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Psyche 6:73-77, 1891.

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PSYCHE.
A LIST OF THE ORTHOPTERA OF ILLINOIS.-IV. BY JEROME MCNEILL,
74. Sc/;istocerca americana Drury.
Of rare occurrence north of the center
of the state but common southward. I
have taken a few specimens in Rock
Island County, the earliest recorded
appearance being Sept. 20th.
75, Acridium alutaceum Harr. The
only species of this genus found in Rock Island County. It is found sparingly
along rail-roads and in waste ground,
but there is a very small district where it is extremely abundant. This is a
little strip of ground a few hundred
feet in length along the C. B. & Q; R.
R. about one mile and a half southwest
of Colona, Henry Co. Prof. Garman
with a party from Illinois University first stumbled upon this locality a few years
ago, and I visited it in 1889. This
colony has established itself in a patch of Johnson grass, a species of Androp-
ogon, which seems to have furnished it
with the conditions exactly fitted for its development. These specimens have
the dorsal stripe almost always distinct. Colona, Aug. 12th.
*76. Awidium enzarginafum Scudcl.
Reported by Mr. Thomas as having
been taken a few times in the state.
*77. Ac~idium ?-ub<5g-inosum Scudd.
Said by Mr. Thomas to be a rather
FAYETTEVILLE, ARK.
rare species found only in the neigh-
borhood of oak groves.
*78. Melano&s s@etus Thomas.
Stray specimens have been identified by
Mr. Thomas, but it cannot be consid-
ered a resident species, as Illinois is out- side of even the "Temporary regionJ'
as determined by the U. S. entomologi-
cal commission.
79. Melanojlus atlanis Riley. This
wide spread species occurs throughout
the state. It seems however to be very
unequally distributed. In some local-
ities it is about as common as M.femur-
rub while in others it may be very
rare. In Rock Island County it is usu-
ally rare or at least uncommon but on a
sand hill an eighth of a mile south of
Moline bridge on Rock River it is very
abundant. As this sand hill shelters a
number of species which occur not at
all or rarely elsewhere in the neighbor- hood it may be well to say a few words
as to its character. It consists entirely of fine clean sand which is in places
covered with a thin soil which supports
a scanty vegetation of willows and sand- burr but which is for the most part
wholly barren. This hill rises gradu-
ally on every side from the Rock River
bottom. It is about a half mile in
length and only a few hundred yards in
width at the widest. At the highest
Pn&t 6 073-78 (pre.1003) hfp //psyche nitclub orgWS-OOPJ htd



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74 PSYCHE. [May 1891
point it is not much lower than the hills on either side of the river valley. Its
size and isolated position make it a
conspicuous object from the river bluffs for several miles above and below the
bridge.
It is in fact a small island or
"tow head" in the old Mississippi chan-
nel. This river as is well known
once flowed through the Meridosia
swamps, which are situated about four
miles above Cordova, into the Rock
River valley, which it occupied to the
present mouth of this river.
A consid-
erable part of this hill is fenced out from stock and here the natural features have been preserved for a long time so that
many species retain a foothold or even
flourish here which do not seem to occur elsewhere in the county. Atlanis seems
to be at least imperfectly two brooded
in the northern part of the state as I
have taken a few specimens as early as
the middle of June while the great ma-
jority attain the adult stage after the
middle of August. It was formerly
thought to be not easy to separate this
species from M. femur-rubrum, the
common Red-legged Locust of our mead-
ows, and indeed this difficulty still exists in the case of the females, but it is now known that the males at least can be
very readily distinguished from those of the allied species. This distinction
consists mainly in the scoop-shaped
ultimate abdominal segment, which is
obscurely notched at the tip in atIanis
and in the rounded ultimate segment of
femur-rubrum which is squarely trun-
cate at the apex.
80. Melanoplus femur rubrum De
Gees. This well known species is
abundant everywhere in meadows and
along wood sides. It has been taken at
Moline as early as the twenty-third of
June.
