H. G. Barber.
Synoptic Keys to the Lygæidæ (Hemiptera) of the United States.
Psyche 25:71-87, 1918.

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PSYCHE
-
- YOL. XXV AUGUST, 1918 No. 4
SYNOPTIC KEYS TO THE LYGEID2E (HEMIFTERA) OF THE UNITED STATES. *
BY H. G. BARBER,
Roselle Park, New Jersey.
PART 11. RHYPAROCHROMINiE.
As indicated by Still the most important character for differ- entiating this subfamily is the peculiarity of the incisure between the third and fourth ventral abdominal segments which laterally curves forward and does not reach the lateral margin of the ab- domen. Plinthisus is about the only exception to this among United States genera. The presence of two setae, set close to each eye, is also characteristic of the group. Stiil (Ofv. Vet.-Akad. Forh 1872) first divided this subfamily into six divisions: My- odocharia, Rhyparochromaria, Beosaria, Gonianotaria, Leth- aearia, and Drymaria. Two years later (Stiil, Enum. Hemipt. Pt. 4, 1874), in constructing a synopsis to include extra-Euro- pean genera, StAl added Cleradaria, combined Drymaria with Lethsearia and omitted all mention of the Gonianotaria. Accept- ing Stiil's arrangement this subfamily is therefore composed of six main divisions which Mr. Van Duzee has recently termed tribes to bring them more into accord with modern system of nomen- clature. In separating certain of his divisions StAl relied prin- cipally upon two characters-the position of the two opaque spots of the fourth ventral abdominal segment in reference to each other and the character of the lateral margin of the pronotum. Owing to the difficulty of interpreting these characters exactly in every case or owing to their variability the accuracy of Sthl's divisional arrangement has been called in question by several Hemipterists. Distant (Biol. Cent. Amer., p. 212, 1882) recognizes Myodocharia and combines all of the other divisions under Rhyparochromaria, stating that "I have here failed to interpret his [Sthl's] meaning sufficiently to prevent confusion." Bergroth (Ann. Soc. Entomol. Pu&e 25:7 1-88 (1918). hup ttpsychu einclub orgt25/25-071.htd



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Belg., p. 153, 1013) has more recently advocated the union of the Lethseini and RhypftTOcbrenBm in the fallbwing words : "After examination of many (tpecimcas of Mimocoris and other exotic Myodochms& I believe, however, that the number and position of the glandular spots have been overrated as a systematic character by St& One or other of these spota is sometimes lacking, at least on one side of the body. I therefore unite the Lethsearia with the Ehyparoehromaria. , . . Vf
After a careful study of all the United States genera, in prepara- tion for my revision at this subfamily, I am convinced that, ao far at least as our fauna is concerned, Stal's divisional diagnosis will apply in separating the genera off into well defined groups, However my knowledge of palasarctic and exotic genera of Rhy- parochromime is too limited, at the present time, t~ permit me to determine how well this, scheme applies beyond our limits. Hence without more evidence than we have at the present time I am reluctant to. abandon Stal's scheme of divisions. As it is obviously impossible, in a paper of this character,, to eater into explanations, I have found it necessary to publish else- where saeb, modifications of or additions to the present scheme), which I have here proposed. It will be noted that althtnigh I have adopted St&IYs divisions I have modified the wording somewhat, in order to. bring out the relative importance or the greater signifi- cance of certain characters. Attention must also be called to the fact that the species mentioned in connection with certain: genera is not necessarily the type unless so indicated. A. The two basal segments of the rostrum together not at all or scarcely longer than the head, third segaieirt longest of all. Posterior glandular opaque spot of the fourth ventral seg- meat remote from the apical margin. Ocellii very widely separated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleradini St&L AA. The two basal segments <rf the rostmm much longer than the head, the first segment as long or nearly a& long as the head- Ocelli not so. widely separated.
EL With the two' glandular opaque spots iateraMy on the fourth ventral segment, widely separated, the pesteiim me placed closer to the posterior margin than to the aoterie~~ spot.



