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Psyche 16:23-27, 1909.

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PSYCHE.
THE FOSSIL CEROPALIDB OF FLORISSANT, COLORADO. BY S. A. ROHWER, BOULDER, COLORADO.
THERE have been four fossil Ceropalids described by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerel1 from Florissant, and three more are added in this paper. The fossil Ceropalids
found at Florissant do not seem to be very close to the recent ones found there during the summers of 1907 and 1908. The recent ones are small (none of them 10 mm. long), mostly black wasps - quite the ordinary kind for the lower Canadian Life Zone. The fossil ones, on the other hand, are rather large, robust wasps, like those found to-day in the eastern states and Mexico. Some of them (Agenia saxigena, Salina fiorissantensis and S. scudderi) have the wings with two dark bands, a character which is well developed in the species living to-day in Central America and Mexico. So far none have been found with very dark wings, a character found in most of the large species of United States.
The following table will separate the Florissant fossil Ceropalids: - Abdomen shortly petiolate; (wings clouded beyond the stigma) Ceropalites infelix Ckll.
Abdomen sessile . . 1.
1. Second cubital cell on the radius distinctly greater than the third on the same nervure; (wings clouded beyond the stigma) . Agenia cockerelice Roh. Second cubital cell on the radius not greater than the third . . 2. 2. Second cubital cell small, but little more than half as long as the third on the radius; metathorax transversely wrinkled; ferruginous; cloud about the stigma not entering the radial cell . Salk senex Roh. Second cubital cell larger; metathorax not transversely wrinkled; head and thorax at least black; wings differently marked . . 3. 3. Wings clouded beyond the stigma; large black species . Salius laminarum Roh. Wings with an apical cloud; and also a cloud on the basal nervure . . 4. Pn&e 16:23-28 (1939). hup Wpsycht emclub orgtW16-021 html



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24 PSYCHE [April
4. Length 15 mm.; second and third cubital cells on the radius about the same length; robust, black species; anterior wing 10 mm. long. Salius florissantensis (Ckll.)
Length less then 12 mm.; third cubital cell distinctly longer than the second 5.
5. Slender black species; length 10 mm.; length of anterior wing 6 mm.; head sub- quadrate; basal n. 120 /-t basad of tr. med. . . Sdius scudderi (Ckll.) Robust species with abdomen a little paler than thorax; length 11 mm.; length of anterior wing 9 mm.; head subtransverse; basal n, 680 ,u basad of tran. med. Agenia saxigena C kll .
AGENIA SAXIGENA Ckll.
Besides the reverse of Prof. Cockerell's type, I have seen a specimen of this species from Fossil Stump Hill, 1907 (W. P. Cockerell). AGENIA COCKERELLB n. sp.
$2 .
Length about 13 mm.; length of the anterior wing 7.5 mm. Head about
the same width as the thorax, normal for this broad type. Head and thorax sub-
tily sculptured, at the sides of the thorax it is slightly aciculate. Legs moderately
robust; fore femora not swollen, normal; middle tibiae without spines, and with
the longer spur almost as long as the basitarsus; hind and fore tibiae indistinct.
Radial cell broadest where the second tr. cu. joins the radius; stigma very small, only the apex remaining; first tr. cu. strongly curved toward the base of the wing, making the second cubital cell much broader on the cubitus; second tr. cu. almost 'å´straight third tr. cu. on the lower part strongly curving toward the apex of the wing, making the third cubital cell much broader on the cubitus; second cubital cell much larger than the third, receiving the first recur. n. distinctly beyond the middle; third cubital cell receiving the second recur. n. somewhat beyond the middle; first discoidal cell long and acute at the apex, distinctly but not markedly longer than the first cubital; tran. med. not basad of the basal nervure, but its exact position is hidden by a leg.
Abdomen sessile, broad, impunctate.
Head and thorax black; abdomen
and legs rufous.
Basal half of wings hyaline, apical half dark fuscous; venation dark brown.
The following measurements are in p: -
Length of radial cell about . 1275.
Width of radial cell at the second tr. cu. . . 306 Third tr. cu. from costa on radius . . 782 Length of first cubital cell on cu. . . 1615. Length of second cubital cell on radius . . 595.



