D. Elmo Hardy.
Neotropical Dorilaidæ (Pipunculidæ) Studies, Part 1 (Diptera).
Psyche 55:1-15, 1948.

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PSYCHE
VOL. 55 MARCH, 1948 No. 1
NEOTROPICAL DORILAIDB (PIPUNCULID^G)
STUDIES, PART 1 (DIPTERA)*
BY D. ELMO HARDY
Assistant State Entomologist, Ames, Iowa This paper deals with the new species of Neotropical Dorilaidse in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. These were kindly loaned to the writer for study by Dr. Joseph C. Bequsert. The species herein described will be keyed in a monograph of the Neotropical Dorilaidse which is being prepared. Dorilas (Dorilas) latifrons n. sp.
(Figs. la-b)
This species is related to D. flauitarsis (Williston). The species is distinguished by the broad front and nar- row face of the female, the presence of well-developed flexor spines on the femora, by having the r-rn crossvein at the basal third of the fiscal cell and the last section of the fourth vein not sinuous.
Female. Head: Front very broad, expanded in the middle, gray on the sides and with a polished black ridge running its entire length down the middle. At its widest
point the front is two times wider than the ocellar triangle. Face very narrow, at its narrowest point it is about equal, in width to one eye facet. The occiput is chiefly gray brownish on the upper portion behind the vertex. The labellum and the third antennal segment are yellow, the palpi and the first two antennal segments are brown. The third segment is acute at apex (Fig. la). Thorax: Dor- sum black in ground color, sides yellow brown. Mesono- turn and scutellum chiefly brown pollinose, pleura gray. * Published by a grant from the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.
1




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2 Psyche [Mar.
Humeri, tegulae and halteres yellow.
Propleura each
with a fan of fine pale hairs. Dorso-central hairs con- spicuous, marginal scutellars very short, poorly devel- oped. Legs: Coxae and femora, except for yellow apices, dark brown to black. Trochanters, tibiae and most of tarsi yellow. Femora moderately swollen, flexor spines well developed. Tibiae without apical spurs or spines and with no strong bristles on the swollen portion. Tarsal claws and pulvilli small, but little longer than the last subsegment of the tarstas. Wings : Distinctly f umase, stigma dark brown and not quite filling all of the third costal section. Third section equal in length to the fourth. The two combined are slightly longer than the fifth sec- tion. The r-m crossvein is at the basal third of the discal cell and the last section of the fourth vein is gently curved. The last section of the fifth vein is slightly longer than the m crossvein. The petiole of the cubital cell is about equal to the length of the r-m crossvein. Abdomen: Sides almost parallel, first three terga opaque, rather densely grayish pollinose; terga four to six subshining, rather lightly brownish dusted above, gray on the sides. First tergum with two strong hairs on each side, abdomen otherwise sparsely but conspicuously covered with short erect hairs. Hind margin of sixth tergum not excised. Venter yellowish brown. Ovipositor: Base subshining black, subglobose in shape and with a pair of small tubercles below. Piercer yellow, very slightly upcurved near apex, one and one-half times longer than the base and extending to about the middle of the fourth abdominal segment (Fig. Ib). Length: Body, 2.8 mm.; Wings, 3.0 mm.
Male unknown.
Holotype female: Whitfield Hall, Blue Mts., near 4500 ft., Jamaica, Aug. 13-20, 1934 (P. J. Darlington). Type
(M.C.Z. No. 27700) returned to the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology.
Dorilas (Eudorylas) replicatus n. sp.
(Figs. 2a-b)
This species is related to D. rex (Curran) ; it is best distinguished by the yellow antennae and the differences