81. Melano-plus coZZinus Scudder.
This rather common species is pretty
closely restricted to the tops of hills and the sides of ravines which are almost
too barren for pasturage. It is never,
so far as I am aware found in rich bot-
tom lands.
82. Melanoflus -punctulatus Uhles.
The museum of the State laboratory of
natural history of Illinois contains two specimens a male and a female from
Galesburg and Urbana. These are the
only specimens from the state that I
have seen.
83. MeZaao$Zus minor Scudd. This
species is included in the list because
its occurrence in Indiana renders its oc- currence here almost certain. It has
been captured at Bloomington, Indiana.
84. Melanoplus differeatiaZis Thos.
This species is common along road-
sides. Its earliest appearance at Moline is August 8th.
85. Meza~ofhs bivittatus Say. This
is an uncommon species in the northern
part of the state at least. In eastern In- diana it is not unfrequently so numerous as to do considerable injury to hay and
grain crops. It matures at least a month earlier than the last mentioned species, according to my observation, as I have
taken it at Dublin, Ind. as early as June 28th and at Moline as early as the 7th
of July.
86. MeZano~Vus cenchri n. sp.




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May 1891.1
PSYCHE.
Male : Length to tip of abdomen .80 to .go in. ; length of elytra .70 to .74 in.
General color dull brown varying through testaceous to bright yellow, but in the light- est specimens the sternum is dull olive or brown. In the most common form the head, disk and sides of the pronotum are light brown or testaceous or at least lighter in color than the middle region of the body. The black band of the pronotum, common in species of this genus, is entirely obsolete or rarely represented by a faint dusky line or narrow band extending along the sides of the head and the lateral carinae of the pronotum to the base of the elytra. The elytra are testaceous, unspotted or sometimes very ob- scurely spotted with faint small or medium dusky flecks. The posterior femora have the upper half of both the inner and the outer faces infuscated or at least darker than the lower part with upper margin marked with three lighter spots. The posterior tibiae are bright blue with white spines tipped with black. The whole body is hairy, but this fea- ture is more marked upon the disk of the pro- notum, the upper face of the posterior tibiae and at the end of the abdomen. The facial costa is sulcate, and the median carina of the pronotum is distinct upon the metazone, more or less distinct upon the prozone and cut by three incisions. The elytra are nar- row and usually extend much beyond the
abdomen.
The posterior femora extend more
or less beyond the tip of the abdomen. The anal cerci are broad at the base but are sud- denly contracted on the upper side to half or less than half the width at their origin ; the lower margin is straight and oblique, so that the apical two-thirds of the cerci is directed upwards but of equal width to the apex which is rounded.
The last ventral segment is ele-
vated and narrowed above at the sides with the upper outline, seen from behind forming a distinct but very obtuse angle.
Female : Length to tip of ovipositor .go to I .08 in. ; length of elytra .75 to .85 in. Similar to the male in color but somewhat stouter and larger. The elytra extend to or considerably beyond the tip of the abdomen. The posterior femora do not generally reach to the tip of the abdomen. The upper plates of the ovipositor are much exserted,
strongly upcurved and very acute while the lower plates are long and slender with a small or minute lateral tooth at the base. Moline, 111. August 27. 3 J's, 12 9's.
The species just described belongs to
the fenzur-'rubrum group of the genus
but it is very distinct from this species and all others apparently. It was found
in large numbers on the sand hill be-
fore referred to and afterwards a few
specimens were found at widely scattered points in Rock Island and adjoining
counties. It seems to inhabit only high
sandy ground. The specimens found
upon the sand hill were confined to
that portion where the only vegetation
was sand-burr (Cenchrus) . They were
colored so nearly like the yellow sand
that they were difficult to see when only two or three feet away. The specimens
I afterwards found were generally darker in color but they were invariably in the neighborhood of sand-burrs. In the
lighter specimens the apical half or two- thirds of the elytra were almost perfectly transparent.
