J. H. Paine and W. M. Mann.
Mallophaga from Brazilian Birds.
Psyche 20:15-22, 1913.

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19131 Paine and Mann-Mallophaga from Brmdkm Birh 15 MALLOPHAGA FROM BRAZILIAN BIRDS.]
We have recently received from Dr. E. Snethlage, director of the Division of Zo6logy at the Museu Goeldi at Par%, the small, but very interesting collection of Brazilian Mallophaga listed herewith. The specimens were taken by Dr. Sneth-
lage from birds collected by her. The
identifications of the birds are from the same source.
Goniomtes vemcosus Taschenberg (Fig. 1). Two specimens, male and female, of
this curious form from Crypturus tataupa Temm. (Marajo, Brazil, Nov. 1911).
So far as we know, this is the first record of the female of this species. It is con- siderably larger than the male, especially as regards the length of abdomen. Pe-
culiar to this species are the curious,
dark, semi-circular scales, attached to the dorsal surface of the insect by their lateral edges, and arranged in double and sin-
gle rows on the thorax and abdomen.
(Fig. lb). We figure the female, in
outline, Taschenberg's figure of the male 2 3
being rather indefinite and lacking in
J 3 $9
detail. 1 32 b
Fmg 1. Gonwcotes vmucosus Tnsch.
Measurements.
Length: Q , 1.34
Width :
Head .99 -42
Thorax 24 .42
Abdomen -86 -6%
Gododes cornplanatus Piaget.
Nine specimens, male and female, from Crypturus iataupa Temm. (Marajo, Brazil, Nov. 1911). The head of this species -
1 Contributions from the Entomologkal Laboratory of the Bussey Institution, Harvard University. No. 64.




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16 Psgche [February
bears a close resemblance to certain members of the genus Nirmus. The lobes of the last segment of the abdomen in the female do not appear so prominent as in Piaget's figureV1 Goniodes coniceps Taschenberg. (Fig. 2). Two male and seven females from Cryptums tataupa Temm. (Marajo, Brazil, Nov. 1911). This is apparently the first record of the female of this species.
It
is larger than the male, which
h 4
however, is considerably smaller
than the type of the species.
The first segment of the antenna
of the female is somewhat shorter
than that of the male (Fig. 2,
c-d); the abdomen is also much
broader. We also figure the last
segments of the male (Fig. 2b).
Measurements.
9 , length: 1.56 Width :
Head -46 .60
Thorax 28 -60
Abdomen -90 -80
3, length : 1.40 Width :
Head .4% .58
Thorax 27 .57
Abdomen .SO .72
Goniodes pennaticeps sp. nov.
(Fig. 3).
One male specimen from An-
thus lutescens Puch. (Marajo,
Brazil, Nov. 1911) . This species
belongs to the group of G. laticeps
Piaget and of G. alkeps Nitzsch,
closely resembling the latter, but
differing strikingly in size, the
Fig. 2. Goniodes cofiicep Piaget,
present species being less than
IPiaget, E. Les F6diculines, 11, Pl. XXI, fig. 8. (1880).



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19131 Paine and Mann-Mallophaga from Brazilian Birds 17 half as long. Carrikerl lists and figures a form under the name of G. laticeps Piaget which, from his figure, is apparently G. alkeps Nitzsch.
Description of male: Head broadly conical, broader than longy with rounded front; three minute hairs on the clypeus on each side and two more prominent pustulated ones on the dorsal surface near the center. Notch for the reception of the antenn~ distinct but not deep; antennze situated well forward, with first segment longest and broadest;
second segment longer than
those followingy fourth shortest
and third and last of about
equal length; last segment
truncate. Antenna1 bands
prominentj extending from
margin before the antennz in
to the mandibles; dark chest-
nut in color except midway
between margin and mandibles
where they are blackish. A
largej oval spacej light in color,
before the mandibles, with a
small crescent shaped signa-
ture near the center. Eye
largey slightly protrudingy with
a small hair at its posterior
margin ; a rounded ocular
blotch in front of the eye;
also a similar one behind the
eye formed by the termination
of the broad marginal band of
the temple; a prominent pus-
tulated hair on the dorsal sur-
face near the anterior ocular
blotch. Temples highly di-
vergent with margin straighty
Fig. 3. Goniodes pennaticeps Paine and Mann. bearing two short hairs; posterior angle acute, with one very long hair and a small one; the broad temples are characteristic to this group of Goniodes. Pos- terior margin long and sinuous with central concavity very deep; margin on either side of the central concavity broadly rounded with two long hairs reaching well back on the metathorax; occipital bands prominent, dark in color with black occipital blotches; bands divergent, extending forward and fading out opposite the posterior projections of the mandibles; a prominent postulated hair on the dorsal surfacey close to the inner edge of each occipital blotch. 1 Carriker, M. A. MalIophaga from birds of Co~ta Rica, Central America. Univ. Studies,
Univ. of Neb., Vol. 111, No. 2 p. 35. (April, 1903). c