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C. hnoturo with the lateft^ nurfgiils 6f t&6 anterior lobe '
obtuse, (me; neither calloud, carina'te' nor expanded nor longitudinally imptteised within the lEi^ei'aI r'nargin of the propletira; most co~tiinonfy stitongly constricted trans- versely to form two distinct lobs and most ctmamonly provided with a constricted ring-like cob. [If collar is absent the& is the head riot at all or v&y liig&tly exserted (see Div. CCJ. Body coflnnoniy less depfessed, more narrowelongate.1. ..................... MyodochiniSt&l. CC. Pronotum with the lateral mmgin~ of the anterior lobe not obtuse or terete but either calloused5 of carinate or ex- panded or the lated ekargination filled in by a folkceous expansion or furnished within the lateral margin with a series of punctures or the propleth with a linear impression within the lateral niargiri. Pronoturn rarely strongly con- stricted transversely, if so then is the lateral margin cari- nate or expanded or the lateral emargination filled in by a toliaceous expansion, or the propleurk impressed withhi the lateral margin; rarely furnished with a constricted ring- like collar unless the head is strongly exaerted or at most only provided with a depressed series of punctures within the anterior margin. Body most commonly broad with the head most commonly, almost or quite immersed to the eyes.
D. Lateral margins of the pronotum not at all or less entirely lamhate-expadded, most commonly either' carinate or longitudinally impressed within fhe lateral margin of the propleura. Pronotum moat commonly entirely black, fe~gheous or castaneous, with the posterior lobe rarely paler, punctuate with black. [Head rarely strongly exserted, if so, then is the constricted collar present anteriorly on the pronotum (Qzophora). Hind tibia most commonly without rigid bristles only, most Ire- quently pilose.]. ............... Rhy~rochrwnim St&l. DD. Entire lateral margin of the pronoturn and costa [more or less] Iaminate-mprinded (id U. S. genera) and most corn- monly in part pale; this margin rarely only keeled (in certain exotic genera), in which ease the first segment of the antenna is extended far beyond the ape< of the head



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Psyche [August
and the genital segment of the male is tuberculate; pro- notum (including margin) most rarely entirely black, posterior lobe most commonly pale or variegated with pale. Posterior tibia furnished with long rigid subspini- form setae [bristles].
E. Antennae nude or with shorter pubescence, first segment sometimes furnished with a few shorter setae. Lateral [more narrowly] expanded margin of the pronotum not at all or rarely sparingly punctate; anterior disk of the pronotum most commonly smooth or sparingly punctate, rarely densely punctate. ............... Beosini StAl. EE. Three basal segments of the antennae provided with rigid setose bristles. Lateral [more widely] expanded margin of the pronotum and corium commonly [pro- fusely] punctate. Clavus irregularly punctate. Dorsal parts commonly pale [and profusely punctate] Gonianotini Stiil.
BB. The posterior glandular, opaque spot of the fourth ventral segment of the abdomen placed closer to anterior spot, most remote from the posterior margin of the segment, sometimes furnished with a third, posteriorly placed, spot. [With lateral margin of pronotum most commonly expanded, this frequently foliaceous between the lobes.]. .. Lethceini StSil. A. Head very much exserted, drawn out into a long cylindrical neck at base; longer than pronotum. Two lobes of pronotum subequal. Body narrow elongate. Hind tibia furnished with long, setose hairs. Basal segment of hind tarsus about three times as long as second and third together. Macrop- terous forms only. ...................... Myodochus Oliv. AA. Head either exserted or not, but never drawn out into a long cylindrical neck. Collar more rarely absent (see Div. CC.). B. Pronotum commonly constricted at middle or a little behind middle; anterior lobe in all macropterous forms and in most brachypterous forms never or scarcely ever more than twice as long as posterior lobe, if more than doubly longer then the head is not exserted (as in brachypterous forms of some Ptochiomera) .




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19181 Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lggaeidoe (Hemiptera) 75 C. Head more or less distinctly exserted. Pronotum with a
constricted ring-like collar. Body more or less elongate. D. Head strongly exserted, forming a short neck at base; the postocular space about four times as long as the space between the antenna and eye. The eyes placed about midway on the head. Hind tibia provided with fine rigid bristles. Basal segment of posterior tarsus about as long as second and third together. Macropterous and brachy- pterous forms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heroeus Still. DD. Head much less exserted, commonly strongly contracted back of eyes; postocular space commonly subequal to or sometimes shorter than space between base of antenna and eye.
E. Anterior lobe of pronotum, especially in brachypterous forms, globose, almost the diameter and about twice the length of posterior lobe. Postocular space subequal to EE.
space between antenna and eye. Scutellum much longer than wide. Head and pronotum shining. Hind tibia with rigid bristles. Posterior tarsus with first segment nearly three times as long as second and third together. Macropterous and brachypterous forms. Sphoerobius Uhl.
Anterior lobe of pronotum not so evidently globose and narrower than posterior lobe.
Head and thorax seldom
shining. Basal segment of posterior tarsus most com- monly not more than twice as long as second and third together, if three times as long as second and third then the posterior tibia is provided with long rigid bristles. F. Preocular space to base of antenna about three times as long as postocular space; head not strongly con- tracted back of eyes; apex of tylus not extended to middle of basal segment of antenna; this segment in- crassate and elongate, a little longer than basal segment of rostrum; second segment very elongate, over twice as long as the third or fourth, longer than third and fourth together. Pronotum with anterior lobe twice as long as posterior. Collar set off by a depressed series of punctures. The anterior femora armed with two rows of spines, the outer series confined to the subapex.