87. Pezotettix vir/då´tdus This very
pretty species was described from speci- mens obtained in this locality. It is by no means common however, being re-
stricted to a few localities. It shows a decided preference for the sides of open grassy ravines. It is I think the first
orthopteron to become mature from eggs
hatched in the spring. I have found




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76 PSK'HI?. [May 1891.
full grown specimens as early as the 5th of June. The museum of the State lab-
ratory of natural history contains a few specimens from Normal and Blooming-
ton, 111. My collection contains speci-
mens from Bloomington, Indiana.
88. Pezotettix occidentaZis Brunei'.
A very common species which makes
its appearance as early as the middle of July and is abundant through August
and September.
Sg . Pezotettix scudderi Uhler. This
is probably as common as- the last men-
tioned species and probably more evenly
distributed throughout the territory
which it occupies. Occidentals cer-
tainly prefers grassy hillsides and tops, but scudderi is very frequently found
along roadsides or in pastures. It
reaches maturity about the first of Au-
gust. It is tolerably certain that unicolor Thos. is but a synonym of this species.
Mr. Uhler's specimens were from Balti-
more and Rock Island, and it is not
probable that I overlooked the species
during four years collecting in the
neighborhood of the last mentioned
place. Mr. Thomas distinctly states
.
that he was unacquainted with scudderi.
So it is scarcely to be doubted that he
redescri bed this species as unicolor.
go. Pezotettixg~acilis Brunei'. This
is P. minuti$ennis Thos. It is very
rare in the north-western part of the
state, but seems to be widely distributed, as specimens have been found at Moline,
Bloomington, Urbana and Normal. It
is a wood loving species. It has been
taken as early as the first of July.
91. Pezotettix autumnalis Dodge.
The occurrence of this specieswas some-
thing of a surprise as it was thought to be a local Nebraska form. Its peculiar
distribution here however leads me to
think that it may be a widely spread
species and explain perhaps why it has
.
been supposed to be so restricted in its range.
It occurs in abundance at one
place near Colona, Henry Co., Ill., ac-
cording to Professor Garman, who gave
me specimens obtained at that point and
saw nothing of it anywhere else, but sev- eral days search for the species was en- tirely fruitless, and I was almost inclined to think some mistake had been made in
referring the specimens to that part of
Illinois, when I stumbled upon the spe-
cies at Cordova, Rock Island Co. There
I found it abundant in a large orchard
on the east side of a high hill.
Careful
search in that neighborhood did not en-
able me to find it any where else, and
I have' never found it in any other
part of the state. The Colona speci-
mens were captured Aug. zoth, 1885.
Those captured at Cordova were taken
the 28th of September, 1889.
93. Pezotettix viola Thos. This is a
south-western form not generally dis-
tributed throughout the state. Said by
Thomas to inhabit central and southern
Illinois, but the museum of the State
laboratory of natural history contains
but two specimens captured at Running
Lake July 15, and in September. Mr. C.
W. Woodworth of Fayetteville, Ark.,
has repeatedly observed females of this
species ovipositing in crannies of wood
and stone frequently three or four feet
from the ground.




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May xSg1. J Ps2THE. 7 7
93. Pezotettix mama Smith. This
species is put in the list of Illinois Or- thoptera on the strength of a single pair of specimens taken at Running Lake
July 15, 1883.
94. Tettix cristatus Harr. Accord-
ing to Bolivar l Batrachidea carinafa
Scudd. is a synonym of B. cristata Harr. and the latter is transferred to the genus Tettix. I have a single specimen from
Bloomington.
95. Tettix triangzdaris Scudd. I
have seen but two specimens from this
state ; both are in my collection, one
from Rock Island and the other from
Bloomington.
96. Tettix granuIutus Kirby. I
have a specimen from Brookeville, Ind.,
and one from Moline, which I refer to
this species.
