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Psyche 4:311-314, 1883.

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With regard to the tongue of the honey-bee, PSYCHE.
many authorities regarded it as a tube
through its entire length, others as a gutter -
or trough, while in reality it is a trough on CAMBRIDGE, MASS., JULY-SEPT. i88s.
the upper side at the apex and a tube for the -- rest of its length; the structure of the extreme apex (Reaumur's "bouton") ,-about Communications, exchanges and editors' copies which there existed so difference of should be addressed to EDITORS OF PSYCHE, Cam- opinion.ÌÔwa easily out by the use of bridge, Slavs. Communications for publication in the means Mr. Cheshire recommended. Pa CIXE must be properly authe?tticaied, and no anony- 4 JULY 1883.-Miss E. A. Ormerod exhibit- mou~ articles will bepublished.
ed a bunch of Aiheux ibis, Fabr., found on a Editors and contritidor~ are only re~ponsitle for the sprig of alder [Ahzns] ovei hanging water at statements made in their own communications. Hanipton Court by Mr. J. Arkwright.
The
Worts on subjects not related to entomology will not sw arm of flies measured about 6 in. [IS cm.] be revicv~ed in PSYCHE.
long by 3 in. [7.5 cm 1 broad, and consisted For rate's of subscription mid of advertising', see ad- of many thousand specimens.
vertisii~g columns.
Mr. E. A. Fitch called attention to ;L figure of a similar swarm of this species in the Coinpte-rendu of the Soci6t.i entoinologique PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. de Belgique, for July 4th, 1874. Mi". W. L. Distant exhibited specimens of ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.
four of the file known species of American 6 JUN~ 1,383.- prof. J. 0. westwood, the j'zdgoridae. Three were from Central Amer- honorary life-president, read an address, ica' upon taking tile ,.llair, in ,)hich he briefly Mr. G. C. Champion stated that in Cen-
reviewed the progress entomology had made tral America he had kept forty or fifty speci- in times within his remembrance. mens of fidgoridae alive for days, and M~. ~~~~k cheshire, who was
as a
had seen no trace of luminosity, neither did vi3itor, made some observations on section- they stridulate; the evidence of the natives cutting of the probosces, of honey-feeding also was quite against these insects being insects, as referred to by Prof. Westwood in lun~inous.
The fulgoridae were very slug-
his address. He recommended that the insect gi'-h in their habits, Mr. Champion ohsew- to be operated upon should be kept fasting ing that he commonly found
On
for some time and then fed upon honey mixed the trunks of tlees, whele the? sometimes with gelatine impregnated with some highly remained for days; he had never seen a
colored dye; the insect should be immediate- specimen on the wing.
Mr. Champion also
ly decapitated and the head rapidly cooled; ralnted that he had not infrequently found it should then be
in gelatine and
larvae attached to and feeding on the white the section cut by means of the mlcrotome. cottony secretion so abundant about some of The mouth-passage i& then easily seen from the smaller fulgoridae; he had found as
the presence of the dye.
M~. cheshire then
many as three larvae attached to one imago. made some extended remarks on his various Prof. Westwood commented on the great
observations upon the minute structure and interest of this last announcement, remark- anatomy of the honey-bee, stating that many ing that the three cases of lepidopteious par- of his results differed much from the
asitism on the ftilgoridae already recorded erallv received authoritative statements. bj him (Trans. Entom %oc. ~ond., 1876, p.