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in the hypopygial characters. The outer harpago is two or more times longer than wide and the inner is very differently shaped than in rex. The processes on the sixth segment of the abdomen are also distinctive. Male.
Head: Eyes very narrowly separated on the front, nearly touching for half the length of the front. Front and face silvery gray pubescent. Mouth parts and third antennal segment bright yellow. First two antennal segments brown, ventral bristles of second as long as the segment.
Third segment gently rounded below, shaped as in D. reos (Curran). Thorax: Pleura yellow brown hi ground color, densely gray polhose. Doram black, covered chiefly with brownish pollen. Propleura bare dorsocentral hairs very small and inconspicuous; mar- ginal fringe of scutellum distinct but the hairs are short and fine. Humeri, tegulse and knobs of halteres dark brown to blackish. Legs: Cox= and femora chiefly dark brown, the latter with yellow bases and apices. Trochan-
ters, tibiae and basal subsegments of tarsi yellow; the apical subsegments blackish. All femora silver pollinose on the posterior side and with a row of fine cilia near the upper portion of the posterior side. Flexor spines pre- sent only on the basal one-third to one-half of the middle femora, absent on the other legs. Middle coxse with a row of black bristles at apices above. Hind tibb without strong erect bristles on the swelling. Wings: Very lightly fumose, stigma brown and filling all of the third costal section. Third section slightly longer than the fourth, the two combined are slightly longer than the fifth. The r-m crossvein is located at the basal third of the discal cell and the last section of the fourth vein is strongly curved. Abdomen: Chiefly dark brown with broad gray fasciae on apical halves of segments, these are broadly interrupted with brown in the middle. Bypopygium: Similar in general appearance to D. rex except that the apical membranous area is not ao large (Fig. 2a). The outer harpago is two times longer than wide and over one- third as long as the inner harpago. The inner is greatly enlarged on apical half and also produced on inner side of basal portion (Pig. 2b). The sixth abdominal segment



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4 Psyche
[Mar.
is developed on the venter into two elongate processes, the larger (first) process is trifid, with two extra teeth developed near base (Pig. 2b). The aedeagus is very complex in structure and possesses numerous points and processes. Length: Body, 4.5-5.0 mm.; female, 6.0 mm. ' Female unknown.
Holotype male : Canal Zone, Barro Colorado, July 13, 1924 (N. Banks).
One paratype male, same locality and
collector, June.20, 1924.
Type (M.C.Z. No. 27711) returned to the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Paratype deposited in the United States National Museum Collection.
Dorilas (Eudorylas) spinosus n. sp.
(Figs. 3a-c)
This species keys out near I). stygius n. sp. but is readily distinguished by the presence of apical spurs or spines on the femora and first two pairs of tibiae, the long acuminate third antennal segment and bare propleura. -
Female. Head: Front equal in width to the face. Upper third of the front shining black, lower portion gray- ish with a narrow median black line extending about one- half the length of the front. Face and most of occiput gray, upper portion of occiput blackish. Mouthparts and first two antennal segments brown, third segment yellow, long acuminate and covered with long pale pubescence (Fig. 3a). Thorax: Mesonotum chiefly polished black, lightly brownish in the middle and gray just inside the humeri. Scutellum subshining, lightly brownish polli- nose.
Pleura brownish in color, densely gray pollinose. Humeri, tegulae and halteres yellow. Propleura bare, dorsocentral and scutellar hairs very small and incon- spicuous. ' L.egs: Yellow red in color except for brownish coxae, apical subsegments of tarsi and slight discolorations at middles of hind femora. Femora slender, no flexor spines on hind pair. Middle femora each with eight to ten pairs of small flexor spines beneath, front femora with three pairs. All femora with a pale yellow apical spur- like process below (Fig. 3b), this fits into a grooved out portion of the tibia base when the leg is folded. Front