97. Tettix ornatus Say. There is a
single specimen in the museum of the
State laboratory of natural history from Bloomington, 111. which belongs to this
species. I have a specimen from Bloom-
ington, Indiana, which I place here.
While these four species are all found in the state it is pretty evident that they are all rare, since out of all the hundreds of Tettiginae examined by me these seven
individuals are all that I have seen of
these species from Illinois or Indiana.
98.
Tettix arenosus Burm. I refer to
this species a large number of Tettix
collected at various times by Mr. C. A.
Hart of Illinois University and a lim-
ited number of specimens that I have
collected in the north-western part of the state. I have formerly been accustomed to 1 Essai sur les Acridiens de la Tribu des tettigidae, par Ign. Bolivar. Gand, 1387.
consider this form as T. ruyosus Scudd.
but these specimens seem to be indistin- guishable from T. arezosus Burrn. as
Mr. Scudder understands this species,
and they do not seem to belong to the
new genus Parafettix in which Bolivar
places T. rugosus Scudd. Besides
this species is too nearly allied to T. cu- cuIa/us Burm to allow of its being put
in a different genus.
I am tempted to
risk the opinion that T. arenosus and
1'. rug^osus are too much alike to re-
main in different genera, if they are
really different species. I have mature
specimens that have been taken in every
month from March to September inclu-
sive, a fact which would seem to indicate that there are two or more broods of this species in a year, or that their breeding time is so irregular that they can not be divided into broods at all.
99. Tettix cuculatus Burln. This
species is represented by numerous spec- imens taken in Rock Island and neigh-
boring counties and by a few in Mi-,
Hart's collection. They were taken
during the months of May, June, July,
and August ; I have three pupae taken
at Hampton on May 5th and four taken
at Moline, one on the 5th and three on
the 8th. These pupae taken at about the
same time in different localities are all ready to moult for the last time. This
regularity would indicate that they have developed from eggs hatched in the
spring, and if this is the case the title of Pezotdtix viridulus Walsh to be
the
first grasshopper to be developed from
eggs hatched in the spring will be in
some danger.




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78 p6'2%'L?E. [May I 891.
100. Tettigidea lateralis Say. This
form is not uncommon at Moline but it
is apparently much more common south-
ward. I have a number of specimens
collected from Aug. 9th to I 6th ; some
of them are full grown but the majority
are pupae in the last stage.
,
101. Tettiyidea folymor$ha Burm.
I have not found this species in the
neighborhood of Moline, but I have a
number of specimens collected by Mr.
Hart in the central part of the State.
I 02. Diafheromera sayi Gray.
This species is not uncommon in Rock
Island county and probably it is not less common throughout the State, though
its form and habits render it too incon- spicuous to be known by many.
July
I ith is the earliest date I have for its capture at Moline.
* I 03. DiapJzeromera velii Walsh,
Proc. ent. SOC. Philad., v. 3, 410.
104. Anisomo+ha bufrestoides
Stoll. A single specimen in the mu-
seum of the State laboratory of natural
history is labeled $ Saratoga, Union
Co., Ill., July 1877.
I 05. Stagmomantis carolina Linn .
This species occurs not rarely in the
southern part of the state.
BLATTIDAE.
*106. Blattagemanica Fab. Given
on the authority of Thomas.
*I 07. Pe+laaeta americana Linn.
Is in no collection of Illinois Orthoptera that I have seen, but I include it on the authority of Thomas.
108. Periplaneta orienfalls Linn.
Too abundant in old houses.
I 09. Ischnoptera fennsylvanica De
Geer. Not found in Rock Island county,
but it is common in the southern part
of the state, where it is common under
old logs.
*I lo. Ischnoptera &color Scudd.
Given 011 the authority of Thomas.
A SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE ON DIABROTICA I 2-PUNCTATA. BY H. GARMAN, LEXINGTON, KY.
After the first part of my paper on
mission to use them in what I might
this insect was published (Psyche, v. 6,