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519; 1877, p. 433) occurred on eastern spe- cies. He was glad to hear that Mr. Cham- pion had sent home specimens of the
parasitic larvae, and hoped that further infor rnation would be attainable.
Mr. G. Lewis remarked on the different
forms existing in the various species of lucanidae, and stated that he believed these were due to the food of the larvae-whether the diet of the individual larva was nutri- tions and abundant or otherwise.
Prof. Westwood remarked that the great
modifications in the size, curvature, deflec- tion and dentition of the mandibles in male Ittcanida8 required great caution in not too hastily assuming identity of species in cases of great individual divergences.
I AUG. 1883.-Sir Sidney Saunders cornmu- nEcated the purport of two Setters addressed to him by M. Edrnond Andd, of Beaune,
upon the subject of the terminal segments "des chalcides h queue" ; elating that, after further investigation, he concurred in consid- ering Sichel's so-called hy/opygiwm in those genera (Roc. Entom. soc. Lond., 1882, p. 26, fig. p) as a conjoint segment comprising the dorsal and ventral arcs of the 7th. This he intends to notice in the Annales of the French entomoiogical society.
Mr. R. Meidola read notes from Dr. Fritz Miiller, on the following subjects : "Persecu- tion of distasteful butterflies by birds," "The colour of the pupa of Papilie fdydmas"
[showing that the green or brown coloration of the pupa does not depend upon the color of the object on which it pupates^, and "How the caterpillar of Euuomia eagrus, Cram., employs its hairs" [showing by a figure how this glaucopid moth distributes its hairs each way from the pupa along the twig on which it pupates in order to defend the pupa from ants and non-flying foes.] '
1 The last two papers are printed in German under the title8"Die farbe der puppen von PapiUopoiydum#~'* and "Wie die rnupe von Eituorn;~ engms illre haare verwendtt" in Kosmos, March 1883, jahrg. 6, v. 12, p. 4@W-
SEW. 1883.-Mr. F. Enock exhibited a
perfectly bilateral hermaphrodite Macvopis labiata, Panz., the antennae, face, palpi, mandibles, legs, and genitalia showing very characteristically; the right side wae male, the left female. [This bee is> figured (Tram. Entom. SOC. ~Ond., 1883; Proc. p. 2511.
In discus~ion, Vanessa cwditi, L., Pantala ffavwe~s, Fabr,, and the trimorphic forms of Nesswa viridis, L., were mentioned as being of cosmopolitan distribution, and
Dmis arrhijifus, Fabr., was instanced as a specie6 which had but lately taken to migra- tion, being now found in Britain, the Azores, New Caledonia, and various oceanic islands, where it wa6 previously known not to occur. 3 OCT. 1883.-Mr. W. F. Kirby, on behalf
of M. Alfred Wailly, who was present as a visitor, exhibited a large box containing nu- merous bred specimens of various silk-pro- ducing bombycidae. . . . One extraordinary specimen of a Sawia was very notable;. . . on this Mr. Kirby read a note entitled "Ab- normal specimen of the genus Suwzia."
[This note, describing the specimen in
detail, is printed in Trans. Entom. soc. Lond., 1883 ; Pmc-, p. 27. Concerning this specimen and description the following remarks are furnished to the editors of PSYCHE : -
ABNORMAL SPECIMENS OF SAMIA AND AL-
LIES. The Sad described by Kirby is noth- ing but a suffused aberration of cecru#ia. It emerged from a cocoon received among many others of cccvojia from the United States by Mom. Wailly, of London, Eng., who after- wards disposed of the moth to Mona. Godeffroi Mollinger, residing in the Netherlands. The tatter sent me at the time at1 excellent, full size photograph of the insect, from which I saw in a moment that it was an abnormal
cec~ofia, I have two agreeing with it almost exactly, save that they are not so large ; have also seen another in a collection in New York that h nearly like it; in fact those things are not ~uch rarities; almost any one who breeds large numbers of this or other species is likely out of the number to find some such monsters,



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or '+Spielarten" as the Germans designate them. I have at various times bred or acquired otherwise examples of Telea /n^iy/Aemus des- titute of the ocelhte spots of the primaries ; also of endless variety of color ; of Aniberaea yamnmai I have some sulphur, others olive, and one black; of Tm$aea tuna some with
two ocelli on one upper wing, and one with- out ocelli on any of the wings; and so on, I might go on enumerating hundreds in my
own possession, besides many more scattered in various collections over the world.-Her- man Strecker, Reading, Penn.]
5. Due. 1883. - Mr. F. P. Pascoe exhibited some remarkable insects' nests from Delagoa Bay. They varied from half an inch [13 mm.] to an inch and a quarter [33 mm.] in length, and in shape from globular to ovate. They were semitransparent, yellowish, and the sur- face, under a lens, had a reticulate appearance ; on one side, from the base to the apex was a stout suture, to which was attached a septum extending about two-thirds across the interior; on each side of this septum, but away from the suture, were placed in an erect position about 120 cylindrical eggs. These nest8 had much the appearance of the dried pods of the "blad- der senna;" they were retained by a movable loop to the slender twigs of a shrub which Sir Joseph Hooker had pronounced to be a Rft~mft#~.
Mr. R. McLachIan considered that. these
curious bladder-iike eggcases belonged to one of the manttdae.
Mr. Wood-Mason did not think they should be attributed to the mctdidae, altho poseibiy it might be so; he pointed out that the eggs were arranged in quite a different manner to those of any Mantis he had seen. He also suggested that the large vacant space existing between the egg-mass and the outside of the capsule would probably be protective against parasitic insects. -Abstracted and compiled from Trans. Entom. soc. Loud., r883; Pi-or., 3. '3-35.
2 APRIL 1884.-Mr. H. J. EIwes read a
paper, " On the genus Pamassian." especially referring to the anal pouch in the females as a specific character, and to the geographical distribution of the species; and made some t-emnrks on their life-history. Mr. Elwes commented on the fact that almost every EYE- tematic writer except Boisduval had entirely overlooked the presence of the anal pouch. He illustrated his remarks by numerous dia- grams, and by the exhibition of specimens of every known species and form occurring in the genus.
Lord Walsingham communicated a paper
on "North American iortricidue." [Rec.,
3933-3
7 MAY 1884.-Mr. W. V. Kirby exhibited
it remarkably small and dark variety of Samia cecropia Linn., bred by Mr. Alfred Wailly. Mr. A. S. Olliff exhibited a. new species of Heloia, collected in Angola by Dr. Wel witsch. The genus was previously known only from eastern Asia. Mr. Olliff said that Lord Wal- singham had pointed out to him a similar and equally unexpected case of geographical distribution in the genus Desierocu$us: of Zeller, belonging to thefterofAoriVue, which up to this time had only been known from Java, and of which he has lately received an uildescribed species from Bathurst, West Africa.
Mr. A. G. Butler communicated a short
paper by Mr. A: R. Grote entitled, "Note on the North American genus Hemileuca."
Mr. W : H. Fatton communicated " Some
notes on the classification and synonymy of fig-insects."
z JULY 1884.-Dr. Fritz Miitler (of Blum- enau, Smta Catharina, Brazil) and Dr. A. S. Packard (of Providence, Rhwie Island, U. S. A.) were elected honorary members of society.
Mr. T. R. Billiips exhibited specimens
(some living) of Pelopaeus arckifectus, and its nest, which was found attached to a leaf of tobacco from Oweneboro, Kentucky, and taken from a hogshead recently opened at Whitechapel, England.
Mr. W. F. Kirby said that he had seen a




