Article beginning on page 274.
Psyche 5:274-278, 1888.

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[August-December 1249.
APTEROUS VIVIPAROUS FEMALE.
Length . . . . 1.0 m~?.
Width . . . . .4 mm.
Body, small, ovate. Color, dark
bluish-green : head, yellowish or green- ish ; antennae, yellowish-brown toward
base, darker apically ; eyes, reddish ;
legs, yellowish or yellowish-brown, ex-
cept the tibio-femoral artic&tions and
tarsi, which are dusky; cornicles, yel-
lowish or yellowish-brown at base,
darker apically ; cauda varying from
bluish-green to yellowish or yellowish-
brown. Antennae about half as long as
body, roughened, as shown at Fig. a
six-jointed3 ; joints I and I1 sub-equal in length, I being slightly broader than I1 ; 111 long, slightly longer than IV
plus V, but a little shorter than VI;
IV about half as long as 111 ; V short,
two-thirds as long as IV ; VI longest.
Cornicles long, slightly tapering,
flanged at tip. Cauda prominent,
flattened, with a number of curved hairs along the margin. Prothorax with a
blunt tubercle on each side.
Described from many living speci-
mens taken on roots of strawberry
plants, 7 September, I 889.
Although I agree with Forbes and Lichtenstein that what is here called the sixth joint of the antenna is really the prolongation of the fifth, I follow the gen- eral practice of calling it distinct for sake of brevity and convenience.
CLASSIFIED LIST OF FOOD PLANTS OF AMERICAN BUTTER- FLIES, DRAWN FROM SCUDDER'S "BUTTERFLIES OF THE EASTERN UNITED STATES."
[Names followed by an * indicate the plants for which the species concerned have a decided preference. Those enclosed in parentheses are exceptional or doubtful.] OENEIS SEMIDEA. Cyperaceae, Carex
vulgaris var. hyperborea.
OENEIS JUTTA. Cy$ernceae, Carex oligo-
sperma ;*
Graminme ; (Jk~~cacene, Juncus
articulatus).
CERCYONIS ALOPE. Gramineae.
CERCYONIS NEPHELE. Gramineae.
ENODIA PORTLANDIA. (Urticaceae, Celtis
occidentalis) ; Gramineae.*
SATYRODES EURYDICE. Cy-peraceae, Scir-
pus eriophorum, Carex bromoides ; Grami- neae.
NEONYMPHA PHOCION. Grafitiueae, Pani-
cum sanguinale, Dactolytenium aegyptiacum. Hum ; Xyridaceae, Xyris torta; Graiitineae.* CHLORIPPE CLYTON. Rosaceae, Prunus ;
ArLvfolockiaceae, Aristolochia; Urficaceae, Celtis occidentalis.*
BASILARCHIA ARCHIPPUS. Rosaceae, Pru-
nus, Pirus, Chrysobalanus oblongifolius; Sdiraceae,* Salix nigra, S. livida var. occi- dentalis, S. sericea, Populus balsamifera vnr. candicans, P. tremuloides, P. monilifera, P. dilatata.
nus, Pirus. Crataegus, Cydonia; Grossida- ceae, Ribes ; Ericaceae, Vacciniiin~ statni-



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August-December 18?9,] PSYCHE. 2 75
nteu~n ; Cu$z~lz~erae, Carpinus americana, Qyercus ilicifolia ; Salicaceae, Salix, Popit- lus.
BASILARCHIA ARTHEMIS. Tiliaceac, Ti1
ia ; Rosaceae, Crataegus, Amelanchiel-;
Ca$r(/Oliaceae; Urticaceae, Ulin~is ; Betitlu- ceae, Betula lenta;* Salicareae, Populus bal- satniferrt.
POLYGONIA INTERROGATIONIS. Tiliaceae,
Tilia ainericana ; Urticaceae, U lmus aineri- canit,* Celtis occidentalis Urtica, Boehmeria cylindrica, Humulus lupul~ii).