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Psyche [August
The posterior tibia provided with a few scattered setose hairs similar to those of antennae. Hind tarsus with basal segment about twice as long as second and third together. Only macropterous females known to me (Type-pseudopaw era forreri Dist .) .
Coenopamera Barb.
FF. Preocular space to base of antenna not more than twice the length of the postocular space, most commonly subequal to it. Head strongly contracted back of eyes; apex extending to or beyond the middle of basal segment of antennae which is very evidently shorter than first segment of rostrum, second segment much shorter than third and fourth together. Pronot um with the collar most commonly set off by an impressed line.
G. The two lobes of the pronotum commonly separated by a deep, clean cut, transverse constriction. First segment of rostrum commonly not reaching base of head. Postocular space of head commonly subequal to or sometimes a little shorter than space between antenna and eye. Hind tibia most commonly fur- nished with short bristles.
H. Second and third ventral abdominal segments fur- nished with two very finely strigose, opaque, lunate vittse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ligyrocoris StAl. HH. Second and third ventral abdominal segments un- provided with lunate, strigose vittse.
(To include
subgenus Paromius longulus Dall.) . . . . . Orthoea Dall. GG. The two lobes of the pronotum commonly separated by a shallow obtuse constriction. First segment of rostrum commonly reaching base of head.
I. Posterior tarsus with basal segment fully three times as long as second and third together. ipind tibia provided with long rigid bristles only. An- tenna? nearly nude. Form of body narrow elongate, with longer legs. Scutellum carinate throughout. (Type~Perigenes costalis Van Duz.)
Zeridoneus Barb.




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cc.
Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lygceidce (Hemiptera) 77 11. Posterior tarsus with basal segment not more than twice as long as second and third together. Hind
tibia with long setose hairs similar to those of an- tennse and provided with a few rigid bristles api- cally. Form of body more broadly oval with shorter legs.. .................... Perigenes Dist. Head not at all or scarcely exserted, commonly immersed to the eyes. Pronotum without a constricted ring-like collar, at most with anterior margin depressed or furnished with a series of punctures. Clavus with three rows of punctures.
J.
Scutellum much longer than wide and posteriorly. distinctly carinate. Pronotum strongly con- stricted to form two lobes, both of which are punctate; the disk of the anterior lobe sometimes more sparsely so. Posterior tarsus with the basal segment subequal to the second and third together. Species rarely pilose.
K. First segment of antenna longer, exceeding apex of tylus by one-half its length.
Within anterior
margin of pronotum depressed, punctate. Basal disk of scutellum depressed before a premedian transverse or crescentic ridge, posteriorly to which, carinate. Fore femora armed with several teeth. Males sometimes with fore tibia armed with a median tooth. In brachypterous forms the membrane may be almost or entirely wanting, the clavus flat, not deflected to the corium and the anterior lobe of the pronotum swollen and more than twice the length of the posterior. Species not at all or only slightly shining. (To include Carpilis ferruginea StAl. and Sisamnes contractus Dist.) ............. Ptochiomera Say. KK. First segment of antennae short scarcely exceed- ing the tylus. Anterior margin of pronotum not depressed. Basal disk of scutellum depressed followed by a longitudinal carina. Incrassate fore femora armed with two or three preapical teeth one of which is frequently enlarged. In



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Psyche [August
brachypterous forms the membrane is only short- ened, the clavus always deflected to the corium. Species very shining. (Type~Rhyparo^hrcmus plenus Dist.) ................ Kolenetrus Barb. JJ. Scutellum subequilateral, posteriorly not dis- tinctly carinate. Pronotum either not pilose and finely punctate in front, in which case it is not strongly constricted to form two lobes or the pro- notum very pilose and obsoletely punctate in front and then strongly and obtusely constricted to form two lobes. Posterior tarsus with basal segment decidedly longer than second and third together.
Species not at all or faintly shining.
L. Antennae and dorsal parts very pilose. Pro-
notum longer than wide, strongly contracted back of the middle to form two lobes; the anter- ior lobe obsoletely and sparsely punctate. First segment of antenna longer exceeding apex of tylus by nearly one-half its length. Costal margin of coriurn gently convexed. Fore- femora provided with two or three minute pre- apical teeth and long set~ throughout. Clavus distinct and deflected to the coriurn. Membrane reaching the end of abdomen. Only macrop- terous forms known to me. (Type-Valonetus pilosus Barb.) ............... Valonetus Barb. LL. Antennae and dorsal parts not at all or very sparsely pilose. Pronotum lightly transverse or quadrate, finely and distinctly punctate, anterior disk sometimes impunctate, not strongly constricted to form two lobes.
First segment of
antenna short barely exceeding tylus. Fore femora armed with two or three minute teeth in the middle, tipped with long setae. In brachypterous forms clavus connate with the coriurn, the membrane wanting and pronotum more quadrate. (Esuris tergina Sthl and cas- tanea Barb.). ................... Esuris Sthl.



