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Psyche 3:248-258, 1880.

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248 [2338-23501 PSYCHE.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL RECORD.
Authors and societies are requested to forward their works to the editors as soon as å´piibZished
The date of å´publication given in brackets [I, marks the time at which the work was received, unless an earlier date of å´publicatio is known to recorder or editor. Unless otherwise stated each record is made directly from the work that is noticed. Corrections of errors and notices of omissions are solicited. [Allen, Grant.] The origin of flowers [by Barnes, C. R. The anthers of clefhra. G. A.]. (Cornhill magazine, May 1878, (Bot. gazette, Aug.-Sept. 1880, v. 5, p. v- 37, P- 534-550.) 104-10.5.)
Considers the color sense in animals, in its bearings Cross-pollination in cletkra aln(foZin andc. aftminata upon the evolution of colored flowers, etc. "is effected almost altogether by honey bees" [api's W: T. (2338) meZ/z#ca], which visit the flowers for nectar secreted by - epipetalous glands. W: T. (2345)
Arcangeli, G. L'amor$hofifialZus titanurn Beccari. ( ~ ~ 0 ~ 0 giorn. hot. ital., 7 ~uly Batalin, A. Beobachtungen uber die Be- 1879, v. 11, p. 217-223.) stauhung einiger Pflanzen. (Bot. Zeitung, Shows that insects are attracted to the spathe, and 28 Jan' "70, v'
p' 53-55.)
discusses the pollination of the flowers. Describes the floral structure of sngYna, mimulus W: T. (2339) and syringa. Notes insects which visit the becond. W: T. (2346)
Austin, Mrs. R. M.
Leaves of darlingtonia
callfornica and their two secretions. (Bot. gazette, Nov. 1878, v. 3, p. 91, 9 cm.)
Describes the nectar and digestive fluid secreted by the Californian pitcher plant, and notes that insects are found in the leaves. W: T. (2340)
Axell, Severin.
Om anordningarna for de
fanerogama vaxternas hefruktning. Stock- holm, 1869. 116 p., 24x16, t 16.5X10.5; 58 fig.
Discusses the modes of pollination in floweringplants, describing the adaptation of many to crossing by aid of insects. W: T. (2.~1)
Beal, W: James. Carnivorous plants. (Proc. Amer. assoc. advanc. sci., 1875, v. 24, p. 251-33.)
Describes the insect-catching of several genera of insectivorous plants.
Records the capture of insects
by viscid hairs of others, and by the stick bud-scales of still other species. &. (2347)
Behrens, W. Die Bestaubungsmechanismus
bei den Gattung coboea.
(Flora, 11 Sept.
1880, v. 63, p. 403-410.)
Shows the adaptation of coboea scandens to fertili. zation by humble bees [bo~nbus- ~nd contrasts it with the sphingophilous coboea pendd/iflora.
W: T. (234s)
Bailey, W: Whitman. Cross fertilization ~~1~. T: B~~~ and clover. pqature, II of baffisia tinctoria. (Bot. gazette, Aug.- N c,v. 187s, v, 26, 14 cm.) Sept. 1880, v. 5, p. 94, 2 cm.)
Apropos of the sending of English humble-bees Humble bees [bombus] effect crossing of distinct [bodus] to New Zealand to induce fruiting of clover flowers. W: T. (2342) Ltrifoiiuwz], the writer shows that bombus terrestn's invariably vierces the clover flowers t'of their nectar, ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ , M~~~ E. &faryland fungi. (B~- and is th6sinjurious instead of beneficial. The habits tanical gazette, Apr. 18sI, v. 6, p. 2oI.) of this species when visitin other flowers art noted. It is suggested that bi-es couldbest be shipped in winter, Remarks (8 cm.) on the dissemination of the spores during the hibernation of the fertilized queens. of phalloids by insects which are attracted by the loath- W: T. (2349)
some odor of these fungi. w: T. (43i3)
Belt. T: The importation of humble bees
Barber, Mrs. M. E. On the structure and into New %aland. (Science gossip, 1878, fertilization
of lz'å´pari. bowkeri. (Journ. p- 89-90, 18 cm.) Linn. soc.,
Bot., 6 Feb. 1868, v. 10, p. Discusses the behavior of several English species 455-458.)