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Ult A W1 LJ-tJL-. 1 J Uly-;K}lLeiiHJi;I $MS.' nest similar to the one now exhibited attached at St. Helier's, quite thinking it-was a hemip- to a pod [ear] of maize.
leron; when running it had its wings over- Mr. T. R. Billups stated that he had fre- lapping in true bug fashion. quently witnessed encounters between the Miss E. A. Onnerod exhibited a piece of larva of Oryjus olefts and earthworms, and. leather perforated by 08s-tridae, the punctures had kept Carahs anratus alive on nothing being more than one to the square inch [16 but earthworms for more than five months. to the square decimetqel,. Miss Ormerod Dr. D : Sharp remarked that Cyhsier roe- called attention to what is known of the life- seli had been kept alive from five to seven history of our bot-flies, and especially of the years by being fed on earthworms once. or warble-fly (Hy/ode~mft bovi,i), and alluded to . -
twice a day; he thought . . . . that eartliworms the practicd necessity ofattempting to lessen were the favorite food of carnivorous coleo- the amount of injury occurring both to the ptera.
cattle themselves and to the hides.
Mr. W. L. Distant exhibited an ordinary
Messrs. W. L. Distant, E. A. Fit&, and + specimen of Cilix s/inuIa, and remarked that C : V. Riley made further remarks upon the though its peculiar position when at rest had same subject.
,
been described, it had not been noticed that Mr. A. Wailly exhibited a large box of bred it thus perfectly resembled a species of the lepidoptera, especially of silk-producing horn- hornopterous genue Fluta. . . . He further Syces. Amongst them :. . were larvae hy- remarked that the'term "mihicry," recently brid between S k u cei-ropiu and 5. ceonotki loosely-used, could not be applied here, as (caUfornica) ; the
had paired with-
the moth could hardly be considered to out forcing in any way, but no pairing mimic a Plata which did not occur in our between the sexes of 5. ceawothi could be fauna. obtained; he believed these larvae would - Mr. E. A. Fitch called attention to the produce 5. gloved. . . . great resemblance that Cilix sfi?da bore to 3 SEPT. 18&.-WS,r. W. F. Kirby, on be-
the excrement of a bird, when at rest on the half of Mr. A. Wailly, who was present as a ' upper side of a leaf, as
its common
visitor, exhibited. . . cocoo,nsof Ceratoc(tmya practice.
im$ertqlis, and tflr., Waiily said that his sus- Mr. A. G. Butler remarked on the great
picions that this larva was a cannibal had' similarity sometimes existing between lepi- been fully verified by Mr. E. F. Hitchings, ' dopterous and homopterous insects ; he had of Warren, Mass., who thus writes respecting lately described a lithosiid allied to N~ddct- [his species :- +
ria, from New Holland, which he certainly In the fall of 1881 I obtained several al- thought at first was a homopteron; the re- most fulLgrown larvae and put them in a
semblance was so striking that he had named bas with plenty of pine and button-wood - .
the genns Homo/ftyche; the hairs along the leaves; in a few days I noticed that several costa were very striking, and he quite be- had disappeared, and upon examination found lieved this was a case of mimicry. Quite the skins with the juice all extracted. They . lately he had found a'second specimen in the were all of large size, and I found one or two [British] museum collection, which had been of these skins held in the manner described by put away in the supplementary cabinet as you.
I then nut in several full-grown larvae
not a lepidopterous insect.
of Teiea Jfiafy/!teraits, and they were disposed Mr. F. P. Pascoe, in connection with the of in the .same yay. :rhis led me to conclude above, exhibited, a large and pretty chalcid they were carnj.vorous. In 1882 I noticed (which Mr. Filch determined as one of the the same thing.'
clemymivfue), which he had lately captured (To it conhued.)




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