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19481 Hardy-Neotropical Dorilaidae 5
and middle tibiae each with a pair of strong apical spines below. All tibiae with a strong bristle on the outer side of the swollen portion near the middle (Fig. 3b). Wings: Hyaline or nearly so, stigma light brown and filling most of the third costal section. Third section slightly shorter than the fourth.
The two sections combined are longer
than the fifth.
Crossvein r-m located at the basal one-
third of the discal cell, the last section of the fourth vein straight or nearly so. Abdomen: First and second terga chiefly grayish pollinose, remainder of dorsum polished black, lightly grayish on the sides. First tergum with one or two strong bristles on each side, remainder of abdomen with very sparse short hairs. Sixth tergum not excised on hind margin. Ovipositor: Base small, black and globose from a lateral view. From above the base is seen to be divided into two lobes by a median furrow extending longitudinally down the dorsum. Piercer short
and straight about as long as the base in length and ex- tending to base of fourth abdominal segment (Fig. 34. Length: 3.0 mm. ; wings, 4.0 mm.
Male unknown.
Holotype female : Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica, April 1 (C. W. Dodge).
One paratype female: Grenada, Grand
Etang, Sept., 1910 (Allen and Brues).
This specimen is
headless.
Type (M.C.Z., No. 27701) and paratype returned to the Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Dorilas (Dorilas) stygius n. sp.
(Figs. 4a-c)
This species runs near D. spinosus n. sp. but has no apical spines on the tibiae or femora, the third antennal segment is acute below and the propleura are haired. Male. Head: Eyes joined for a distance slightly less than the length of the frontal triangle. Front and face
gray pubescent, the former shining black on the median swelling. Occiput gray on sides and below, brown to blackish above. Labellum and third antennal segment yellow, palpi and first two antennal segments brown. Second segment with longpale bristles above and below. Third segment acute (Fig. 4a). Thorax: Subshining



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6 Psyche [Mar.
black in ground color, brownish gray pollinose on the dor- sum gray on the sides. Humeri yellowish brown. Tegulae and halteres yellow. Propleura each with a fan of hairs, dorsocentral and marginal scutellar hairs small and incon- spicuous. Metanotum evenly convex, without a transverse furrow. Legs: Chiefly yellow, coxae and apical subseg- ments of tarsi brown, femora with slight discolorations of brown in the middle. Hind trochanters with a dense patch of short yellow pile beneath. Middle cox8 with several long curved hairs at their apices above. Femora rather slender, flexor spines well developed, these are short and black on the middle and hind pairs and long, yellow and bristle like on the first pair. Tibiae without strong erect bristles medianly. Tarsal claws and pulvilli very small, shorter than the last subsegment of the tarsus. Wings: Very lightly fumose, stigma pale brown and filling all of the third costal section. Crossvein r-m situated at about the basal three-sevenths of the discal cell. Last section of the fourth vein very gently curved, almost straight. Ultimate section of the fifth vein slightly shorter than the m crossvein. Abdomen: Chiefly polished black, first tergum entirely gray, other terga very nar- rowly opaque at the anterior margins. Sides of abdomen almost parallel. First tergum with three or four black bristles on each side, remainder of abdomen very sparsely haired. Sixth and seventh terga not visible from a dorsal view. Hypopygium: Compressed to the right, with an a~ical membranous area on the right side. From a dorsal view it is about three-fourths as long as the fifth abdominal segment (Fig. 4b). From a ventral view the membranous area extends to the base of the coxopodite. The coxopodite is largely black in color, the harpagones are yellow and are short, broad, densely gray pubescent and rounded at apices. Length: Body, 3.3 mm.; wings, 4.0 mm.
Female. Front broader than the face, shining black on the upper one-third and on frontal tubercle, remainder of front gray. Second antenna1 segment more yellowish than in the male. The mesonotum and scutellum are more grayish brown pollinose and the sides of the abdomen