of bombus when visiting flowers of trifolium tense and believes that I bees are to be iinportek% Describes the adaptation of the flowers of this orchid the sake of securin clover-seed, the proper species is to cross-fertilization by hymenoptera and diptera and b. lapidaks, which "although it has the longest no figures a hypothetical insect in one flower; bnt dogs noi boscis, has also the shortest temper al1d most vir~lkni mention having seen insects at work. W: T. (2.344) venom." W: T. (2350)



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Bennett, Alfred W. Fertilization of the
pansy. (Nature, 19 June 1873, v. 8, p. 143, 5 cm.1
Records observations on 'nioia calruraiu, v. rtatior and n. Sacteu whit11 lie believes to be fertilized by bees: and on 7,. iricolor which he believes to be fartil~zfccl bv thr@~. Ìö': T. (3151)
Bennett, Alfred W.
The fertilization of the
wild pansy. (Nature, 15 May 1873, v. 8,
P. ~ ~ 0 . 1
Describes the structure of the flowers of wida in- dor var. amsic, which he believes adapted to fcrtili- zation hy fArips. Notes the presence of theae insects in the flowers. W: T. (3332)
Bennett, Alfred W.
Fertilization of r&us
acdeatus. (Journ. of botany, Jan. 1870,
v. 8, p. 9-10, ir cm.)
In uires as to the mode of fertilimtinn, Betievca that the time of flowering, in midwinter, is against its ftirtil~nation by insects, and cannot sea how it cfrn be an~rnophilous, Criticizes a statement of ?#Nab, act0 the riispositinn and time of appcarancc of the flower^ , W; T. as^)
Bennett. Alfred W. Further observations
on protandry and protogyny.
(Town. of
botany, 1871, v, 9, p. 329-330,)
Notes that some of the species noted in his "Oteervfi- tions In protandry and protogmy" . . . [Rec., t 61 .la syn~cmic are protiindrous, whiti; a few noted bek as prntnndrous are svnacmic. Jleacrihes adaptation to crif^i.fcrtillzation h firre or trio species, mid ndds to thi? lixt ni piants observed with res~icct t~ rotandry or protngyny. I+? T. ;z&)
Bennett, Alfred W, Note on the structure and affinities of$a#wu.isia$alwt~i~, L. ( ourn. Linn. sac., Bob, la Nov. 1868, v. n ?I], P. 24-31.]
Inchtdes a description of the flower and of its ftirtil. izfltion by insects, chiefly "a long-legged dipterous fellow." W: T. ~ 5 s )
Bennett, Alfred W. Observations in pro-
tandry and protogyny in British plants.
(Joyn. of botany, Oct. 1870, v. 8, p. 31';- 321.)
Abstract. (Rept. Brit. asaoc. advanc.
sci., 1870, p. in, 4 cm.)
Describes the dicho amy of A number nf plants, as a means of securing tkir cross-fertilization by iusect ageno'. The abstract falsifies the text. Fir: T, (2356; Bennett, Alfred W. Remarkable plants. 2. Some curious orchids.
(Nature, 23 Feb.
1s77, V- 15, P- .157-3.';9-)
A review of C : Darwin's "The various enntrivances by which orchids are fertilized by injects. ad ed."
[Re<., 2379].
Treats of the general structure of the
ircluri flower, and Hie pnHin:ition of car avthec mm. ~rndha, ritl(~ehm ssaccofrmt, and worwffdff i^wff hy aid rtf insects. 11': (2357)
Berkeley, Miles J. Eg fungi. (Intellec-
tual observer, July 1866, v. 9, no. 54, p- 401-4&-)
States (p. +oa) that the aporifemus mass nf the stink- liorn ($?tallus tm/udims) is a favorite fwd of flies, W: T. (2358)
Bemsey, C: Edwin.