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18 p* [~ebruary
Thorax shorter than head. Ruthorax trapezoidal, with divergent sides and bI&sh aubmarghl bands; these ban& tm inward and downd before they reach the prominent,, mutely projecthg poakrior laterd mgh, forming the first intercom1 bands; a short, heavy spine on theae postmior lateral mgIes and another smaller one a short distance above on the hteral mare; pmkrim margin slightly &uous.
Metathorn wider than prothorax, qudriiateral, with rounded angIes; two long, promhen& submarginal haits 8 httk below the anterior angles, and mother in mch postmior angle. Dark clxwbut to b I ~ ~ ~ h subrnqiwl bands, connecting with those of the pmthom and turning in dong the posterior margin af the met* thorn to form the second htercoxd band#. Foaterior margin straight for about one-third its length on each side, at which point, where a long, pushdated hair arises, it becomw Saint, turning domwnrd at an mgle of about thty degree3 and fading out compietely More it reaches the meson. There are two s'mdl, pustulated hairs on the dord surå£ac above, and a little inward from those on the posterior mrgin. Posterior legs with pecdiarly long, straight tibk bearing numerow spines; the meso thoracic legs have been broken off; the anterior on- are short, being mrried concealed under the broad templea- Abdomen cowidembIy narrower than the head, obovate, with ides stmight and filighkty divergent until the widest point is reached at the fourth segment, where upn they round off padually to the eighth; eighth segment short., not reaching as fw po~teriody as the seventh or ninth; ninth wpmt rounded and protruding. Prominent, bipdte, 1ameUiform plates or appendages on the dorsal surface of each segment from the first to the sixth, extending hwmd from ihe lateral margin; inner portion a nm~ow, pointed appendage, separated from the lateal, linear pr- tion by a deep sinus, embracing a long pustulated hair; in Tawhenberg's1 figure of G. dkep Nib&, these plates are lacking on segment one; this, however, may be due to a mistake by the artist. Comspmding to these plates, in position, on the ventral mhce of segnients two to six are the characteristic wries of dark colored, blunt, comb-iike spines (Fig. 3b); the number of spines an each segment agrees with G. hficepa &get, dimhishing from fifteen on ewh side of the second segme~t to three on ach sick of the sixth; the number, however, as noted by Taachenberg, is slightly variable; broad, darkish, lateral bands cover the region of the combs and latrd section of the dorsal plates. 1x1 length segment one is the short&, with slightly diverging sides, not appearing as a part. of the thorax aa in the case of G. hficepa Raget; segment two the longe&, the foI!owkg segments diiinishg in Ieqgtll to the fifth, and then increasing slightly to the seventh; a series of pustulated him across the middle of each segmmL shpping hfam the latd appendages are reached ; dm hiis in the posterior latd angks of wh sepmt, and segment aewn bearing a group of about ten very lorig ones on the ventral surface. Genitalia similar to C. dkep, being mmposed for the most part of twolong, mmw, chitinous