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19481 Hardy-Neotropical Dorilaidae 7
more distinctly gray than in the male.
The femora are
entirely yellow. The hind margin of the sixth tergum is straight, not excised.
Ovipositor: Base reddish brown,
subelongate, slightly swollen below, upper surface of base minutely gray pubescent. Piercer yellow, short and straight, about equal to the base in length and extending to about the anterior margin of the third abdominal segment (Fig. 44. Length: Body, 2.6 mm.; wings, 3.3 mm.
Holotype male: Moneague, Jamaica, Jan. 28 (W. S. Brooks). Allotype female same locality and collector, Feb.
Type (M.C.Z. No. 27702) and allotype returned to the Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Dorilas (Eudorylas) trinidadensis n. sp. (Figs. 5a-c)
This species appears to be most closely related to D. lindneri (Collin), but eyes of the male are separated on the front. The antennae are entirely yellow and the genital characters and wing venation are very different. Male.
Head: Eyes very narrowly separated on the front, in the median portion this separation is about one- third the width of one eye facet. Narrowed portion of the front and ocellar triangle shining black, frontal triangle and face silvery gray pubescent.
Occiput chiefly gray,
brownish to black pollinose on upper portions. Mouth- parts and antennae entirely yellow. Bristles of second antenna1 segment yellowish brown and rather strong. Third segment obtuse, rounded below (Fig. 5a). Basal
portion of each arista yellow. Thorax: Mestonotum, scutellum and metanotum black in ground color, the latter grayish pollinose the others chiefly brownish. The hind margins of mesopleura, upper halves of pteropleura and upper margins of sternopleura are yellow, the remainder of the pleura are brown. The humeri are dark yellowish brown, the tegulae are brown and the halteres yellow ex- cept for brownish discolorations on the knobs. The propleura are bare, the dorsocentral hairs are present but weak and the marginal hairs of the scutellum are not



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8 Psyche [Mar.
well developed. Legs : Entirely yellow except for brown- ish cox= and apical subsegments of tarsi. Femora slen- der, flexor spines absent, except on the middle pair. Tibiffi without apical spurs or spines and with no well- developed bristles on the outer sides. Wings: Hyaline or nearly so. Stigma brown, filling all of the third costal section. Third section equal in length to the fourth. The fifth section is about equal in length to the third and fourth combined. The r-m crossvein is situated near the basal fifth of the discal cell and the last section of the fourth vein (MI + 2) is very slightly curved. Abdomen: Sub- shining black, rather lightly brown pollinose on the dor- sum and gray on the sides. The side spots of the fifth tergum extend rather conspicuously onto the dorsum, the interruption between the two spots is equal to about one- third the width of the abdomen. The sides of the abdo- men are almost parallel. The first tergum has a row of six to eight short dark bristles on each side, the remainder of the abdomen is rather conspicuously covered with short erect hairs. Hypopygium: Almost equal in length to the fifth abdominal segment and with a very large apical membranous area (Fig. 5b). The sixth and seventh terga are plainly well developed, visible from a dorsal view. From a lateral view the seventh tergum is wider than that portion of the eighth segment visible from the side (Fig. 5c). The eighth segment is dark brownish black, lightly grayish brown pollinose. The coxopodite is brownish red at the base and yellowish on apical portion. The har- pagones are yellowish red in color, are rather slender and each harpago is pointed on the inner apex (Fig. 5c). Length: Body, 4.0 mm. ; wings, 5.7 mm. Female unknown. Holotype male: Port of Spain, Trinidad, July (W. S. Brooks).
Type (M.C.Z. No 27703) returned to the Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Cephalosphasra panamaensis n. sp.
(Figs. 6a-d)
This species is related to C. elegantula (Williston), it is distinguished by the short acuminate, yellow third anten-