Sensitive stamens in
for/ulaca. (Amer. nat., Aug. 1873, v- 7, P. 464-46';.
. . . . ",
Shows how the irritability of thestamens in pftrtuZacn ff~'d~ififfom and /. oifracfa aids in cross fertilization. rod. the visit nt' **a small wild bee" to the fftrrru'r. W: T. (~359)
Bonnier. Gaston. Les fleurs et les inscctes. (Revue ecientifique, z Apr. 1881, ser. 3, v- 27, P, 419-425.I
A popular lecture delivered before the "Association scientifiqin; de France
in which the author discusses
the oririn and uses of bra1 and extrarioral nectar and conclwdcs thnt it is merely wn.W transpired t&igh tissue? rha^ed with 'sugar and is in nmvisc an ad~p. tation for &urine-the imll~tlrttion of tho flfevers or the piYitcrtion of tin- plnnt. F: T. (SAW)
Breitenbaoh. W : Die BlUtheneinrichtung
von o m fe~uutum Thnbg. (Rot. Zeitung,
24 Oct. 1879, v. 37, c. 687-693.)
Crit. rev., by H. Miiller, entitled "Berich- tung der von W. Breitenbach gegebenen
Erkliirung der BcstEitit~iingfsvorrichtungvon arum terttutum" (Bot. Zeitung, 19 Dec.
1879, v. 37, c. 838-83g,3 cm.) [Rec.. 2450.1 Deieribes the finrat nrrangmnent for securing, as he believer, close ftrtilixition b~ insect ugencvi W: T, fai61l
. -
British aaaooiation for the advancement
of science - meeiky} - Glasgow
nieef isf, 7876- Section of 'biology. Pres- ident*~ address. (Kept. "British assoc. ad- vane. sci., 1876, p. 1~x19.) (Nfature, f Sep. 1876, v. 14, p. 403-+~2.) (WALLACE, A. R, Tropical nature, chap. 7, p. 349-
303v)
Rev., by H. Miiller, entitled "Uebet die besonderen Beziehungen zwisclten Pflanzen und Insecten, welche sich auf lnseln dar- bieten." (Bert- Jahreabericht . . .Just, 1876, v- 4, P- 941-94^}
Address, bv Alfred Russel Wallace, on by-puths In the domain dbioloey, Discusses, ainongotherthings tlie pceuiinr reifttion~ of b~nts and insects aa exhibited an Island?. correlntin th~peculia.rities of island ilnras witii riw r~aracti~ nt ttie insect fiiiinas of the mine. I+? T. 0362)
Brittato, T: Another insectivorous plant. (Science gossip, Mar. 1877, p. 18.)
States that the flowers of afagvaitm mdresttfriaifo- lifiii caplure flies: and evidently is not aware that the plant i* nor Inscr;tivovnns, and that the capture of small in-rcf; in ik flowers hasbeen known forseveral genera- ttnns. V': T. ($363)




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Canby, W : M.
DarZiaglonia ralsforittca,
an insectivorous plant. (Proc. Amer. assoc. acivanc. sci., 1874, v. 23, pt. 2, p. 64-72.] Shows the adaptation in the leaves ftf the Californian ~itcher plant for the capture of flying insects, and re- cords the observations of J. G. Lemmon on the insects ctipnircd. W: T.
Camel, T. Illustrazione di ma rubiacea
del genera myrmecodia. (Nuovo giorn.
but. itul., July 1872, v. 4, p. 170-176.) TliÌ seedlings of this epiphyte die unless the stem \e pierced by a pmrticiilur species of ant, but in cast tills uipptins, the stem cntarvs t~ form a g:dI.like exeres- cencc, in which theantsevcavate @lerics, xnd establish tlit-rti~lvey while thp phnt goes on to complete dwel- opi~ent Similar n'-tation< with ant6
nre indicnte-fl t??~
species of !iyrfnoph~{ftm and r7~yvdiftdran- W: T. (3365)
Comes, Orazio.