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'19131 Paine and Mann-Mdlophaga from Brazilian Birds Measurements.
Length: ~3'~ 2.34 Width
Head -76 1.24
Prothorax -30 .70
Metathorax .33 -80
Abdomen 1.24 1.04
It is indeed strange to find Goniodes as a parasite of Anthus, a member of the family Motacillid~~ the Wagtails and Pipits, when it properly belongs with the gall in^ and the Phasiani and such fowl-like birds. - G. aliceps Nitzsch was taken from Crypturus macrurus and C. tao, and G. laticeps Piaget, from Tinamus julius and T. robustus. These facts cause one to be somewhat skeptical as to the validity of the present record. Menopon exsanguis sp. nov. (Fig. 4.)
Six specimens, including two males, from a woodpecker, Cam- pophilis melanoleucus Gm. (Rio Nhamunday Brazil. Jan. 1912). Two species of Menopon have previously been described from woodpeckersy M. pici Denny1 from Picus viridis (Great Britain), and M. praecursor Kellogg2 from Nelanerpes uropygialis (Baja California). The present species quite closely resembles M. pici Denny, as described by Piaget,3 but differs in a number of charac- ters, being much smaller in size, with palpi projecting by but one segment or less. Also, in M. exsanguisy the eye is very large and somewhat irregular, extending from the inner termination of the ocular emarginationy back on the dorsal surface of the temple half way to the posterior margin and not reaching the lateral margin of the head at any point. General color pale, with darker, indefinite markings on the head and thorax.
Description of female: Head much broader than long* with front flatly rounded or slightly angled, outline of head appearing triangular. A short hair on each side* on the clypeus, a short distance from the center; another, of about the same size* at the point where the palpi pass the margin and two more very minute ones between the two above mentioned; three long hairs at short* regular intervals* before the ocular emarginations; aIso a long hair on the dorsal surface* on each side* on a line between the ocular emarginations and the mandibles. Emarginations narrow* not deep, with a fringe of about ten short hairs. Eyes as described above* with a 1 Denny, Monograph, Anoplur. Brit. p. 219, pl. XX, fig. 5. 1842. 9 Kellogg* V, L. New Mallophaga 111. Occ. Papers California Acad. Sci. VI. p. 46, pl. IV, fig. 8. 1899.
a Piaget, E. Les P6diculinea, Suppl6ment, p. 93, p. X, fig. 3. 1885.



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large, black ocular fleck.
Ocular blotches present, but pale and indefinite. Tern- plea protruding, narrowly but regularly rounded, with six long hairs, one of which arises submarginally; also several short ones. Occiput broadly concave, with six long, subrnargiitsl hairs; Margin thick- ened, but li ttie colored. Entire head rather pale yellow, with the exception of the
mandibles, an area surroundkg them, and
the indefinite ocuhr blotches. Antenna
differing from those in M. pici Denny, the third segment being larger and goblet-
shaped, receiving the last. (Fig. 4b). ' Thorax slightly longer and narrower
than head, with more, darker coloring.
Prothorax with rounded aides merging into the flattened, almost straight, posterior margin; anterior angles rounded. Aseries of eighteen long hairs, with several short ones, extends around the aides and pa-
&or matgkt. Lateral bands present,
their inner margin indefinite. Metathorax about the same length as the prothoras,
but wider, trapezoidal, with indefinite
posterior margin. A number of short
marginal and submarginal spines on the
divergant aides, toward the acute posterior angles; two long hairs on this angle and a transverse series of about fourteen long hairs indicating the position of the pos- terior margin. Legs rather short, with
Kg. 4. Merwpffit -d Pains and M-. broad- stout fernom* Abdomen elliptical, truncate where it
joins broadly with the thorax, widest at the fifth, segment ; pale in color, with almost transparent margins. Segments of nearly equal length, with a transverse row of from twenty to thirty strong hairs. Last segment rounded, but somewhat triangular in shape, with about twenty haim around the margin, the anterior m a of which are quite long; on the ventral surface are two fringes of fine hairs. Male varying in size, the largest one bring but li tile smaller than the female. Last segment similar in shape to that of the female, but with fewer hairs and lacking the ventral fringes. Genitalia prominent, consisting of a broad anterior portion and long, slender lateral appendages.
Measurements.
9, Length: 2.60 #, Length: 9.36. Width:
Head .84 .46 .82
Prothol~ .82 .65 .30 .64
Metathorai -24 -76 .S4 .73
Abdomen 1.60 1.14 l.49 1.iZ