POLYGONIA COMMA. ( Tiliaceae, Tilia) ;
Grosshlaceae, Ribes ; Urticaceae,* Humulus lupulus, Ulmus americana, Urtica, Boeh-
meria cylindrica.
POLYGONIA SATYRUS. Ericaceae. Azalea ;
Urticaceae,* Urtica.
POLYGONIA FAUNUS. Grossz~laceae, Ribes ; Befulaceae, Betula lenta ;* Salicaceae, Salix humilis.
POLYGONIA GRACILIS. (Probably one of
preceding or succeeding.)
~~LYGONIA PROGNE. ffosaceae, Rubus ;
Grussulaceae,* Ribes rotundifolium, Ribesia ; Udcaceue, Ulinub americana.
EUGONIA J-ALBUM. Beluleiceae, Betula
alba var. pop11 lifolia ; (Stzlicaceae, Salix, PO~LI~US).
EUVANESSA ANTIOPA. Rosareae; Urti-
caceae. Ulmus americana,* Celtis occidenta- lis ; Betidaceae. Betula humilih ; Salicaceae, Salix,* Populus candicanh, P. dilatata.
In Europe : Tiliaceae, Tilia ; Betulaceae, Betula humilis ; Salicaceae, Salix.
AGLAIS MILBERTI. Urticareue,* Urtica
dioica, U. gracilis ; (Salicaceae. Salix). VANESSA ATALANTA. Urticacecte, Urti-
ca,* Humulus lupuliis. Boehmei-ia cylindrica, Parietaria debilis.
In Europe : Urticaceae, Urtica, Parietaria. VANESSA HUNTERA. Cow@ositae, Gnapha-
lium polycephalun~,* G. purpureum,* An-
tennaria plantaginifolia,* Anaphalis mai-ga- ritacea,* Helianthus, Senecio cineraria, Artemisia ludoviciana; Borrag'inaceae, My- osotis.
VANESSA CARDUI. Malvaceae, Al thaw
rosea ; Comjositae, Centaurea benedicta,* Cnicus lanceolatus,* C. amenis,* Carduus nutans.* Sil~bnm marianum, Onopordon
acanthium, Arctium lappa, Senecio cinera- ria, Helianthub sp., Anaphalis margaritacea, Artemisia ; Bormgiaaceae, Borrago offici- nalis ; Uriicaceae, Urtica.
In Europe : Malvaceae, Malva rotundifo-
lia ; Co7n$ositae7 Carduus,* Cnicus.* Onop- ordon, Centaurea benedicta.* Cynara scoly- mas, Achillea millifolium, Gnaphalium
arvenbe, Filago arvensis ; Borraginaceae, Echium.
In Abia and Africa: Comfositae, Ai-te-
inisia, Blumea; Malvaceae,* Malva.
JUNONIA COENIA. Onagraceae, Ludwigia
alternifolia; Planfagimaceae, Plantago lan- ceolata, P. virginica ; ScrophuZa~iuceae, Gerardia purpurea,* Linaria canadensis.
EUPTOIETA CLAUDIA. Berberidaceae,
Podophyllum peltaturn ; Violaceae, Viola tricolor ; Poriulacaceae, Portulaca ; L e m - nosae, Desmodium paniculatum ; Passzflora- ceae? Passiflora i ncarnata, P. caerulea ; Gros- sulaceae, Sednm ;* Bowaginaceae, Cjno-
glossun1 ?
SPEYERIA IDALIA. Violaceae, Viola ;
( Com$osztae, Sericocarpus conyzoides,). ARGYNNIS CYBELE. t iolaceae, Viola.
ARGYNNIS APHRODITE. Violaceae, Viola.
ARGYNNIS ATLANTIS. Vi'olaceae, "Viola.
BRENTHIS MYRINA. Violaceae.
BRENTHIS MONTINUS. ( Violaceae ; Ro-
saceae, Geurn radiatum).
BRENTHIS BELLONA. Violaceae.
