow but with no dis- tinct crimson,
Cocoon. Constructed on bark of gummy
silk and bits of bark and wood, like that of the other species of Cerura.
Food $/ants : - Poplar
(Populus)
and willow (Salix) .
Larvae from Dutchess Co., New York.




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PSYCHE.
[May 1891.
CERURA CINEREOIDES Dyar. (West-
ern form.)
Kgg. Slightly less than hemispherical,
the base flat.
Color, dull brownish black,
smooth. Diameter about I mm. Duration
of this stage, eight days.
Larva: First stage. Head dark red-
brown. On joint 2 are two brown processes, minutely spined. Joint 13 has two "tails" 3 mm. long, brown, twice broadly annulated with pale yellow and minutely spined. The body is brown with three dorsal pale yellow patches, on joints 2 to 6, 8 to 10 and 12 re- spectively, the posterior one faint. Venter and legs pale whitish. Length of larva, ex- clusive of the tails, 4 mm. It spins a slight web on the surface of the leaf to which it clings.
Second stage.
Head red-brown with two
blackish shades in front.
Processes on joint
2, which is somewhat swollen, thick and
spined. Tails twice broadly annulated with pale yellow. The body is red-brown with a transverse row of minute spined points on each segment. The dorsal patches are as in the previous stage, but the one on joint 12 extends also on joint 11. The venter and legs are pale yellow. The extensile threads in the "tails" are pale whitish at base, the rest dark brown, once broadly annulated
with white. They are extended in the same manner as the "horns" of a larva of Papilio, the base appearing first, followed by the re- mainder of the part, reversing itself as it is extruded. These the insect lashes over its back if disturbed. Length 6 mm., tails, 4 mm. Third stage. Head brown, densely
marked with small yellow spots, but leaving two wavy lines of the ground color in front, paler at the sides posteriorly. Antennae whitish. Joint 2 is somewhat swollen and bears two thick processes about I mm. long covered with pointed tubercles. Each seg- ment has a row of similar tubercles each bearing a short fine hair. The dorsal ones on joints 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 11 are rather larger than the others. The tails are spinose, green but brown above at the base and twice annu- lated with brown towards the ends. Length 4..5 mm. The body is yellowish green, the red-brown of the dorsum being reduced to a subdorsal brown line on each side which join on the last segment and are connected over the back on joints 2 and 3 by brown mottlings between the processes, by a large patch on joints 6,7 and 8 and another on joint 11. The large spot is paler centrally. Later the sub- dorsal line disappears and the brown dorsal patches are connected by an obscure dorsal line. Length of body, 8 to 12 mnl.
^fourth stage. The head is partly retracted under the skin of joint 2, purple-brown be- fore, yellowish green at the sides behind the eyes, the upper two thirds densely covered with small pale yellow spots, but leaving two lines of the ground color in front. A few minute hairs over the surface. Antennae
white. The body is slightly elevated dorsally at joint 3. Color green, with a yellowish tinge at the bordering of the dorsal patches, which are four in number and purple-brown. The first is on joints 2 and 3, triangular, covering the upper part of the spined pro- cesses of joint 2, partly divided by a green dorsal line anteriorly; the second is on joints 4 slightly and 5 to 9, elliptical, reach- ing below the spiracles, pointed anteriorly, and connected posteriorly with the third patch on joints 10 and 11, which widens pos- teriorly and narrows abruptly to the fourth patch on joints 12 and 13 which is partly re- placed by the ground color. The two last extend over the subdorsal spaces. All are partly mottled with pale yellow and contain conical tubercles, each surmounted by a short hair. The sides of the body are sprinkled with brown and whitish specks and have a few short fine white hairs. Venter white. Tails purple brown at the basal half above and twice annulated with brown at the ex- (,rei.nities. They are still spinose and the ex- tensile threads are black with a white ring. Fifth stage. Head as before, but at ma-




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May 1891.1
PSYCHE.
turity the yellow spots are quite faint and a blackish shade extends up from the eyes
widening to the vertex. Jaws black; anten- nae white. Body smooth, the conical pili- ferous elevations represented by brown spots. The processes on joint 2 are relatively much smaller and without spines. A slight dorsal elevation on joint 3 posteriorly, just covered by the end of the first dorsal patch. Tails spined as before and marked the same. The extensile threads are dark purplish black, once annulated with purplish white. Dorsal patches much as before, the second, third and fourth strongly confluent, the second and third most so. The second is marked cen- trally with many dark crimson spots, with which color all the patches are narrowly edged inside the yellow border. At maturity the color of all the patches fades to lilac and a number of yellow spots appear in the sec- ond one, its outline anteriorly becoming ir- regular. Body yellowish green with a
transverse row of purple-brown spots on each segment, more numerous subventrally, and a number of whitish spots, which are thick- est at the spiracles giving the appearance of a stigmata1 line. These are also found on the dorsal patches, and on the anal plate are partly confluent, replacing the purplish brown. The spots on the patch on joint 2 are yellowish like those on the head. Spir- acles- dark reddish brown, partly surrounded by a similarly colored but paler spot. Ven- ter whitish, at maturity green, a reddish ventral line on joints 12 and 13. Purple spots on the bases of the legs and on the legless segments.
Feet green, marked with brown-
ish.
At the anus, beyond the upper anal
plate, are two erect spiny hairs which
serve to project the frass to a consider- able distance. Length of larva 35 mm. ;
of tails 5 mm.
Cocoon. Formed on a piece of wood
first of gummy silk which is strength-
ened by many little pieces of wood
bitten off from inside. When finished,
it is elliptical, quite hard and of the
color of the wood or bark on which
it is made. Length about 30 mm. ;
width, 13 mm.
Pupa. Cylindrical, tapering slightly at
both extremities, somewhat flattened. Color pale brown, venter yellowish and a dark
dorsal line. Wing and leg cases greenish. Abdomen very minutely punctured. Wing
cases creased. Length 18 mm.; width 6 mm. The duration of the first larval stages
was from three to six days, the last two seven days. The pupa state lasts through the winter.
Food $ant. Probably Willow
(Mix).
Larvae from Los Angeles Co., Cali-
fornia.
TWO NEW TACHINIDS.
BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND, LAS CRUCES, N. M. The following two species of Tachi-
the names in a future paper of his, I
nidae, recently received from Professor
submit descriptions of them.
I?. L. Harvey, of Orono, Maine, among
a lot of other Diptera for determination, T ~ ~ J ~ ) ~ c~ii~aca~ue n. sp. 8. Eyes prove to be new. AS he desires to use brown, very thinly and indistinctly hairy;



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