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19091 ROHWER -FOSSIL CEROPALIDS OF FLORISSANT, COL. 25 Length of second cubital cell on cubitus ' . . 1122. Length of third cubital cell on radius . 306. Length of third cubital cell on cubitus . . 782. Distance from second recur. n. to third tr. cu. . . 306. Length of the second tr. cu. . . 306.
Distance of the first recur. n. from first tr. cu. . . 561. Habitat: - The tertiary shales of Florissant, Colorado; at station 11 (the north end of Fossil Stump Hill).
Named after Mrs. W. P. Cockerel1 who collected the specimen in 1907.
Type inthe University of Colorado.
This species is at once distinguished from the other fossil species of Florissant (Salius florissantensis (Ckll.), 8. scudderi (Ckll.) and Aqenia saxigena Ckll.) by the larger second cubital cell, the different color of the wings and body and the larger size (Salius fiorissantensis Ckll. is 15 mm. long). The short wings should help in determining this species. A search through the literature and among the species in my collection fails to bring to light any species closely related to this one, that is at present known to inhabit the Rocky Mountain Region. It does however show that species similarly colored, and similar in some other respect are to-day found in the Atlantic states and in Mexico. Such allies are Aqenia conqrua (Cress.), Agenia longula (Cress.) and Agenia accepta (Cress,). The venation resembles that of Pseudogenia montivaga Cam. from Mexico as figured in the Biol. Centr. Am. Hy- menoptera, Vol. ii, plate 10, fig. 9.
SALIUS SENEX n. sp.
Q .
Length about 14 rnm.; length of the anterior wing 9.5 mm. Form robust. Head of the usual subtransverse type.
Sculpture subtle; postscutellurn not strongly if at all obliquely striated; metathorax transversely wrinkled. Legs rather robust; more or less spinose.
Abdomen stout, a little longer than the head and thorax united. Stigma distinct; radial cell reaching the costa; second cubital cell very small, almost quadrate; second recur. n. received by the second cubital basad of the middle; third cubital cell large, wider below, receiving the second recurrent a little beyond the basal third; first discoidal long, longer than the first cubital; transverse median beyond basal as far as the length of the basal below the cubitus. Color ferruginous, apparently without black markings. Wings hyaline, with a cloud below the stigma, but not in the radial cell; venation brownish. The following measurements are in p: -
Length of the stigma . 850.
Breadth of the stigma . 187.




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26 PSYCHE [April
Basal nervure basad of the stigma, about . . 1700. Length of ba. n. above origin of cu. .
Length of ba. n. below origin of cu.
.
Ba. n. basad of the tr. med.
Length of tr. med. .
Length of first cubital on cu., about .
Length of first cubital on rad. .
Length of second cubital on cu. .
Length of second cubital on rad. . .
Length of third cubital on cu.
.
Length of third cubital on rad. .
Distance from 3tr. cu. to costa on rad.
.
First tr. cu. basad of first recur. n. . Second tr. cu. basad of second recur. n. . . 680. Habitat:- The tertiary shales of Florissant, Colorado, Station 14 (three- fourths of a mile southwest of the town), 1908. Collector unknown. Type in the
University of Colorado.
The general habitus of this species is much the same as Anoplius (Arachnophroc- tonus Ashm.) ferruginous (Say), but it differs in a number of ways from that species, especially in the venation. It has a number of points in common with Salius fene- stratus Sm. (Sylhet) especially in the wrinkled metathorax and position of the tran. med.
It is more closely allied to Salius florissantensis (Ckll.) than any other described fossil Ceropalid but it may be known from that species by the much smaller second cubital cell, the absence of a cloud along the basal nervure, the wrinkled metathorax, the absence of striae on the postscutellum, and the ferruginous color. SALIUS LAMINARUM n. sp.
9 . Length about 15 mm.; length of anterior wing 8.5 mm. Robust. Head of the usual subtransverse type.
Sculpture subtle, metathorax not wrinkled or post- scutellum obliquely striated.
Scape of the antennae elongate, cylindrical; the rest
of the antenna1 joints are not clearly defined in the fossil. Legs long and robust,
spinose; longer spur of hind tibiae much shorter than basitarsus. Stigma normal;
radial cell reaching the costa; second cubital on rad. nearly as long as the third; first and second tr. cubiti bent basally on the lower part; third tr. cu. curved out- wardly; first recur. n. received in the middle of second cubital cell; second recur. n. received a little beyond the middle of third; tran. med. considerable distance beyond the basal nervure. Abdomen long, somewhat flattened not nearly as conical as in