PHYCIODES THAROS. Comfositae, Aster,
A. novaeangliae,* (Actinotnerih).
PHYCIODES BATESII. (Coċ´nz$ositae)
CHARIDRYAS NYCTEIS. Com'positae, Aster
[Doellingeria] urnbellatus, Rudbeckia lacini- ata, Helianthus divaricatus,* Actinorneris squan-om,* Verbesina helianthoides.
CINCLIDIA HARRISII. ~o~osiz'ae, Aster
[Doellingel-ia] umbellatus.
EUPHYDRYAS PHAETON. Grossulaceae,
~ibesia : caprijoliaceae, Lonicera ciliata,



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[ August-December 1880,
Viburnum dentaturn; Plan/agi?zaceae, Plan- tag0 ; Scro/hu/&aceae, Chelone glabra,*
Mimulus ringens, Gerardia pedicularia.
ANOSIA PLEXIPPUS. A$ocynaceae, Apocy-
nuin androsaemifoliurn ; AscZefiaduceae, ~scle~ias cornuti,* A. purpurascens,
A. incarnata, A. tuberosa, A. amplexicaulis, A. tomentosa, A. curassavica, A. nivea,
Acerates.
HYPATUS BACHMANII. Wicaceae, Celtis
occidentalis.
CALEPHELIS BOREALIS. Unknown.
STRYMON TITUS. Rosaceae, Prunq*
Comjosttaei Eupatorium coelestinurn ; Cn- $uliferae.
ERORA LAETA. Unknown.
INCISALIA NIPHON. Leguminosae (Lupi-
nus perennis) ; Coniferae, Pinus,* (Juni- perus).
INCISALIA IRUS. Rosaceue, Prunus ;* Le-
guminosae. Lupinus perennis, Cercis cana- densis; Ericaceae, Vaccinium corymbosum, Leucothoe racemosa, Cyrilla racemifolia ; Aquifoliaceae, Ilex.
INCISALIA AUGUSTUS. Unknown.
URANOTES MELINUS. Hy-pericaceae, Hy-
pericum ; Legtiminosue ; Rosaceae, Cratae- gus coccinea, C. apiifolia ; Borra~/7jacene, Cynoglossum officinale ; Ur/i'caceae, Humu- lus lupulus.*
MITURA DAMON. Cowrae, Juniperu~
virginiana ;* SmiZaceae, Smilax.
THECLA ONTARIO. Unknown.
THECLA LIPAROPS. Rosaceae,* Crataegus,
Prunus, Amelanchier canadensis ; Erfcaceae. Vaccinium corymbosum ; Aquifoliaceac Ilex : Cupulzyerae, Qyercus, Castanen ; Salicaceae, Salix.
THECLA CALANUS. (Rosaceae, Cratae-
gus) ; 'yuglandaceae,* Juglans cinerea, Ca- rya. C. glabra ; C@ulfferae, Qyercus rubra , Q. falcata.
THECLA EDWARDSII. Cqbz+ferae, Quer-
cus.
THECLA ACADICA. Salicaceae, Salix.
EVERES COMYNTAS. Legztininosae, Lespe-
deza capitata,Phaseolus perennis,Ilesmodium marylandicum, Galactia, Trifolium.
CY ANIRIS PSEUDARGIOLUS. Rannnrulaceae,
Cimicifuga racemosa;* Cruciferae, Rhus,
(Nasturtium) : Rhamnaceae, Ceanothus
americanus, (Rhamnus carthartica) ; S(I$~?I- daceae. Aesculus californica ; Legnminosaei, Er-ythrina herbacea, Apios tuberosa, (Trifo- Hum) ; Rosaceae. Spiraea salicifolia, (Atne- lanchier canadensis) ; Co~naceae, Cornus;" Ca$rifoZi~tceae, Viburnum acerifolium ;
Com-positae, Verbesina helianthoides, Ac- tinomeris squarrosa,* Dimorphantes inant- churicus; Ericaceae, Vaccinium, V. corym- bosutn ; Apiifoliaceae, Ilex, (Begonia) ; (AscZe$iadaceae, Asclepias ; Srth'caceae, Salix) .