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19131 Paine and Mann-Mallophaga from Brazilian Birds Physostomum sucinaceum Kellogg.
Two specimens, one immature, from Elcenia flavogaster Thunb. (Marajo, Brazil, Nov. 1911).
Trochilcecetes gen. nov. .
In general habit resembling Physostomum, except that the sides of the head- are deeply emarginate.
These lateral emarginations
give the head a constricted appearance, the anterior portion form- ing the somewhat rectangular clypeus and the posterior portion comprising the temples and occiput; temples not produced back- ward; palettes present. Prothorax more rounded than in Physos- tomum, with the posterior margin convex. Metathorax showing no sign of a mesothoracic suture, broad, appearing as the first abdominal segment. Abdomen elliptical, with two pale, sub- marginal bands, as in Physostomum; last segment rounded. The members of this genus are peculiar to humming-birds, the three known species, which are closely related, having been taken from these hosts. The type of the genus is Physostomum prominens Kellogg and Chapman.
Included Species.
Trochilcecetes prominens Kellogg and Chapman. Physostomum prominens Kellogg and Chapman, New Mallophaga. 111. Occ. Papers California Acad. Sci: VI. p. 137. (1899). From Calypte costs, Costa's Humming-bird (Ontario, Cali* fornia) .
Trochilcecetes doratophorum Carriker .
Physostomum doratophorum Carriker, Univ. Studies, ~ebraska,? Vol.. III., No. 2, p. 43. (1903).
From Selasphorus flammula (Volcano Irazu, Costa Rica) . Trochikecetes emeliae sp. nov. (Fig. 5). A single female specimen from Thalurania furcatoides Gould (Obidos, Brazil, Feb. 1912). This species closely resembles T. doratophorum Carriker, but is much smaller in size, measuring 2.10 mm. long and .86 mm. wide, while the latter species measures 2.41 mm. in length by 1.10 mm. in width. The present species also differs in the shape of the head, having larger temples.



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Description of female: Head slightly broader than long, being greatest in width across the templea; front broad, hovel shaped, withdypeus but little concave; pale is color across the anterior margin; anterior angles rounded, and sides of front alightly convex with narrow marginal bund a little darker than general color of front, which is pale; also anarrow darker band acrosa the front, a iittle back from the dypd margin, with a pair of back-
ward converging projections, one on each side of the meson. Two extremely min-
ute hairs on the margin of the clypeua;
tw) longer ones on the dorsal surface in the anterior lateral angles and two more on the mqfn at this point, Also several
on the ventral surface; another short
hair on the lateral frontal margin, a little behind those mentioned and two more
on; a chitinow band, but lit-
than the ground color of the
ward, on the margin at the beginning of
the temples, and in front of this a small a
hair; temples rather prominent with the
anterior angle weaker than the posterior, the latter bearing two rather long hairs Vis, 6. TriehOxOCtet Paiae and Mann and several short spines. Occiput sin- uous, bare, with a, marginal band. The
palettes, in the specimen in hand, have been partially torn away or are quite small though we are inclined to believe that tlie formeria true; the portion present rather darkly colored. Palpi small, not projecting beyond the sides of the head. Prothorax sabpn'mgonal, rounded; posterior margin strongly convex, with a rounded median angle, three strong hairs and one spine toward the lateral an~les; above these angles, one marginal and three submarginal spines; a light colored sub- marginal band. coatinuous with that of the abdomen. Metathorax appearing aa the first aMomiual segment, with subnia~ginal bands, continuous with those of the abdomen and prothorax and giving off a short branch, running inward along the posterior margin of the prothorax, stopping sihort of the mewti. The tnetathorax extends under the profhorm for a, considerable distance and fives rise to a median, chitinous, spear-shaped thickening which shows plainly tfirougb the prothorax. There are several submarginal spines, both in the anterior and posterior lateral angles; posterior margin straight. Legs stout, light in color, with narrow, marginal bands and curious, heavy, staple aliaped claws. (Kg. fib). Abdomen, including metatho~aa, elliptical, narrower than in ST. Swatopfwum Carrlker, with the submarginal bands nearer the mar*, the bands diippeftrhg



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