Studii sul la impollinazione
in alcune piante con tavola litografata. Me-
moria per Iaurea premiata dalla Facolta di scienzi naturali della R. universiti di Na- poii. Napoli, 1874. t.-p. cover, 25 p., 23 X 16, t 16X 10.
Describes the floral structure of about an syecics if piants, and nottis the insects seen to visit their finw- firs. Notea the perforation of the wmlla of dvfa and tmpm^hs-m by (~y/ompf~ and a/ok W: T. (3J6^) Crtiger. H.
A few notes on the
fecundation
of orchids, and their morphology.
(Journ.
Linn. soc., Bat., 3 Mar. 1864, v. 8, p. 127- 135 pi- 9-1
Describes the adaptations ^br fertiliuition in cutwsr coryunflfes and stmho ea
which are visited by
bee? [lw~~firn,~ and t@ov.vn?)
;he purpnse dgnawing
their Jabcll~. Cock~oachc? [?f/iffta] are also ~Xcd ti^ ha fnnd of the same part d ihc flowers. 117; T* (3367) Darwin, Francis. Bees visiting flowers.
(Nature, 8 Jnn. 1874, v. 9, p. 189-190.) Shows that whereflowers grow in masses so msinv bees fire attracted that a stmng competition arises in the ~fffilberin~ of nectar, in conseqnene^ of which the bees me led to perforate the flowem, that thy may nb. tain their sweet? with the least po-ibk expcndituie of time, Records ohser'i-~tions of the fort on {dfyrm; svfyesft'i's and ph~s~ofifs wtffttfurtfv, shnwln iht the
$crfnr:itTon1? in question HT-F mxlc at e?:nctIv ^he pmp?~ point to he of gr~ilcht service. If'": T. {fl.$'S) D-, C : The effects of cross and self-
fertilization in the ve table kingdom.
N. Y., D. Appleton and g.. 1877. 483 p,, 20X 12, t qXS.5.
"Germ. tr., b V Cams, entitied 'Die
Wirkuneen der Kreiz- und Selbst-befrwh-
tune i i Pflanzenreich.' Stuttgart, E.
Koch, 1877."
;'Fr. tr., by E. Heckel, entitled 'Des ef- fet$ de la fdcondation crois6e et de !a fdcon- dation directe dans Ie rkgne veg4tal.
Ou-
vrage b-aduit de l'anglais et annot4
avec
I'autorisation de I'auteitr.' Park, 1877. 1.5 +496 p."
Rev., by Hermann Milller, entitled "Die
Wkkungen der Kreuzung und Selbstbe-
frucbtungim Pflanzenreiche." (Bot. Jahres- bericht . . . Just, 1876, v. 4, p. 936-938.) Rev., entitled, "The effects of crois and seIf-fertilization in the vegetable kingdom." (Journ. of botany, Mar. 1877, v, 15, n.s., v. 6, p. 87-92.}
Rev., by Asa Gray. entitled
Notice of
Darwin on the effects of cross- and selG fertilization in the vegetable kingdom." (Amer. jonrn. sci. and arts, Feb. 1877, v. 113, 8. 3. V. 13, pa 12.i;-14ii)
Rev., by Hermann Miiller, entitled "Oar- win's Werk: Weher die Wirkungen der
Kreuzung und Selbstbefrnchtung im Pflanz- enreich' und seine Bedeiitnng fur unser
VerstXndniss der 'Rlumenwelt." {Kosmos,
Apr. 1877, v. r, p. 57-67.)