NOMIADES COUPERI. (Leg~tninosae, Vicia
cracca. )
RUSTICUS SCUDDERII. (ffAamuaceae, Cea-
notlius) ; Legu?ninosae, Lupinus perennis. CHRYSOPHANUS THOE. fitaceae, Xan-
thoxylum; Polygonaceae, Polygonum, Ru-
mex crispus.
EPIDEMIA EPIXANTHE. (Gentianaceae,
Menyanthes trifoliata ; Polygoniaceue, Perhi- caria, Rumex verticillatus ; Lawaceae).
HEODES HYPOPHLAEAS. 7aegumi9zosae,
Trifolium ; PolygoHtacene, Rutnex aceto- sells,* R. crispus.
FENISECA TARQUINIUS. Plant lice with
clustering habit, especially Schizonenra tessellata .*
CALLIDRYAS EUBULE. Leguminosae,
Cassia* marylandica, C. charnaecrista, C. occidentalis, C. tora, Trifolium.
XANTHIDIA NICIPPE. Legumiuosae, Cas-
sia* marylandica, C. occidentalis, C. bra, Trifolium.
EUREMA LISA. Leguminosae, Cassia cham.
aecrista,* C. occidentalis, C. nictitans, (Tri- folium) , Glycine.
EURYMUS INTERIOR. (Leguminosae, Des-
medium ; Ericaceae, Vaccinium).
EURYMUS PHILODICE. Leguminosae. Tri-
folium* agrarium, T. repenb, T., pratense, Baptisia tinctoria. Lupinus perennis, Medi- 1 Mr. Fletcher writes that Bean has bred this speies on Vaccinium and on Salix. (S. H. S.)




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August-December iSSg.1 PSYCHE. 277
cago sativa, (M. denticulata), Astragalus caryocarpus, Pisuiri sativum, Vicia ci-acca, Cytisus, Caragana.
EURYMUS EURYTHEMB. Leffiiimnosae,
Trifolium reflexurn,* T. stolonifei-um,* T. repens, T. tridentatum. Hosackia, (Asatra- galus caryocarpus, A. crotalariae).
ANTHOCHARIS GENUTIA. Criiciferae, S~S-
ymbrium thaliana, Barbarea vulgaris, Arabis perfoliata, Cardamine, (Capsella bursa pas- torib).
PONTIA PROTODICE. Cfac;'/"erae, Brassai- ca oleracea,* Lepidium virginicum, Thlaspi, (Capsella bursa pastoris), Alyssum mariti- mum ; Resedaceae, Reseda ; Com$ositae,
Erigeron ; (SoSanaceae, Solanum caroli-
nense).
PIERIS OLERACEA. (Ranuncdaceae, Cal-
tha leptosepala) ; Cructferae, Brassica rap,* B. oleracea. Raphanus satiya, Nasturtium armoracia, Sinapis,* Arabis* drummondii, A. perfoliata, Barbarea vulgaris.
PIRRIS RAPAE. Cmciferae, Brassica
oleracea,* B. napa, Nasturtium armoracia, Raphanus, Sinapis, Matthiold, Alyssum mar- itimum, Nasturtium palustre, Barbarea vul- garis, Cakile americana ; Resedaceae. Reseda odorata ; (Geraniaceae, Tropaeolum).
In Europe : C~ticiferae, Brassica, Sinapis, Nasturtium, Hesperis, Matthiola, Chieran- thus, Erysimum, Lepidium, Raphanus ;
Resedaceae, Reseda ; Salicaceae, Salix.
LAERTIAS PHILENOR. A~istolochiuceae,
A~*istolochiu* serpentaria, A. sipho, Asarum canadense : PoZygonaceae, Polygonum (con- volvulus).
