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Final Exam

Current Machine

Memory

Machine with Stack in Memory

Typed Data

Copying a List

(define (copy-list-1 l)
  (cond ((null? l) '())
	((pair? l)
	 (cons (copy-list-1 (car l))
	       (copy-list-1 (cdr l))))
	(else l)))

(define x '(a b c))
(define y (cons x x))
y                      ; ((a b c) a b c)
(eq? (car y) (cdr y))  ; #T
(define z (copy-list-1 y))
z                      ; ((a b c) a b c)
(eq? (car z) (cdr z))  ; #F

Structure-Preserving Copy

(define (copy-list-2 l)
  (let ((tag (list 'BEEN-HERE-DONE-THAT)))
    (define (copy l)
      (cond ((null? l) '())
	    ((and (pair? l) (not (eq? (car l) tag)))
	     (let ((the-car (car l))
		   (the-cdr (cdr l))
		   (result (cons 0 0)))
	       (set-car! l tag)
	       (set-cdr! l result)
	       (set-car! result (copy the-car))
	       (set-cdr! result (copy the-cdr))
	       result))
	    ((pair? l) (cdr l))
	    (else l)))
    (copy l)))

(define z (copy-list-2 y))
z                      ; ((a b c) a b c)
(eq? (car z) (cdr z))  ; #T

(define x '(a b c))
(set-cdr! x x)
(define y (copy-list-2 x))
(eq? y (cdr y))       ; #T