Article beginning on page 165.
Psyche 5:165, 1888.

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February-March i8Sg.J PLY ?THE. 165
OBSERVATIONS ON SOME VARIATIONS OF THE MALES IN CLINIDIUM.
BY FREDERICK JiLANCI-IARD, LOWELL, MASS. In the Transactions of the American
Ent. Soc. v. p. 162, Dr. LeConte dis-
cusses at some length the Rhysodida: of
the United States. A recent examina-
tion of a small series of Chnidium
showed, on comparison with the notes
and descriptions in the above mentioned
paper, quite considerable differences in the J characters. There are before me
four males and nine females. Of these,
only one, a <? without locality, has the thorax oblong as required by the defini- tion of sculptile given by LeConte.
The others have the thorax distinctly
narrower anteriorly as is said of calcara- turn. One $ from D. C. agrees in its
sexual characters with the description of sculjtile ; the anterior tibiae, however, are much more strongly angulate than
is indicated by the figure given. For the sake of comparison the following copy
is given of the description of the 8 of
sculptile ; - "Front thighs distinctly
toothed ; front tibiae rather suddenly di- lated on the inner side, above the oblique groove, then sinuate ; middle and hind
tibiae subsinuate on the inner side, pro- duced inwards at tip into a sharp process. Prosternum with a broad stripe ofvelvety surface ; ventral segments with spots of similar pubescence."
In calcaratum 8, the 'Front thighs
are not toothed ; front tibias very feebly dilated on the inner side; middle and
hind tibias with a large pointed apical
process on the inner side, one half the
length of the tibiae ; under surface with- out velvety spots.
A second f from N. C. is like the
first mentioned, but differs in having
the hind thighs distinctly toothed inside, just before the apex, and in the proster- num being quite smooth at the middle,
without any trace of velvety pubescence. The hind tibiae are more distinctly sin- uate.
In two other males also from N. C.,
the front thighs have a small tooth ; the front tibias are rather suddenly narrowed at base and not at all angulate ; the
middle and hind tibiae with apical in-
flexed process, on the posterior ones
very strong, apparently quite as well
developed as is said of calcaraturn ; hind thighs as usual, merely sinuate before
the apex ; prosternum smooth, abdomen
with velvety pubescence on the first four segments.
A majority of the females seen have
the last ventral strongly protuberant at middle, and transversely impressed be-
hind. Others are intermediate between
these and those having the same seg-
ment merely feebly convex. In all, the
front thighs are not toothed, the middle and hind tibias simple and the proster-
num and abdomen without velvety spots
at middle.




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To exhibit it a glance the differences
in the males the following table is added : Anterior ventral segments pubescent at
middle, front thighs toothed.
Front tibias angulate.
Hind thighs not toothed, prosternum
velvety pubescent at middle.
A. scul-ptile.
Hind thighs toothed, prosternu~m
smooth. B.
Front tibiae sinuate, not at all angu-
late, prosternum smooth, hind
tibiae with stronger apical process.
c.
Ventral surface without velvety pube-
scence along the middle, front
thighs not toothed, front tibiae not
anplate, apical processes of mid-
dle and hind tibias very long.
D. calcaratum.
C. scu///iZe. Newm. is not rare in the
Atlantic States.
C calcaratum Lee is
from Or. and V.I.
Were the above described secondary
8 characters in A, B, and
C, accoin-
panied by any constant differences in
form or sculpture, three very distinct spe- cies would seem to be indicated ; but
there does not appear to be the slightest clew to show which females belong with
any of the males, and it is perhaps not
impossible that a series of specimens
may prove that the 9 of D, is not easily distinguishable from the eastern forms.
In conclusion it is suggested that those who are located within the faunal limits of Clinidium examine their material for
the purpose of learning if all the varia- tions mentioned, or any others not yet
noted, occur in one locality. In the
vicinity of Lowell the family does not
appear to be represented.
SOME NEW COMPARISONS OF PIERIS OLERACEA WITH P. NAPI. BY SAMUEL HUBBARD SCUDDER, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. As Pierif, oleracea of North America
has been regarded as identical with P.
mji of Europe by some who have stud-
ied only the markings of the wings, I
have thought a comparison based on the
early stages would be desirable ; this I am now able to make by the kindness of
Mr. J. Jenner Weir of England, who has
kindly sent me a number of specimens
of blown larvae and living chrysalicls of the latter.
Other caterpillars from the
continent have been ofservice.
The mature caterpillar of P. oleracea
differs from that of P. nafi of Europe
in the more uniform pile with which the
body is clothed, and by the apparent ab- sence of those comparatively large coni- cal wartlets, ten or twelve times larger than the smaller ones, which form so
conspicuous a feature in both P. ua$i




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