IPHICLIDES AJAX. Anonaceae, Asimina
triloba,* A. parviflora, A. grandiflora, A. pygmaea, Anona palustris ; Lauraceae, Ben - zoin odoriferum ; Ericaceae, Vaccinieae. JASONIADES GLAUCUS. Magnoliac&ae,
Liriodendron tulipifera,* Magnolia acumi- nata ; Tiliaceae. Tilia americana ; Rutaceae, Ptelea trifoliata; ( Vitaceae, Vitis) ; Rosa- ceae, Prunus, P. serotina, P. pennsylvanica, P. virginiana, P. americana, Pirus malus, Cydonia vulgaris, (Crataegus) ; Sfyracaceae, Styrax americana ; Bignoniaceae, Catalpa bignonioides) ; Oleaceae, Fraxinus sambnci- . folia,* F. platycarpa, F. americana, F.
trifoliata, Syringa vulgaris; La?cracc.ae, Sas- safras officinale : Urticaceae, Humulus lupu- lus; Jughudaceae, Carya; C?i$iili'ferae, Qyercus ti nctoria ; Beitttaceae, Betula* alba, B. lenta, Ainus incana ; Salicacew Salix ; Populus* tremuloides.
EUPHOEADES TROILUS. Magnoliuceae,
Magnolia glaucus ; Rutaceae, Xanthoxylum americanum ; Rosaceae, Prunus serotina, P. persica, Pii-us arbutifolia; (Convolvulaceae, Ipomaea batatas) ; Oleaceae, Syringa vulga- ris ; Lam-aceae,* Benzoin odoriferum, Sassa- fras officinale : Coniferae, Juniperus sabini- ana.
HERACLIDES CRESPHONTES. liutaceae, *
Citrus,* Ptelea trifoliata, Xanthoxylum
americanum, X. clava-herculis, Dictan~nus fraxinella ; Cornaceae, Nyssa multiflora ; Lauraceae, Persea carolinensis ; Salicaceae, Populus dilatata ; Pt'-/>eraceae, Piper peltatum, P. umbellatum, P. mollicornum.
PAPILIO POLYXENES. Rtctaceae, Dictam -
nus fraxinella : Umbellzferae, Daucus caro- ta,* Hydrocotyle, H. un~bellata, Conium
maculatum, Cicuta maculata, C. virosa, C. bulbifera, Sium cic~~taefolium, Apium* divar- icatum, A. gi-aveolens, Discopleura capilla- cea, Carum petroselinum, C. carui, Anethum graveolens, Foeniculum vulgare, Archan-
gelica, Tiedenmnnia, T. teretifolia, Pastinaca sativa, (Arracia esculenta).
EUDAMUS PROTEUS. Cruc?'ferae, Brassi-
ca ; Legnminosae,* Wistaria frutescens, Des- modium viridiflorum, Phaseolus perennis, Clitoria mariana, C. ternatea.
EPARGYREUS TITYRUS Leguminosae,
Amorpha fruticosa, Robinia pseudacacia, R. viscosa. R. hispida, R. nebmexicana, Wis- taria frutescens, Lespedeza capitata, Lathy- rus paluster, Apios tuberosa, Desmodium
marylandicum, D. nudifloi-um, D. canadense, Amphicarpaea monoica, Gleditschia.
ACHALARUS LYCIDAS. (Ftmariaceae.
Coi-ydalis glauca) ; Leguminosae, Desmo-



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278 PSYCHE. [A ugust-December 1889.
dium* dillenii, D. paniculatum, (Indigofera, Baptisia ?) ; Cowvol7mlaceae, Ipomaea pan- dui-ata.
THORVBES BATHYLLUS. Legumi?zosae,
Rhynchosia tomentosa, Tephiosia ambigua, Centrosema virginianum, (Lespedeza liirta). THORYBES PYLADES. Leguminosae, Tri-
folium* pratense, T. repens, Lespedeza capi- tats,* L. hirta, Desmodium dillenii.
