Andrew P. Nimmo.
Francis Walker Types of, and New Synonymies for, North American Hydropsyche species (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae).
Psyche 88:259-264, 1981.

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FRANCIS WALKER TYPES OF, AND NEW SYNONYMIES FOR, NORTH AMERICAN HYDROPSYCHE SPECIES
(TRICHOPTERA, HYDROPSYCHIDAE)*
BY ANDREW P. NIMMO
Department of Entomology, University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3
Recently, while assembling the manuscript of a handbook to the Arctopsychidae and Hydropsychidae of Canada, I had occasion to examine the female holotypes of three species of Hydropsyche described from North America by Francis Walker (1852). Betten & Mosely (1940) record these types, but in line with the still all too prevalent practice regarding unassociated female Trichoptera, they did not illustrate the genitalia. If they had provided figures for these types the true identities of at least two North American species of Hydropsyche would have been long since established. The genital segments of these types are illustrated here for the first time. Hydropsyche confusa (Walker)
Philopotamus confusus Walker, 1852: 103. Hydropsyche confusa: Milne, 1936: 61; Betten & Mosely, 1940: 21. Hydropsyche separata Banks, 1936: 129; Ross & Spencer, 1952: 46 (as synonym of H. guttata Pictet); Smith, 1979: 10. NEW SYNONYMY.
Hydropsyche guttata Pictet: Schuster & Etnier, 1978: 126. Hydropsyche corbeti Nimmo, 1966: 688; Schuster & Etnier, 1978: 126 (as synonym of H. guttata Pictet). NEW SYNONYMY. Fig. 2 depicts the genitalia of the female holotype of H. confusa (Walker). Fig. 1 is of the genitalia of a female which has been recognised as belonging to H. separata Banks. The rather obscure locality information recorded by Betten & Mosely (1940) indicates that the type of confusa was collected in the western Northwest Territories, adjacent to the northern boundary of Alberta. The female of separata was collected at Empress in southeastern Alberta. *Manuscript received by the editor October 14, 1981.



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Psyche [Vol. 88
Figures 1-5. Fig. 1. Hydropsyche separata Banks [=confusa (Walker)]-genital segments of female, lateral aspect. Fig. 2. H. confusa (Walker)-genital segments of female holotype, lateral aspect.
Fig. 3. H. recurvata Banks [=alternans (Walker)] -genital segments of female, lateral aspect. Fig. 4. H, alternans (Walker)-genital
segments of female holotype, lateral aspect. Fig. 5. H. reciproca (Walker)-genital
segments of female holotype, lateral aspect.



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198 I] Nimmo - Walker Types of Hydropsyche 26 1 While not absolutely identical (the differences may be attributed to geographic variation, laboratory treatment, and observer vari- ables), these two specimens are much more similar to each other than either is to the females of the most nearly related species (H. betteni Ross), and I judge them to be conspecific. H. separata is therefore synonymised with H. confusa which has clear priority. Smith (1979) quotes me as considering the possibility that H. corbeti Nimmo may be a synonym of separata. Prior to my examination of the type of confusa I had decided that it was. However, it must now be entered as a synonym of confusa. In view of the taxonomic history of this species Walker must be attributed with remarkable insight in naming it confusa. Hydropsyche alternans (Walker)
Philopotamus alternans Walker, 1852: 104. Hydropsyche alternans: Vorhies, 1909: 707 (sp.indet.); Betten, 1934: 185 (prob. H. bifida).
Philopotamus indecisus Walker, 1852: 104. Hydropsyche indecisa: Betten & Mosely, 1940: 20 (as synonym of H. alternans).
Hydropsyche slossonae var. recurvata Banks, 19 14: 253. Hydropsyche recurvata: Betten, 1934: 190; Milne, 1936 73 (as synonym of H. slossonae); Ross, 1944: 99. NEW SYNONYMY. Symphitopsyche recurvata: Schuster & Etnier, 1978: 34. Hydropsyche codona Betten, 1934: 187; Milne, 1936: 73 (as syn- onym of H. slossonae); Ross, 1938: 18 (as synonym of H. recurvata).
Fig. 4 depicts the genitalia of the holotype female of H. alternans (Walker) (from the Albany R., far northern Ontario). Fig. 3 depicts the genitalia of a female (from Wandering River, northeastern Alberta) which has been recognised as belonging to H. recurvata Banks. Again, these two females are not precisely identical, for possible reasons similar to those given under H. confusa above. I judge these two specimens to be conspecific. H. recurvata is therefore synonymised with H. alternans which has priority.



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262 Psyche
[Vol. 88
Hydropsyche reciproca (Walker)
Philopotamus reciprocus Walker, 1852: 104. Hydropsyche reciproca: Betten & Mosely, 1940: 22. The genitalia of the female holotype do not correspond to those of any other species known to me. They are illustrated here, for the first time, for the future reference of students of North American Hydropsyche species. The type locality is given simply as 'North America'.
The female holotypes of Hydropsyche confusa (Walker), H. alternans (Walker), and H. reciproca (Walker), all from North America, were examined, and illustrations of the genitalia are provided for the first time. It is concluded that H. separata Banks is conspecific with H. confusa (Walker), and that H. recurvata Banks is conspecific with H. alternans (Walker). The Walker names have priority. H. reciproca (Walker) cannot yet be equated with any other known species.
Loan of the three types examined here was very kindly arranged by Peter Barnard of the Entomology Dept, British Museum (Na- tural History). This paper is an offshoot of work on preparation of a Handbook to the Arctopsychidae and Hydropsychidae of Canada, which was supported by a contract from the Canada Dept of Agriculture. The work was carried out in the Dept. of Entomology, University of Alberta. Steve Ashe of that Department read, and commented on the manuscript. Publication costs were met by George E. Ball of the same Department, from grant NRC A-1 399 held by him.
To all, my sincere thanks.




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Nimmo - Walker Types of Hydropsyche
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The Caddis Flies or Trichoptera of New York State. Bull. N.Y. St. Mus., Albany 292: 1-576.
BETTEN, C. AND M. E. MOSELY
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The Francis Walker Types of Tricoptera in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London. vi+248 pp. MILNE, L. J.
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Studies in North American Trichoptera. 3:56-128, Cambridge, Mass. NIMMO, A. P.
1966.
A list of Trichoptera taken at Montreal and Chambly, Quebec, with descriptions of three new species. Can. Ent. 98:688-693. Ross, H. H.
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Lectotypes of North American Caddis Flies in the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology. Psyche, Camb. 45: 1-6 1.
1944.
The Caddis Flies, or Trichoptera, of Illinois. Bull. 111. St. Nat. Hist. Surv., Urbana, 23, 326 pp.
Ross, H. H. AND G. J. SPENCER
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A preliminary list of the Trichoptera of British Columbia. Proc. Ent. SOC. Br. Columb. 48:43-51.
SCHUSTER, G. A. AND D. A. ETNIER
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A manual for the identification of the larvae of the Caddisfly genera Hydropsyche Pictet and Symphitopsyche Ulmer in eastern and central North America (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Environmental Moni- toring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati EPA-60014-78-060: xii+129 PP.
SMITH, D.
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The larval stage of Hydropsyche separata Banks (Trichoptera: Hydro- psychidae). Pan-Pacif. Ent. 55: 10-20.
VORHIES, C. T.
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Studies on the Trichoptera of Wisconsin. Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 16:647-738.
WALKER, F.
1852.
Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collections of the British Museum. Part 1. 192 pp. London.



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