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104.81 Hardy~Neotropical Dorilaidae 9
nal segment; the opaque abdomen and the all yellow femora.
Male. Head: Eyes joined on the front for a distance slightly greater than the length of the frontal triangle. Front and face silvery pubescent, occiput chiefly gray, lightly brownish above. Mouthparts and antennae bright yellow, first two antenna1 segments slightly discolored with brown. Basal portion of the aristse yellow. Second anten- nal segment with one long and two or more shorter bristles below. Third segment moderately pointed but not long acuminate below (Fig. 6b), rather densely covered with yellow pubescence. Thorax: Mesonoturn black in. ground color densely brown pollinose except for gray anterior corners. Posterior calli, scutellum and pleura brownish yellow in ground color, the scutellum is brownish dusted and the pleura gray. The humeri are bright yellow in color, the tegnlas are yellow brown. The halteres are chiefly pale yellow with the knobs slightly discolored. The propleura each have a fan of yellow hairs, the clorso- central hairs are present although weak and the scutel- lum has a row of moderately developed hairs on its hind margin. Legs: Ooxse and apical subsegments of tarsi brown, legs otherwise yellow. Femora stout, flexor spines well developed. Tibise without strong apical spines or spurs and with no unusually strong bristles on the outer side of the swollen portion.
Wings: lightly
brownish furnose, stigma brown and occupying all of the third costal section. Third section two times longer than the fourth and equal in length to the fifth costal see- tion. Crossvein r-m situated at the basal third of the discal cell. The appendix on the fourth vein (Ml + 2) is one and one-half times longer than the r-m crossvein and extends nearly half way to the wing margin. The last section of the fourth vein (beyond the fork of MI and 2) is one and two-thirds longer than the penultimate section. The last section of the fifth vein is equal to the m cross- vein in length. The petiole of the cubital cell is one and one-half times longer than the r-m crossvein. Abdomen: Chiefly brown pollinose, very faintly subshining First tergum entirely gray. Terga two to four gray only on the



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10 Psyche [Mar.
sides. Fifth tergum with a large silvery gray spot on each side occupying posterior half of segment, these are rather narrowly separated in the middle. First tergum with four or more strong black bristles on each, side. Abdomen otherwise very sparsely haired. Hypopygium: Asymmetrical, developed toward the right side and with an elongate membranous area at the apex (Pig. 6d). The hypopygium, from dorsal view is about equal to slightly longer than the fifth abdominal segment. The seventh
tergum is poorly developed, scarcely visible from a dorsal view. The eighth tergiun is brown in color, the eoxopo- elite and harpagonee are yellow brown.
The harpagones
are short and broad and appear to be blunt at apices. Lemgth: Body, 5.2-5.5 mrn, ; wings, 6.7-7.5 mm. Female: The front is entirely silvery. At its widest portion it is scarcely more than half as wide as the face just above the mouthparts. Front gradually narrowed, at the ocellar triangle it is about equal to the width of one ocellus. The corn are yellow and the apical subseg- ments of the tarsi lighter brown than in the males. The tarsal claws and pulvilli are very strongly developed especially on the front two pairs of legs, about equal in length to the last three subsegments of tarsus. Each subsegment of posterior tarsi is produced into a moder- ately strong spur-like projection at the apex above (Fig. 6a). The abdomen is rather clavate in shape, being widest at segments four to five. The sides of the abdomen are yellowish brown in ground color with the gray side spots as in the male. The gray markings of the fifth tergum are rather broadly joined on the hind margin and the sixth is all gray except for a small basal portion which is brown. Hind margin of sixth tergum not excised. Ovipositor base rather globose, swollen above and below. Base chiefly polished- bright red, covered with. white pubescence on the anterior portion. Fiercer straight, yellow, about equal in length to its base and extending slightly beyond apex of the third abdominal segment (Fig. 6c). Length: Body, 5.0 mm.; wings, 6.0 mm. Holotype male: Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, Panama, July 17, 1924- (N. Banks). AIlotype female: Ancon,



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19481 Hardzj-Neot ropical Dorilaidae 11
Canal Zone, Aug. 6, 1924 (N. Banks). One paratype male, same locality and collector as type, July 16, 1924. Type (M.C.Z. No. 27704) and allotype returned to the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Paratype retained temporarily in the Iowa State College collection, to be later deposited in the U. S. National Museum. TomosvAryella tuberculata 11. sp.