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Psyche 6:10, 1891.

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PSYCHE.
[January 1891.
NOTES ON THREE SPECIES OF HYLOTOMA.
BY JOHN GEORGE JACK, JAMAICA PLAIN.
Among the papers of the late Benj.
D. Walsh, published in the Transactions
of the Saint Louis Academy of Science,
(7 May 1873, v. 3? PP. 67-68) is a des-
cription of the male and female of
HyZotoma dulciaria Say. His des-
cription of the male appears to differ so much from some specimens which have
come under my notice that I venture to
give a note of the insect as it appears to me.
After describing the female, Walsh
gives the following description of the
male :-
"3 differs from 2 only as follows :-I.
The antennae are j as long as the body,
the usual hairs on the last joint nearly as long as wide. 2. The tegulae and the entire thorax above and below, except the cenchri which are whitish and the basal plates which are luteo-rufous, are blue black. 3. The abdomen is immaculate. 4. The wings are
several shades paler, but there is an obvious darker cloud extending from the base of the stigma to the usual dark dot in the disk of the 2d submarginal, which cloud exists in (t) [Q] also, but is not noticed from the rest of the wing being equally clouded. Length $ .27 inch. Front wing 8 -37 inch."
by me that it seems hardly possible
that it can belong to this species.
H. dulciaria Say, is a synonym of
H. $ectoralis Leach, in Cresson's last
revision of the hymenoptera, and upon
the male I offer the following note.
Hylotoma jectoralis Leach (=H. dulcia-
ria Say). - Male. Head shining black,
antennae black and longer than those of
female ; ciliae beneath appearing either black or rusty colored. Thorax yellowish red above and around the collar; shining blue black beneath and with a yellowish
red spot below the fore wings, on the pectus or breast on each side. Legs blue black, the anterior pair having the tarsi, tibiae and the extreme tips of the femora of a light reddish color. Abdomen shining bright
blue black. Wings light smoky brown on
inner and clear on outer or apical portion. An irregular smoky brown blotch extends
from the basal end of the stigma to the
third submarginal cell in the centre of
which is a minute dot. Expanse of wings
15 mm. Length of body 7 to 8 rnm.
Out of four specimens examined, two have four submarginal (or cubital) cells in the an- terior wings, corresponding to the characters of the genus. The other two specimens have only three submarginal cells, the second sub- marginal nervure being absent. Described from four specimens bred with a larger num- ber of females in July, 1889, from larvae Mr. Walsh's description was from a
found in the previous summer feeding on the single specimen and it differs so much,
foliage of Befula alba in the Arnold Arbore- by its black thorax and bbimmaculate"
tum atJamaica Plain, Mass.
abdomen (the thorax and abdomen of The following observations have the female being of a shining yellowish- been made of the larvae of two species red color), from the specimens taken of Hylotoma. Ps\&e 6 010-1 1 (pre-1903). hfp //psyche aitclub org/#6-0010 htd



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January 1891 .] PSYCHE.
Hylotoma sca$zdaris Klug. -The full-
grown larvae have a pretty general resem- blance to those of H. $ectoraZis Leach {=-H. dulciaria Say),* and are about 18 mm. long. Head light orange yellow, body somewhat
flattish and light yellowish green in color. There are six distinct rows of small closely adjoining black spots on the upper portion of the body extending from the head to the anal segment. On each of the fleshy projec- tions on the sides of the segments, except the last, there is an oblong dark spot; but these spots above the two posterior pair of true legs appear as two large somewhat tri- angular black blotches. Above the anal seg- ment there is a large oval shaped black spot. The legs are black on the outer side, and the prolegs are marked by a dark brown blotch on the outer side. The black legs and black blotch on the anal segment are the chief marks which distinguish this larva from that of H. 'pectoralis in which the legs and anal segment are yellowish. The cocoons are of a dirty white or light brown color and aver- age about 12 mm. in length. They are com- posed of two walls, the inner being closely, and the outer loosely spun.
The eggs are deposited along the margins of the leaves of the common American elm (Ulimcs Americana) upon which the larvae feed. Young larvae were found early in Au- gust and those observed attained full growth about the end of the month. Two males
and many females were raised from these
about the first of July following.
Hylotoma McLeayi Leach. Full grown
larva from 15 to 18 mm. long. Head black. Body flattish; pale yellowish green, with four distinct lines of black spots along the back extending from the head to the anal seg- ment; and with some minute, less regularly arranged spots or dots along the sides above the fleshy projections which characterize lar- vae of this genus. Each fleshy projection bears a long narrow black spot.
The anal
segment is surmounted by a large irregular oval black blotch and is brown above the anus. The legs are dark brown or black on the outer base and have a heavy black blotch at the base. The prolegs are marked on their outer side by a somewhat triangular, black or very dark brown spot. The cocoon is
double walled; the outer wall being loosely woven and it is dull white or pale brown in coloi-, and is from 12- 14 mm. in length. The larvae were found in considerable
numbers in the month of August feeding
upon the foliage of common choke-cherry
(Prumis Vz'rginiana) at Jamaica Plain, Mass. From these larvae a number of female im- agos were bred in the latter part of the month of May following.
A NOVEL DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE ORDERS OF INSECTS.?
The difficulty of representing satis- I] shows by parallel bars rising above factorily by any linear arrangement the
the circular plate, which represents the relations of the orders to each other surface of the earth, the sixteen orders of and to Thvsanura has compelled us to insects as they exist to-day, and below give diagrams 1-111.
Diagram I1 [pi. this plate the different orders are ar-
-
*See T. W, Fyles in Canadian entomologist, v. 18, f Reprinted from Guides for Science Teaching-. No. p.38; V. 19, p.59-
VIII. Insecta. By Alphcus Hyatt and J. M. Arms.



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