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19091 ROHWER -FOSSIL CEROPALIDB OF FLORISSANT, COL. 27 S. senex. Color entirely black.
Wings hyaline; beyond the middle of the stigma dusky.
The following measurements are in p: -
Length of stigma . . 850.
Width of stigma, about . . 255.
Basal nervure basad of stigma . . 1870.
Length of first cubital cell . . 2210.
Length of first cubital on rad. . . 255. Length of second cubital cell on rad. . . 918. Length of second cubital cell on cu. . . 1020. Length of third cubital cell on rad. . . 969. Length of third cubital cell on cu. . . 1275. Distance from third tr. cu. to costa on rad. . 716. First tran. cu. basad of first recur. n. . 510. Second tr. cu. basad of second recur. n. . . 680. Basal nervure above cu. . . 306.
Basal nervure below cu. . 680.
Habitat: - Tertiary shales, Florissant, Colorado, Station 14 (three-fourths of a mile southwest of the town) 1908, (S. A. Rohwer). Type in the University of Colorado.
This species is most closely related to Salius florissantensis (Ckll.), but it is easily known from that species by the different markings of the wings. It is also related to Salk senex Roh., but that species has a smaller second cubital cell, and the apical part of the wings are not dark. I do not know a recent species found in North America which is just like S. laninarus in the flattened abdomen. SALIUS SCUDDERI (Ckll.) .
9 . A slender species with a subquadrate head. Sculpture subtle. Antenna1 joints cylindrical, well defined, apical joint short. Wings with a cloud beyond the
stigma, but not extending to the apex or bottom of the wings, and a smaller one on the basal nervure.
SALIUS FLORISSANTENSIS (Ckll.).
A large species.
Sculpture subtle except the postscutellum which is obliuqely striated. Wings with a cloud below and in front of the stigma, and one on the basal nervure.
The following is a list of the fossil Ceropalids of the world: PEPSIS sp. Burmeister.- Baltic Amber ; Lower Oligocene. Handbuch Ent . I,
p. 636, 1832.




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28 PSYCHE [April
POMPILUS sp. Brischke.- Baltic Amber ; lower Oligocene. Schr. Nat. Ges. Danzig .
n. f. Vol. VI, p. 278, 1886.
PRIOCNEMIS sp. Schober1in.- Oeningen in Baden; upper Miocene. Soc. Ent. 111, p. 61, 1888.
ANOPLIUS INDURATUS (Heer) Roh.- Oeningen in Baden ; upper Miocene. Pompi-
lus induratus Heer; Ins. Oen. 11, 165, f. 13, p. 10, 1849. SALIUS FLORISSANTENSIS (Ckll.) Roh.- Florissant, Colo. ; Miocene. Hemipogonius
florissantensis Ckll.; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zod., Vol. L, No. 2, p: 52. SALIUS SCUDDERI (Ckll.) Roh.- Florissant, Colo. ; Miocene. Hemipogonius scudderi Cl~ll.; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. L, No. 2, p. 53, 1906. CEROPALITES INFELIX Ckl1.- Florissant, Colo. ; Miocene. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. L, No. 2, p. 53, 1906.
AGENIA SAXIGENA Ckl1.- Florissant, Colo.; Miocene. Am. Jn. Sc., Vol. XXV,
March 1908, p. 229.
AGENIA COCKERELLB Roh .- Florissant, Colo. ; Miocene. SALIUS SENEX Roh.- Florissant, Colo.; Miocene. SALIUS LAMINARUM Roh.- Florissant, Colo.; Miocene. I wish to thank Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell for the pleasure of studying these most interesting fossils, for the use of his manuscript notes on the species he described, and for going over my manuscript.
ZEUZERA PYRINA IN BOSTON.- My friend R. W. Curtis, Assistant Superin- tendent of the Arnold Arboretum, found on the 18th of January, 1909, a full-grown and therefore two years old caterpillar of Zeuzera pyrina Linn. in the trunk of a Quercus palustris Du Doi, which was broken by a storm. He had already made the same discovery one year ago in another tree, but which one he does not remember. Dr. E. P. Felt in his work on Forest Insects (New York State Museum Memoir 8 Vol. I.) does not give Massachusetts as included in the distribution of 2. pyrina. According to verbal information given me several adults have been observed in the vicinity of Boston, Mass., in the past three years, but it has not yet been stated that 2. pyrina has advanced in Massachusetts to a regular brood. The findings made by Mr. Curtis prove that the breeding of the species in the neighbourhood of Boston must have taken place for the first time in 1906, if no earlier record of a brood has been made elsewhere.
WILLIAM REIFF,
Bussey Institution of Harvard University.



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