Notice of Cams' Germ. tr., under same
title as tr. (Kosmos, Aug. 1877, v. I, p. 457, 9 cm-)
The author dekiiils a very extensive series of experi- ments in fettilizing flowers with their own pollen and with that From other flowers either on the samc or m
different phtc, showme that the ofTsprin~ h m crrweq n~t1 more numerous rind In every vryf bettm adnptcd to exieence lhzn those r~i'ultin* fro,; in and in t~rfi^dinff. T^etrtilstI rtbter~~itions onthe habits of lto\~cr-visiting in%&ctq are ~iven, FV: T. (336.3) Darwin, C:
"Des effets de la fdcondation
crois4e et de !a f&contlation directe dam Ie rtgne v~+g&tal. Ouvrage traduit de hn-
ginis et annot6 avec I'aittorisation de I'au- teur ar Edouard Heckel. Paris, 1877. 15
I
+49 P-"
Fr. tr.
by E. Heckel of Darwin's " Tlie effects of crnfc* and self fertilization in the vegetable kingdom^ [Rm., s,&l. W: T, (a370)
Darwin, C : On the existence of two forms, and on their reciprocal sexual relation, in several species of the genus linsm. (Journ . Linn. soc., Bot., .1; Feb. 1863, v. 7, p. 69-83, I fig-)
Fr. tr. (Annales des sci. nat., Bot., 1863, ser. 4, v. 19, p. 229-247.)
Describes the heteroffonv of the flowers, which are fertilized chiefly hy sindl dip-. W: T. (2371) Darwin, C:
Fertilization of the fumaria-
ceae. (Nature; 16 Apr. 1874, v. 9, p. 460, 9 cm.)
+ Recnrds the behavior of insects about tile flowcrs of certnin./an~~rikeut, and disc̤sse the chmigt? of color which the flowers nf some species undergo, and its bearing npn the subject ft cm-fcrtilixdtinn, 17> T. (2373)
Darwin, C : On the two forms or dimorphic condition in the species of primula, and on their remarkable sexual relations.
(Tourn. Linn. soc., Rot., 21 Nov. iMt, v. 6, P- 77-95]
Fr. tr. (Annales des set. nat., Bot., 1863, ser. 4, v. 19, p. 204-329.)
States that the flowers are visited by humble-bees [^HHbusL Scrips, etc. W: T, (33;~)




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Darwin. C : Observations sur l'hdt&ron~or- pliisme des fieurs, et ses conskquences pour lafRcondation. (Annalee des sci. nat., not., 1863, tier. 4, v. 19. p. 204-255, pi. 12.) Fr. tr. of C: Darwin's "On the two forms or dimor. hie condition in the species ot primula" . . . (Tourn. i . . I 3 z No. , 6 . pj@[Rec., .ij75],
"On the three remarkabie sexual fitrmt o cafa^cSam i~?dfJiintum.. ." (ap. #I,, 3 Apr. i6'Hi v. 6, p. 151-1 57) [Rec., $3751, and "On the exiftencc of two farms.. , in ~Wei-11 species of the genus fi'ttffd o . cif., 5 Feb. Is~,v.~,p.+~)[1'iec.,w1. (4:y. <W+l
'Dm, C: On the three remarkable sex-
ual forms of cdm-tam Menfaturn, an
orchid in the possession of the Linnaeaii society. (Journ. Linn. soc., Rot., 3 Apr. 1S6q v. 6, p. 151-157.)
Fr. tr. (Annales des sci. nat., Bot., 13-53, ser. 4. v. 19, p. 247-255, pi. 12, figs. A, i, 3, and 3.) -
Shows that the plants formerly known a$ c-a#ufdu?~ Iriffentaium. ntoaadtfifttktS~ vin^is and mv.ft?if/fits bay. Rev., by E. F[ournier?], under full Eng- lish title.
(Bull. soc. bot. de France, Aug.
3862. v. 9, p. 243-246.)
2d ed., entitled '-The various contrivan- ces by which orchids are fertilized by in- sects. 2d ed., rev., with il." N. Y., D. Appleton & Co., 1877. 300 p., aoxiz,
t tjX8.5.