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19181 Barber~Synoptic Keys to the Lygceidce (Hemiptera) 79 BB. Anterior lobe of pronotum three or four times as long as posterior lobe, with the transverse constriction between the lobes commonly shallow and obtuse or ill-defined. Head
distinctly exserted; postocular space subequal to space between antenna and eye; most commonly not abruptly contracted back of eyes. Fore tibia of males provided with a submedian tooth. Antenna elongate; apex of head not attaining middle of basal segment; this segment sub- equal to basal segment of rostrum. Basal segment of pos- terior tarsus two or three times as long as second and third segments together. Membrane not entirely wanting in brachypterous forms.
M. Anterior lobe of pronotum impunctate, de- marked from the posterior lobe by a transverse, impressed line; provided with a distinct ring- like collar. Basal segment of antenna with a few setose bristles. Ocelli absent. Fore tibial tooth of male at middle or posterior to the middle. Hind tibia provided inwardly and outwardly with rigid bristles. Basal segment of hind tarsus three times as long as second and third together. Larger species.
Cnemodus H. S.
MM. Anterior lobe of pronotum sparsely punctate, the two lobes separated by an obtuse sinus, not indicated by an impressed line; anterior margin depressed, punctate. Basal segment of antenna without setose bristles. Ocelli present. Fore tibial tooth of male anterior to middle. Hind tibia with a few setose bristles inwardly. Basal segment of posterior tarsus about twice the length of second and third together. Smaller species. (Type-P. cam- densis Prov.) . . . . . . . . . . Pseudocnemodus Barb. A. Anterior margin of the pronotum provided with a distinct ring-like coHar, behind which is a depressed series of punc- tures; lateral margins strongly keeled or lightly expanded



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and dexed; distinctly separated into two lobes by an ob- turn constrictioiii jwt before middle. Head not transverse, mmo& contracted back of eyes, space between ma and eye most commonly subequal to postocular asal segment of antenna stout and long, apex of .. -1 -.... ..
or four equidistant spines,
bristles. Mostly macropte
............. Balboa Dist.)
but most comnr
the lateral ma!
Claws irregularly punctate. Anterior femora Posterior tibia with short rigid
rous forms. (To include genus
.Osophma Uhl.
...............
tenor margin ui pruiiu~iim without a ring-like collar, at most faintly impressed or provided with a series of punc- tures within. Head transverse, not at all or very lightly serted. Lateral margins of pronoturn sometimes carinate mnly merely longitudinafly impressed within rgin of the propleura. Hind tibia without 1U U11ÌöLlea
th lobes punctate; posterior margin straight. Head short, ck of eyes. First segment of rostrum shorter than head, equal to first segment of antenna. Scutellum subequi- i or
ior
-
eral, equal to length
om provided with
1 3 D
of commissure, Swollen anter
numerous small teeth. Anter
la siroiipy nirvea. ~rosterior tibia nude. Only rnam .............
+ carinate, Scutellum much longer
longer than pronoturn, posteriorly
TV t 4 1 1 _ L _ ' l _ n .




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19181
cc.
Barber-Synoptic Keys to the Lygceida (Hemiptera) 81 and several smaller teeth distributed along almost entire length. Clavus with three rows of punctures, the middle series abbreviated. Macropterous forms only. Peritrechus Fieb.
Pronotum with both lobes concolorous or nearly so, most commonly ferrugineous or castaneous, rarely black, most commonly shining or somewhat so. Scutellum not bivit- tate with pale.
Third ventral suture of the abdomen straight and reach- ing the lateral margin. Head across eyes distinctly narrower than anterior margin of pronotum. Pronotum with lateral margins more or less strongly keeled, with impunctate anterior lobe as wide or wider than the much shorter posterior lobe. Scutellum subtransverse. Clavus broad, not deflected to the coriurn, sometimes connate with the coriurn. Membrane usually abbreviated or wanting. Only brachypterous forms known to me. Plinthisus Latr.
DD. Third ventral suture of the abdomen curved anteriorly and not reaching the lateral margin. Head across eyes as wide or most commonly wider than the anterior margin of the pronotum, most frequently as wide as across rounded submargin.
E. Pronotum with both lobes very distinctly and closely punctate and at the same time with the lateral margins evidently carinate. Scutellum longer than wide. Fore femora unarmed.
F. Lateral margins of pronotum more strongly carinate. Eyes more projecting . Pronotum and hemielytra not pilose. Clavus with three rows of punctures. Acompus Fieb.