Article beginning on page 231.
Psyche 5:231-234, 1888.

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PSYCHE.
CONTRIBUTION TO A LIST OF THE COLEOPTERA OF THE LOWER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN.
BY TYLER TOWNSEND, WASHINGTON, D. C.
The coleoptera, embracing 161 spe-
cies, which appear in this list were all, with 9 designated exceptions, collected
by the writer in the vicinity of Constan- tine, Saint Joseph county, Michigan,
and form additions to the species given
by Hubbard and Schwarz in their "Con-
tribution to a list of the coleoptera of the lower peninsula of Michigan" (Proc.
Amer. philos. soc., 1878, v. 17, p.
643-666). The exceptions to the local-
ity of Constantine referred to consist
of 9 species which have been recorded
elsewhere in the lower peninsula but
are not included in the H. & S. list ;
and the localities of these, whether gen- eral or special, are appended, the au-
thorities for the same appearing after
them in brackets.
For aid in the matter of determina-
tions the writer is indebted to Dr. C. V. Riley, Mr. E. A. Schwarz of the De-
partment of agriculture, and Mr. M. L.
Line11 of the National museum ; also to
Dr. G. H. Horn of Philadelphia, who
kindly determined a portion of the spec- ies several years ago. A very large
number of the coleoptera recorded by
Hubbarcl and Schwarz as occurring in
the lower peninsula of Michigan have
been locally verified by being collected in Saint Joseph county, but are omitted
from publication, as thissimple addition- al list will prove much more useful. The species mentioned here, as well as all
those collected in this locality, now form a part of theNational museum collection. In several genera, notably of stajhyl-
inidae, unnamed species have been col-
lected, but those belonging to genera
represented in the H. & S. list are not
inserted, unnamed species being desig-
nated only in such genera as have not
been recorded for the fauna.
Cicindela 6-guttata F. var. patruela
Dej.
punctulata F.
Blethisa quadricollis Hald.
Pasimachus elongatus Lec.
Myas coracinus Say.
Diplochila impressicollis Dej.
Platynus tenuis Lec.
Galerita lecontei Dej.
Helluomorpha bicolor Ham.




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PS 2'TK!!Z. 1 August-December 18%
Brachynus minutus Harr.
perplexus Dej.
? lateralis Dej.
Chlaenius ? laticollis Say.
nemoralis Say.
circumcinctus Say.
Brachylobus lithophilus Say.
Agabus taeniolatus Harr.
Dytiscus verticalis Say. ,
Helophoi-LI~ lacustris Lee.
Hydsobius tessellatus Ziegl.
Necrophorus guttula Mots.
STAPHYLINIDAE.
Homalota plana Gyll.
festinans Er.
elevata Fauv.
Callicerus n. sp.
Aleochara biimaculata Grav.
Haploglossa n. sp.
Microglossa suturalis Mann.
Oxypoda minuta Sachse.
Silnsa n. sp.
Philonthus umbrinns Grav.
varians Payk.
longicornis Steph.
sol-didus Grav.
microphthalm~~s Horn.
Stenus arculus Er.
Lathrobium anale Lee.
Boletolhs exoletus Er.
Hon~alium huii~esosum FMLIV.
Hippodamia glacialis F.
convergens Guh.
Adalia frigida Schn.
Brachyacantha ussina F. (large form .)
EROTY LIDAE.
Languria bicolor F.
Laemophlaeus inodestus Say.
punctatus Lee.
p~isillus Sch.
Dermestes pulcher Lec.
Trogoderma ornatum Say.
Hister vernus Say.
Carpophil~~s COI-ticinus Er.
Epuraea aestiva L.
Rhizophagus bipunctatus Say.
Corticaria villosa Zimi-n.
Tenebrioicles castanea Melsh. VN. lati-
collis Horn.
Bactsidiiim striolatu m Reit.
Dryops fastigiatus Say.
Mi~cronycll~~~ glabratus Say.




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Aug ust--December 1889.1 PSYCHE.
233
Cyphon variabilis Thunb. (yellow
form. ).
DASCYLLIDAE. SCAKABAEIDAE.
Scirtes orbiculatus F. - Canthon laevis Drury. Phanaeus carnifex L.
Geotrupes opaciis Hald. ".
Trox suberosus F. .
Adelocera brevicornis Lee.
Cardiophorus gagates Er.
tenebrosus Lec.
Elater manipularis Cand.
Melanotus inacer Lee.
paganus Cand.
Chalcophora liberta Germ. Mich.
[Cook.]
Agrilus otiosus Say.
Brachys aeruginosa Gory.
I
Calopteron ? terminale Say.
Plateros canaliculatns Say.
Telephorus mai'ginellns Lec.
CLERIDAE.
Cymatodera brunnea Melsh.
bicolor Say.
Chariessa pilosa Forst. .
Ainphicerus bicauclat~~s Say. Mich.
[Cook .]
Dinoderus ? dens11s Lee.
Lyct~is striatus Melsh.
CIOIDAE.
Cis chevrolatii Melli4.
erinaceus Lee.
terrestris Say.
Lachnosterna pruning Lee.
Anomala binotata- Gyll.
undulata Me1 sh.
Chalepus trachypygus Burm. '
Euphoria sepulchralis F.
Osmodenna eremicola Knoch.
Valgus cat~aliculatus F. '
Phymatodes moenus Say.
dirnidiat~is Kirby.
Romaleuni atomariuin Drury.
Elaphidion n~ucronat~i~ll F.
Plagionotus speciosus Say. Mich
[Cook.]
Rhayium lineaturn Oliv. Pine regions.
[Cook.]
Strangalia famelica Newm.
luteicornis F.
bicolor Swed.
Typocenis I iigubris Say.
sinuatus Newm.
Leptnni exigiia Newm.
canadensis F.
Monohams titillator F. Pine regions.
[Cook.]
Goes pulchra Halcl.
pulvenilenta Hald.
Hyperplatys aspersus Say.
Sapel-da candida F. Mich. [cook.]
Tetraopes q~iii~qi~ernac~llat~ls Hald.