An cxhuuative study into the relations between or- chids and insects. W: T. (~75)
bairn are reipectivelv the male, female ancfhenna hro ditc forms of a sinkie specie^. The mwle nf poT]ina: tinn + insect ~fi^cv is indicated. 11: T. (33751 Darwin, C: On the sexual relations of the three form of lytkrsst salirayim, (Jcrurn. Linn. soc., Bot., 16 June 1864, v. 8, p. 1% i 14.)
.,
The trimdrphic flowers of this
fertilized by hive and humble bees
bodus}^ and by diptern,
Darwin, C : On the specific differences
between h u l a vefi'f, Brit. Fl. (var. ojjt- , n.), <. vulgarfs, Brit. FL (vili-.
acmliy^ Linn. j, and yi. datioq Jftcq. ; and on the hydrid nature of the common oxlip. With supplementary remarks on naturally
prociiiced hybrids in the genus vertiascum. ( Toiirn. Linn. soc., Bot., 10 Mar. 1868, v. 16, P-437-454.1 '
Shows among otliev things how hces or other insects mnv hybridize and deteriorate species oC plants, Notes soh of the infiCcL visitors of the flowers studied. W: T. (2377)
Darwin, C: On the various contrivances
by whicl1'3ritish and foreign orchids are fertilized by insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing. With illustrations. Lond., J : Murray, 1862. 3fn; p., xSXiz, t 13..i;X 7-5 ; 34 fiks.
*'Germ. tr., by k1. G. Bronn. entitled
'Ueber die ~inri6htuneen zur Befruchtune britischer und aus~iindiacher orchideen
durch Insect-in, und ~iber die gunstiffen Erfolge der Wechselbefmchtung.' Sttttt-
Kart, 186~"
Rev., by A. Gray, entitled
Fertilization
of orchids through the agency of insects." (Airier. journ. s&. and arts, "1862, v. 84, 6. a, v. 34: July, p. 138-1441 Nov., p. 420-4253.) Darwin, C : The various contrivances by
which orchids are fertilized by insects. ;d ed., rev., with il. K. Y., D. Appleton & CO., 137.
300 p., SOX 12, 1 15X8.5.
' Germ. tr., by V. Cams, entitled 'Die
verschiedenen Einrichtungen, dnrcli welche Orchicleen von Insecten befruclitet werden. Aus dem Englischen. 2. durchrnsehene
Anflagc, Mit 38 Holzschnitten.' Stutt-
gart, E. Koch, 1877.
259 p."
"Fr. tr,, bv Ed. Heckel."
Rev., by A. W. Bennett, entitled " Re;
markable plants. 2. Some curious orchids. (Nature, 22 Feb. 1877, v. 15, p. 357-359.) Rev., by Hermunn Mdler, under Eng-
lifih title. (Rot. Yahresbericht . . . Tust, 1877, V. 5, p. 741-7G.I
This work is in general the same as the ist ed., "On the various contrivances by which British and forei n orchids HTC fertilized , . . [Rec 33i7^] hut is brou$it np to date, and includes a iis~ of ~apers1bearlrag ott llie fcrt-iliri~tion of orchids which mppfiarcct between 1862 and rå£76 mfl usivc. W: T, 0379)
Dmwin. C ;
" Die verschiedenen Einrich-
tungen, durch welche Orchideen von In-
hecten befruchtet werden. Aus dem En- -
glischen von V. Cams. 2. durchgesehene
Auflnge. Mit 38 Holzschnitten. Stutt-
gart, 12. Koch. 1877. 259 p."
Germ. tr., by Victor Cams, of Darwin's "The various contrivances b which orchids are fertilized b insects. i^ cd. . . . {&c., swi\ W: ?: @#a)
Darwitt, C: "Die Wirkungen der Kreuz-
und Selbst-befrnchtung iin Pflanzenreich. Aus. dem Engiischen von V. Csims. Stutt- gart, E. Koch. 1877."
Notice, under full title. (Kusmos, Aug.
1877, v- 1, P. 457, 9 cm.1
Germ. tr. b Victor Canis of Darwin's "The effects ofcrosa andself fertilization in the vegetable kingdom"