THANAOS LUCILIUS. Raii~~acz/laceae, Aqui- legia canadensis ;* (Chkno$odiaceae, Cheno- podium album).
THANAOS PERSIUS. Sali'cacear, Salix hu-
milis, Populus balsamifera, P. trem~iloides, P. grandiden tata.
THANAOS JUVENALIS. Leyuminosae, Apios
tuberosa, Lathyi-us, Galactia pilosa, (G. gla- bella) ; Cu$uliferae, Quercus* phellos, Q ilicifolia, Q alba, Corylus.
THANAOS HORATIUS. Legumtiiosae, Wis-
taria frutescens.
THANAOS TERENTIUS. (Leg'umi?iosae;
Cu$uZzferae.)
THANAOS MARTIALIS. (R/iamnaceae, Ce-
anothus americanus) ; Leguminosae, Indigo- fera caroliniana ; (Haemodoraceae, Lacli- nanthes tinctoria).
THANAOS AUSOXIUS. (Legumiuosar?).
THANAOS BRIZO. Leguminosae, Galactia
glabella ; Cztpuliferae, Quercus ilicifolia. THANAOS ICELUS. (Leguminosae, Baptis-
ia?); Hamamelaceae, Hamamaelis; (Cupu-
liferae, Coi-ylus) ; Salicaceae, Populus trem- uloides, (Salix cordata).
PHOLISORA CATULLUS. (Co?n$ositae, Am-
brosia) ; Labiatae, Monarda punctata, Ori- ganum vulgare ; Chenopodiaceae, Chenopo- dium album ;* Amarantaceae* Amarantus
albus.
HESPERIA MONTIVAGA. rnvaceae, Sida,
Althaea, Malva, Abutilon avicennae.
HESPERIA CENTAUREAE. (Labiatae, Men-
tha ?)
ANCYLOXIPHA NUMITOR. Gramiiieae.
PAMPHILA MANDAN. G d e a e , Pan icum
crus galli, P. sanguinale, Triticum repens. AMBLYSCIRTES VIALIS. Gramineae, Poa-
pratensis.
AMBLYSCIRTES SAMOSET. Gramineae.
POANES MASSASOIT. (Gramineae.)
PHYCANASSA VIATOR. (Grami-iieae.)
ATRYTONE LOGAN. Gramitzeae, Erianthua
alopecui-uides.
ATRYTONE ZABULON. Gramineae.
HYLEPHILA PHYLAEUS. Gramitzeae, Pan-
icum banguinale.
ERYNNIS SASSACUS. Gramineae, Panicum
banguinale.
ERYNNIS MANITOBA. (Gramineae.
ERYNNIS METEA. Gramineae.
ERYNNIS ATTALUS. (Gramineae.)
ATALOPEDES HURON. G~amiaeae, Cy-
nodon dactylon.
ANTHOMASTER LEONARDUS. G?,amiwe(ze.
POLITES PECKIUS. (Gramineae.)
THY MELICUS AETNA. (Geutianaceae,
Sabbatia gracilis, S. elliottii) ; Gramineae, Panicum sanguinale.
THYMELICUS BRETTUS. Gramineae, Pa5-
palum ciliatifulium.
THYMELICUS MYSTIC. Gramifieae.
LIMOCHORES BI MACULA. ( Gramineae. )
LIMOCHORES MAMATAAQUA. . Gramiiicue.
LIMOCHORES TAUMAS. Gramheae.
LIMOCHORES PONTIAC. ( Gramineae.) '
EUPHY ES METACOMET. ( Grami'neae. )
EUPHYES VERNA. (Gramtneae.)
CALPODES ETHLIUS. Cannaceae. Canna
flaccida, C. indica.
OLIGORIA MACULATA. (Gramineae.)
LEREMA ACCIUS. (Leg-uminosae, Wistaria
frutescens) ; Gramipteae, Zea mays, Erian- thus alopecuroides.
LEREMA HIANA. ( Gramineae. )




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