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234 pis" 2'TfLE. [August-December 1889.
CHRY SOMELIDAE . CISTELIDAE.
Donacia emarginata Kirby.
Mycetochares bicolor Coup.
cuprea Kirby. ,
flavipes Kirby. MELANDRYIDAIE.
Leina collaris Say.
Tetratoma truncorum Lec.
Anomoea laticlavia Forst.
Coscinoptera dominicana I?.
Exeina gibber Oliv.
MORDELLIDAE.
Bassareus mammifer Newm. var. Mordella octopunctata F. luteipennis Melsh.
Cryptocephalus insertus Hald.
Pachybrachys otl~onus Say. var.
car.bonari~is Hald. :
luridus F.
id. (bl,ack form.)
Diachus auratus F.
Glyptoscelis pubescens F.
Paria 6-notata Say. (black form.)
aterrima Oliv.
id. (black form.)
Lina lapponica L.
Adiinonia externa Say.
Galeruca integra Lec.
Oedionychis scalaris Melsh. var.
Disonycha punctigera Lec.
pennsylvanica 111.
Haltica chalybea 111.
ignita 111.
inaerata Lec.
Systena hudsonias Forst.
Spermophagus robiniae Scli .
Bruclms nigrinus Horn.
Xylopinus aenescens Lec.
Blapstinus metallicus F.
Uloma imbetbis Lec.
AXTHICIDAE.
Corpl~yi-a collaris. Say.
Notoxus monodon F. (black form,)
MELOIDAE.
Nemognatha piezata F.
RHIPIPHORIDAE.
Rhipiphorus pectinatus I?.
RHY NCHITIDAE.
Rhynchites bicolor F.
OTIORHYNCHIDAE.
Otiorhyncl~us ovatus L.
Apion l~erculanum Smith.
Listronotus squamiger Say.
Lixus terminalis Lec.
Ceutorhynchus septentrionalis Gyll.
Baris umbilicata Lec.
Centrinus capillatus Lee.




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August-December 1889.1
Calandra remotepunctata Gyll.
Cossonus platalea Say.
SCOLYTIDAE.
Pityophthorus pullus Zitnrn.
Co ccotrypes jalappae Letz. Detroit.
["Schwarz ,I
Tomicus calligraphus Germ. Pine
regions. [Cook.]
Dendroctonus terebrans Oliv. Pine
regions. [Cook. J
A SHORT CHAPTER IN THE HISTORY OF THE CYNIPIDOUS GALL-FLIES.
BY HOMER FRANKLIN BASSETT, WATERBURY, CT. It was reasonable to suppose that when
that most interesting field of research into the life history of the gall insects that re- lates to their agamic reproduction had
been opened, some one or more of our
young entomologists would have en-
tered upon the investigations that were
necessary, and long ago, have done for
our American what the German and
French entomologists have done for the
European species.
The writer, who so long ago as 1864,
published the first clue to the solution of the mystery of agamic reproduction
in the family of the cynipidae, has, un- fortunately, grown old without finding
the leisure to follow, very far, the fasci- nating field for discovery that then ap- peared before him.
I have, since then, done some frag-
mentary work in the way of describing
new species, and some work that I do
not yet despair of giving to the world in the shape of a monograph of the cyni-
$idae, but the limited leisure I have
had and the uncertainty of being able to follow to results, any investigations or observations that demanded attention at
a definite time and place, has debarred
me from following what I still think,
one of the most interesting and impor-
tant branches of entomological study.
I have gathered a few facts, however,
and I beg to lay before the readers of
PSYCHE an account of a discovery I
made this last spring, partly in the hope that it may lead some one to go further
in the same line,-but chiefly, because
every discovery in science belongs to the world just as soon as its validity is estab- lished.
One of our most common gall insects
here in Connecticut is CaZZirAytis futi- Zis, 0. S. The galls appear in early
summer, in great numbers on the leaves
of Quercus alba. They are in the form
of conical blotches, projecting from both surfaces of the leaf, but are more prom-



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